1) The document summarizes a presentation on exploring research in specialized marketing areas. It discusses choosing a research topic and project areas related to marketing.
2) The process involves students choosing a topic for approval, conducting a literature review, developing a methodology, and writing a research report. Meetings with advisors are required throughout.
3) An example analysis section discusses strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of research projects based on the presenter's previous supervision experience. Project management and timelines are also outlined.
A universal model for managing the marketing executives in nigerian banksAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on developing a universal model for motivating marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study synthesized theories of Maslow and McGregor to develop a model. A sample of 303 marketing executives was used to test the model. The results showed that managers will most effectively motivate marketing executives by considering their individual needs and creating challenging but attainable goals. The proposed universal model suggests managers take individual characteristics and abilities into account to provide satisfaction and challenge.
Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to propose an empirical conceptual framework to gauge the elements that would affect loyalty of telecommunication consumers of Pakistan.
Design/methodology/approach: This study intends to use the quantitative approach by getting the responses from actual customers of telecommunication industry. The SEM approach will be used via PLS for data analysis.
The document provides an overview of services marketing concepts including:
1) It defines services and identifies key differences between goods and services such as intangibility, perishability, and simultaneous production and consumption.
2) It introduces the services marketing triangle and expanded 7Ps marketing mix framework for services.
3) It discusses models for understanding service quality like the gaps model and challenges in consumer behavior related to services like higher perceived risk and difficulty evaluating service alternatives.
IPSERA 2016. Final paper by A. Okulov, A. van WeeleAnatoly Okulov
This document discusses relationship governance and its impact on performance outcomes in buyer-supplier relationships. It proposes that trust, commitment, and communication are key determinants of buyer-supplier performance. The study empirically tests these relationships using a sample of 95 Dutch firms, finding that trust, commitment, and communication positively influence quality improvement and customer satisfaction. Relationship governance mechanisms like contracts can also impact these relationships. Effective governance requires balancing formal mechanisms like contracts with informal aspects like trust and communication.
This document summarizes a research paper that studied the relationship between salesperson presentation skills, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. It hypothesized that salesperson presentation skills positively influence customers' intention to spread positive word-of-mouth marketing. It also hypothesized that this relationship is mediated by customers' cognitive and emotional satisfaction. The document reviewed literature on salesperson behavior, customer satisfaction, and loyalty formation. It proposed a research model based on Oliver's cognitive-affective-conative behavior pattern to test these relationships and guide the study.
Relationship marketing practices and customer loyaltyAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that explored the relationship between relationship marketing practices and customer loyalty in Ghana's banking industry. The study found that six relationship marketing constructs (trust, competence, conflict handling, commitment, communication, and social and financial bonds) cumulatively had a significant positive effect on customer loyalty. Individually, competence, commitment, and communication were found to be the most significant drivers of customer loyalty. The study recommends that banks focus on relationship marketing strategies to improve customer loyalty and retention.
Service+quality+value+allignment+through internal customer orientation in fin...Tapan Panda
This document summarizes a research study that examined service quality and internal customer orientation in an Indian public sector bank. The study surveyed bank employees in branches (front office) and regional loan departments (back office) to compare their perceptions of 14 service quality dimensions. The results found no statistically significant differences between the two groups' responses. However, some differences were observed based on employee demographics. Overall, the study found similarities between front and back office employees' views of service quality, suggesting the bank presents a consistent experience to external customers.
The document discusses the objectives of business firms. It states that the conventional view is that profit maximization is the sole objective of businesses. However, other objectives exist as well, such as maximizing sales revenue, growth rate, or manager's utility. The document then focuses on profit as a key business objective. It defines accounting profit versus economic profit, with economic profit accounting for implicit opportunity costs. The objectives of business incubators are also outlined, which aim to support startups and increase survival rates through various resources and services.
