This document discusses various types of mass media and communication, including physical media, mechanical media, broadcast media, digital media, hypermedia, streaming media, real-time media, podcasts, teletext, and their characteristics. It provides examples and brief history of different media types. The document also discusses advantages and disadvantages of using teletext system for broadcasting subtitles and information pages.

1. Mass Media & Communication
Group
UMT Lahore, Pakistan Members
Nayab Zahra
Presented to: Sir 090303-001
Ahmad Sheikh
Fatima Ahmad
 100403-007
 Ifra Qureshi
 090303-020
M. Ali Aktar
 100403-006
UMT
SUBMITTED TO MR. AHMAD
SHEIKH

2. Types of
Communication

3. Physical Communication
Media

4. Physical Media
• Physical media we mean channels where the
person who is talking can be seen and heard
by the audience.
• See the body language and feel the climate
in the room.
• If a message is perceived as important to the
receiver they expect to hear it live from their
manager.

5. Example

6. Mechanical Media

7. Mechanical
Communication

8. • But they can also be
very fast.
• Because it is written, it
is always interpret by
the reader based on
“his or her mental
condition”.

9. Examples

10. Broadcast Media

11. Broadcast
•
Media/Broadcasting
The term broadcast was first adopted
by early radio engineers from
the Midwestern United States.
• Broadcasting is the distribution of
audio and video content to a
dispersed audience via any audio
visual medium.
• Originally all broadcasting was
composed of analog
signals using analog
transmission techniques and more
recently broadcasters have switched
to digital signals using digital
transmission.

12. Digital Media
• Digital media is a form
of electronic
media where data is
stored in digital form. It
can refer to the
technical aspect
of storage and
transmission of
information or to the
“End Product", such
as digital
video, augmented
reality or digital art.

13. • This emerged in the latter part of the 20th
century. New media are the cultural objects N
which use digital computer technology for
distribution and exhibition. Internet, websites, E
computer multimedia, video games. W
• New media does not include television
programs, feature films, magazines, books, or
paper-based publications unless they contain
technologies that enable digital interactivity.
• Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia, is an
example, combining Internet accessible digital
M
text, images and video with web-links, creative E
participation of contributors, interactive
feedback of users and formation of a participant D
community of editors and donors for the benefit
of non-community readers. I
A

14. Hypermedia
• Hypermedia is a computer-based
information retrieval system that enables a
user to gain or provide access to texts,
audio and video recordings, photographs
and computer graphics related to a
particular subject.
• Hypermedia is used as a logical extension
of the term hypertext in which graphics,
audio, video, plain text
and hyperlinks intertwine to create a
generally non-linear medium of
information.
• The World Wide Web is a classic example
of hypermedia, whereas a non
interactive cinema presentation is an
example of standard multimedia due to the
absence of hyperlinks.

15. Static Media
• Static media include text
and still-pictures (graphics,
photo, illustrations). These
media are stable over time,
i.e. enabling the observer to
perceive the information in
a self-chosen speed.
• Examples:
Text
Pictures

16. Dynamic
Media
• Dynamic media are those
including sound, voice,
animation, video, (interactive-)
and simulations.
• Compared to static media,
dynamic media represent
unstable information from the
point of view of the observer.
• The flow of the information is
normally beyond the control of
the observer. Examples:
 Songs
 Videos

17. Streaming Media And Real
Time

18. Streaming Media
Allows users to watch or listen to
content without downloading.

19. Real event or function is
• When an
Time Media
processed instantaneously, it is
said to occur in real-time. To say
something takes place in real-
time is the same as saying it is
happening "live" or "on-the-fly."
• Real-time also describes the
way streaming media is
processed. Instead of waiting for
a file to completely download, the
information is played back as it is
downloaded. This allows for
news broadcasts, sound clips,
and other streaming audio and
video data to be played live from
the Internet.

20. Podcast
• Radio and TV programs available “online”
after they have been broadcasted.
• They can also be edited and also
re-broadcasted.

22. Teletext

24. Brief History
• Teletext developed in the United Kingdom in
the early 1970s.
• It offers text-based information. Subtitle (or
closed captioning) information is also
transmitted in the teletext signal.
• It is basically set up by the researcher to send
Closed captioning information to the
audience across the country .

25. Close caption
information on a
• CCI is the process of displaying text
television, video screen or other visual display.
• Purpose; to provide additional information.
• It show a transcription of the audio portion of
a program.

26. Development
• In 1972 the BBC demonstrated their system,
now known as Ceefax ("see facts") on various
news shows.
• The ITA announced their own service in 1973,
known as ORACLE.
• In 1973–74, towards the end of 1974 the BBC
news department started with 30 pages. The
Ceefax service was later expanded to 100 pages
and was launched formally in 1976.
• By 1984, the teletext system evolved into what
is now known as World System Teletext (WST).

27. Usage
• Teletext can be used to
transmit data in
addition to subtitles
including information
pages, clocks and
private data.
• Teletext transmission
system has some
advantages and
disadvantages.

28. Teletext broadcast
service
• It is free and easily accessible to viewers
throughout the country.
• Viewers access news, exchange rates and
much other resource information on demand
from Teletext 24/7.

29. Applications of
Teletext

30. Advantages of the Teletext
system and reliable.
• Teletext technology is well proven
• Teletext is aimed mainly at the domestic user, though
some of the information has commercial importance.
• People are able to obtain information at any time the
TV station is transmitting.
• People can see the news.
• people can choose for themselves how long to spend
on any particular item.
• Teletext information is frequently updated and urgent
newsflashes.

31. Advantages of the Teletext
system
• People whose hearing is not very good can use
teletext .
• service covers news reviews, documentaries,
films and other entertainments.
• The viewer can control whether or not the
subtitles are displayed.
• A broadcaster can provide more than one
language in a Teletext subtitle service.

32. Advantages of the Teletext
system
• Teletext subtitling has been adopted in most
countries that use the PAL television system
to provide an important service for TV
viewers who are hearing impaired.
• Teletext is transmitted along with ordinary
television programme signals and thus does
not require separate transmitters or
additional radio frequencies.

33. What is Teletext?

34. Who provides
Teletext?

35. What types of Information and
services do CEEFAX/ORACLE
provide?

36. What equipment is
needed to receive
teletext in the home?
• Most users of teletext use a TV set with an
adaptor that was built-in when the TV set
was made in the factory.
• It is also possible to buy separate
adaptors to convert a non-teletext TV to
receive teletext.

37. How often are teletext
pages updated?

39. Disadvantages of the Teletext
system

40. Zahra
090303-001
Fatima
Ahmad

100403-007
 Ifra
Qureshi

090303-020
M. Ali
Aktar