A universal model for managing the marketing executives in nigerian banksAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on developing a universal model for motivating marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study synthesized theories of Maslow and McGregor to develop a model. A sample of 303 marketing executives was used to test the model. The results showed that managers will most effectively motivate marketing executives by considering their individual needs and creating challenging but attainable goals. The proposed universal model suggests managers take individual characteristics and abilities into account to provide satisfaction and challenge.
Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to propose an empirical conceptual framework to gauge the elements that would affect loyalty of telecommunication consumers of Pakistan.
Design/methodology/approach: This study intends to use the quantitative approach by getting the responses from actual customers of telecommunication industry. The SEM approach will be used via PLS for data analysis.
The document provides an overview of services marketing concepts including:
1) It defines services and identifies key differences between goods and services such as intangibility, perishability, and simultaneous production and consumption.
2) It introduces the services marketing triangle and expanded 7Ps marketing mix framework for services.
3) It discusses models for understanding service quality like the gaps model and challenges in consumer behavior related to services like higher perceived risk and difficulty evaluating service alternatives.
IPSERA 2016. Final paper by A. Okulov, A. van WeeleAnatoly Okulov
This document discusses relationship governance and its impact on performance outcomes in buyer-supplier relationships. It proposes that trust, commitment, and communication are key determinants of buyer-supplier performance. The study empirically tests these relationships using a sample of 95 Dutch firms, finding that trust, commitment, and communication positively influence quality improvement and customer satisfaction. Relationship governance mechanisms like contracts can also impact these relationships. Effective governance requires balancing formal mechanisms like contracts with informal aspects like trust and communication.
This document summarizes a research paper that studied the relationship between salesperson presentation skills, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. It hypothesized that salesperson presentation skills positively influence customers' intention to spread positive word-of-mouth marketing. It also hypothesized that this relationship is mediated by customers' cognitive and emotional satisfaction. The document reviewed literature on salesperson behavior, customer satisfaction, and loyalty formation. It proposed a research model based on Oliver's cognitive-affective-conative behavior pattern to test these relationships and guide the study.
Relationship marketing practices and customer loyaltyAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that explored the relationship between relationship marketing practices and customer loyalty in Ghana's banking industry. The study found that six relationship marketing constructs (trust, competence, conflict handling, commitment, communication, and social and financial bonds) cumulatively had a significant positive effect on customer loyalty. Individually, competence, commitment, and communication were found to be the most significant drivers of customer loyalty. The study recommends that banks focus on relationship marketing strategies to improve customer loyalty and retention.
Service+quality+value+allignment+through internal customer orientation in fin...Tapan Panda
This document summarizes a research study that examined service quality and internal customer orientation in an Indian public sector bank. The study surveyed bank employees in branches (front office) and regional loan departments (back office) to compare their perceptions of 14 service quality dimensions. The results found no statistically significant differences between the two groups' responses. However, some differences were observed based on employee demographics. Overall, the study found similarities between front and back office employees' views of service quality, suggesting the bank presents a consistent experience to external customers.
The document discusses the objectives of business firms. It states that the conventional view is that profit maximization is the sole objective of businesses. However, other objectives exist as well, such as maximizing sales revenue, growth rate, or manager's utility. The document then focuses on profit as a key business objective. It defines accounting profit versus economic profit, with economic profit accounting for implicit opportunity costs. The objectives of business incubators are also outlined, which aim to support startups and increase survival rates through various resources and services.
Relationship between Social bonds and Customer value in commercial Banks in K...inventionjournals
This study sought to empirically examine the influence of social bonds on customer value in commercial banks in Kenya. The social bonds examined in this study are communication with customers (CC), creation of friendship (CF) and social support (SS). The study sample consists of 384 respondents with a response rate of 78.1 per cent. Data was analyzed by employing correlation and multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that social bonds are positively associated with customer value in commercial banks in Kenya. The generalization of the findings is limited as the study focused only on a single industry in Kenya. Based on the findings, companies employing social bonds strategies should focus on improving the usefulness of the social bonds to customers by creating opportunities to strengthen social relationships. This study successfully extends the relationship marketing strategies in the context of customer value by incorporating communication with customers, creation of friendship and social support constructs. This extended relationship marketing model is developed to achieve the greater understanding of customer acceptance of social bonding strategy in Kenya’s commercial banks. In conclusion, the model in this study presents a considerable improvement in explanatory power.
This document discusses a study on factors affecting customer satisfaction in e-banking. It begins with an introduction on how banks are adopting information and communication technologies to provide e-banking services and increase customer satisfaction. It then reviews literature on models for measuring service quality and factors influencing customer satisfaction. The objectives and hypotheses of the study are to assess the impact of service quality, brand perception, and perceived value on customer satisfaction in e-banking. The study uses a survey to collect data from 200 customers on their perceptions of these factors. Preliminary findings indicate most respondents are male, between 25-50 years old, educated to the graduate level or higher, and are employees or businessmen.
This article examines how the market structure impacts the pricing objectives of service firms. It reviews literature on pricing objectives and market structure factors. The study aims to empirically investigate how market structure influences the pricing objectives pursued by service companies. Data was collected through interviews with 170 service firms across six sectors in Greece. The findings show that firms prioritize objectives around maintaining existing customers and attracting new ones to ensure long-term market position, while also considering financial factors. The impact of market structure on pricing objectives is examined.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
This study aimed to identify the key decision criteria customers consider when choosing a beauty salon. A survey of 482 customers at various salons in Dhaka, Bangladesh was conducted. Factor analysis identified several dimensions of decision criteria, with service quality found to be the most important. Other important criteria included employee competency, brand image, and pricing. The study also found that educational qualifications and monthly expenditures influenced customers' perceptions of decision criteria. Understanding key decision criteria can help salons design service offerings to attract and retain customers.
Mediating Effects of Social Media on the Relationship between Human Skill and...inventionjournals
This study examines the mediating effects of social media on the relationship between human skills and competitive advantage in Sri Lankan star hotels. A survey was conducted of 331 executive officers in Sri Lankan star hotels. The results found positive correlations between human skills (including IT knowledge and top management commitment), social media utilization, and competitive advantage. Statistical analysis showed social media has a mediating effect on the relationships between human skills and various dimensions of competitive advantage, including customer satisfaction, organizational performance, and more. Therefore, the study provides empirical evidence that social media can help mediate the impact of human skills on gaining a competitive advantage for hotels.
The paper titled, ―A Study On Customer Loyalty & Satisfaction In Electronics Industry‖ focuses on the level of satisfaction and loyalty a customer perceives in an electronics company. The research made use of ANOVA and Independent sample T- test. The results showed that loyalty and satisfaction are not influenced by type of outlet or age or gender of the customer but by the quality of service a customer receives.
The document discusses research into female consumer buying behavior of cosmetics. It begins with background on the history of cosmetics and the size of the global cosmetics market. It then discusses the importance of understanding consumer behavior for business success. The document outlines several research objectives, including determining the impact of brand perception, packaging design, product/service quality, and price on cosmetic purchasing behavior. It proposes hypotheses and defines key terms. Finally, it provides an overview of the research framework and organization of the study.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Jurnal_27 11 15 - Yesaya dan Kenny _bahasa InggrisJoeCool123
This document summarizes a research study on the impact of customer relationship management (CRM) on customer loyalty at English First Samarinda, an English language school in Samarinda, Indonesia. The study collected data through questionnaires from 235 respondents. The results showed CRM significantly determines customer loyalty, explaining 81.3% of the variability in loyalty. Both CRM and customer loyalty were at intermediate levels based on descriptive analysis. The study concludes CRM significantly impacts customer loyalty and English First Samarinda should focus on improving human resources, processes, and technology to increase loyalty.
Solved Annamalai Assignment 347 MBA Human Resource Management (2021–2022) Cal...palaniappann
Sir/ Madam
Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD. has 15 years of teaching experience in MBA Business schools. For last fifteen years Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD has taught various subjects from Marketing, Finance, Human Resource Management, Information Systems, International Business and General Specializations. He has written many research papers and case studies.
Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD organizes online MBA subject coaching / MBA Assignment help and MBA Project help. Many clients national and international has appreciated Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA., MCom.,MPhil.,PhD for his timely help in the assignments and projects and MBA subject coaching.
You can call him on his mobile no. 9025810064 (whatsapp available) or mail him at palaniappanmail@gmail.com. He does help/guide for the below question. If urgent or any query’s, Please feel free to call him on his mobile no. 9025810064 (whatsapp available) or do mail on palaniappanmail@gmail.com. He does help/guide for the below question
Contact:
Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD
Mail ID: palaniappanmail@gmail.com
Ph: - 9025810064 (whatsapp available)
This document discusses a study on the impact of perceived value dimensions on customer satisfaction and behavior intention among young adult consumers in the banking industry in Malaysia. The study aimed to analyze the direct and indirect effects of perceived value dimensions, including functional service value and relational values of trust and commitment, on customer satisfaction and behavior intentions. Factor analysis identified these as key dimensions of perceived value. Regression analysis found that functional service value and relational value of commitment predict behavior intention, and satisfaction fully mediates the relationship between relational value of commitment and behavior intention. The study provides insights into how banks can improve customer loyalty through enhancing different dimensions of perceived value.
Value Management (Alternative Assessment) - Understanding and Learning outcomeYee Len Wan
Value management (VM) is a systematic approach to achieving the best balance between project objectives, stakeholder needs, and resources. It was developed in 1961 as an alternative to traditional cost-focused approaches. VM considers value, function, quality, and lifecycle costs rather than just initial price. It utilizes a multidisciplinary team to evaluate alternatives throughout a project's lifecycle. VM has led to significant cost savings in public construction projects in Malaysia but has seen limited private sector use. Merging VM with cost management may help address barriers to its adoption by familiarizing parties with VM's benefits of delivering best value.
This document provides an overview of a course on service quality and marketing. It outlines the course objectives, which include recognizing customer and provider perspectives, implementing marketing plans, and adapting to changing environments. The document also describes the topics that will be covered in the course, which include the characteristics of services, the marketing mix for services, service quality, and organizational change for services.
This document discusses customer relationship management (CRM) and its importance for banking industry survival. It begins with an introduction in the name of Allah and provides key objectives for the research. The introduction discusses the background and problem statement, highlighting how customers are essential for business survival. It presents a theoretical framework and discusses hypotheses regarding how wide branch networks, customized products/services, effective marketing, and low service charges can help manage customer relationships. The research methodology discusses tools like questionnaires, sampling techniques, and data analysis that will be used. Finally, the literature review summarizes several research articles and studies related to CRM strategies, implementation, and impact in the banking sector.
Solved Annamalai Assignment Principles of Management (2021–2022) Call 902581...palaniappann
Sir / Madam
Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD. has 15 years of teaching experience in MBA Business schools. For last fifteen years Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD has taught various subjects from Marketing, Finance, Human Resource Management, Information Systems, International Business and General Specializations. He has written many research papers and case studies.
Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD organizes online MBA subject coaching / MBA Assignment help and MBA Project help. Many clients national and international has appreciated Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA., MCom.,MPhil.,PhD for his timely help in the assignments and projects and MBA subject coaching.
You can call him on his mobile no. 09025810064 (whatsapp available) or mail him at palaniappanmail@gmail.com. He does help/guide for the below question. If urgent or any query’s, Please feel free to call him on his mobile no. 9025810064 (whatsapp available) or do mail on palaniappanmail@gmail.com. He does help/guide for the below question
Contact:
Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD
Mail ID: palaniappanmail@gmail.com
Ph: - 9025810064 (whatsapp available)
Marketers traditionally use the four Ps (product, price, place, promotion) to develop marketing mixes. However, these fail to address key aspects of services marketing like intangibility, simultaneous production and consumption, and customer involvement in production. To better address services, marketers have added three more Ps: people, process, and physical evidence. The additional Ps help capture how services are co-produced by customers and employees, delivered through customer interactions, and demonstrated through tangible clues to manage customer perceptions of quality.
This document provides an overview of quality concepts and definitions. It discusses definitions of quality as fitness for use and conforming to specifications. It describes key quality characteristics like technological, psychological, time-oriented, contractual, and ethical characteristics. It also discusses the quality function and costs of quality, categorizing quality costs into costs of prevention, appraisal, internal failures, and external failures. The document aims to define quality and its important dimensions from different perspectives.
This document summarizes a professional certificate project undertaken by the author while teaching. The project investigated promoting the power of art education to enhance learning across other subject areas. The author delivered joint lessons with another teacher connecting art and geometry. They also challenged students' preconceptions of how art can be used in other subjects. The author improved awareness of cross-curricular opportunities and learned about recent initiatives in this area. They concluded the project by arguing for a less rigid separation between subjects in education.
A Lecture given to Delegation of Cambodian Muslim Youth Leaders at Regional Office of International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT) Kuala Lumpur Malaysia on 2016.7.26
Relationship between Social bonds and Customer value in commercial Banks in K...inventionjournals
This study sought to empirically examine the influence of social bonds on customer value in commercial banks in Kenya. The social bonds examined in this study are communication with customers (CC), creation of friendship (CF) and social support (SS). The study sample consists of 384 respondents with a response rate of 78.1 per cent. Data was analyzed by employing correlation and multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that social bonds are positively associated with customer value in commercial banks in Kenya. The generalization of the findings is limited as the study focused only on a single industry in Kenya. Based on the findings, companies employing social bonds strategies should focus on improving the usefulness of the social bonds to customers by creating opportunities to strengthen social relationships. This study successfully extends the relationship marketing strategies in the context of customer value by incorporating communication with customers, creation of friendship and social support constructs. This extended relationship marketing model is developed to achieve the greater understanding of customer acceptance of social bonding strategy in Kenya’s commercial banks. In conclusion, the model in this study presents a considerable improvement in explanatory power.
This document discusses a study on factors affecting customer satisfaction in e-banking. It begins with an introduction on how banks are adopting information and communication technologies to provide e-banking services and increase customer satisfaction. It then reviews literature on models for measuring service quality and factors influencing customer satisfaction. The objectives and hypotheses of the study are to assess the impact of service quality, brand perception, and perceived value on customer satisfaction in e-banking. The study uses a survey to collect data from 200 customers on their perceptions of these factors. Preliminary findings indicate most respondents are male, between 25-50 years old, educated to the graduate level or higher, and are employees or businessmen.
This article examines how the market structure impacts the pricing objectives of service firms. It reviews literature on pricing objectives and market structure factors. The study aims to empirically investigate how market structure influences the pricing objectives pursued by service companies. Data was collected through interviews with 170 service firms across six sectors in Greece. The findings show that firms prioritize objectives around maintaining existing customers and attracting new ones to ensure long-term market position, while also considering financial factors. The impact of market structure on pricing objectives is examined.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
This study aimed to identify the key decision criteria customers consider when choosing a beauty salon. A survey of 482 customers at various salons in Dhaka, Bangladesh was conducted. Factor analysis identified several dimensions of decision criteria, with service quality found to be the most important. Other important criteria included employee competency, brand image, and pricing. The study also found that educational qualifications and monthly expenditures influenced customers' perceptions of decision criteria. Understanding key decision criteria can help salons design service offerings to attract and retain customers.
Mediating Effects of Social Media on the Relationship between Human Skill and...inventionjournals
This study examines the mediating effects of social media on the relationship between human skills and competitive advantage in Sri Lankan star hotels. A survey was conducted of 331 executive officers in Sri Lankan star hotels. The results found positive correlations between human skills (including IT knowledge and top management commitment), social media utilization, and competitive advantage. Statistical analysis showed social media has a mediating effect on the relationships between human skills and various dimensions of competitive advantage, including customer satisfaction, organizational performance, and more. Therefore, the study provides empirical evidence that social media can help mediate the impact of human skills on gaining a competitive advantage for hotels.
The paper titled, ―A Study On Customer Loyalty & Satisfaction In Electronics Industry‖ focuses on the level of satisfaction and loyalty a customer perceives in an electronics company. The research made use of ANOVA and Independent sample T- test. The results showed that loyalty and satisfaction are not influenced by type of outlet or age or gender of the customer but by the quality of service a customer receives.
The document discusses research into female consumer buying behavior of cosmetics. It begins with background on the history of cosmetics and the size of the global cosmetics market. It then discusses the importance of understanding consumer behavior for business success. The document outlines several research objectives, including determining the impact of brand perception, packaging design, product/service quality, and price on cosmetic purchasing behavior. It proposes hypotheses and defines key terms. Finally, it provides an overview of the research framework and organization of the study.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Jurnal_27 11 15 - Yesaya dan Kenny _bahasa InggrisJoeCool123
This document summarizes a research study on the impact of customer relationship management (CRM) on customer loyalty at English First Samarinda, an English language school in Samarinda, Indonesia. The study collected data through questionnaires from 235 respondents. The results showed CRM significantly determines customer loyalty, explaining 81.3% of the variability in loyalty. Both CRM and customer loyalty were at intermediate levels based on descriptive analysis. The study concludes CRM significantly impacts customer loyalty and English First Samarinda should focus on improving human resources, processes, and technology to increase loyalty.
Solved Annamalai Assignment 347 MBA Human Resource Management (2021–2022) Cal...palaniappann
Sir/ Madam
Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD. has 15 years of teaching experience in MBA Business schools. For last fifteen years Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD has taught various subjects from Marketing, Finance, Human Resource Management, Information Systems, International Business and General Specializations. He has written many research papers and case studies.
Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD organizes online MBA subject coaching / MBA Assignment help and MBA Project help. Many clients national and international has appreciated Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA., MCom.,MPhil.,PhD for his timely help in the assignments and projects and MBA subject coaching.
You can call him on his mobile no. 9025810064 (whatsapp available) or mail him at palaniappanmail@gmail.com. He does help/guide for the below question. If urgent or any query’s, Please feel free to call him on his mobile no. 9025810064 (whatsapp available) or do mail on palaniappanmail@gmail.com. He does help/guide for the below question
Contact:
Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD
Mail ID: palaniappanmail@gmail.com
Ph: - 9025810064 (whatsapp available)
This document discusses a study on the impact of perceived value dimensions on customer satisfaction and behavior intention among young adult consumers in the banking industry in Malaysia. The study aimed to analyze the direct and indirect effects of perceived value dimensions, including functional service value and relational values of trust and commitment, on customer satisfaction and behavior intentions. Factor analysis identified these as key dimensions of perceived value. Regression analysis found that functional service value and relational value of commitment predict behavior intention, and satisfaction fully mediates the relationship between relational value of commitment and behavior intention. The study provides insights into how banks can improve customer loyalty through enhancing different dimensions of perceived value.
Value Management (Alternative Assessment) - Understanding and Learning outcomeYee Len Wan
Value management (VM) is a systematic approach to achieving the best balance between project objectives, stakeholder needs, and resources. It was developed in 1961 as an alternative to traditional cost-focused approaches. VM considers value, function, quality, and lifecycle costs rather than just initial price. It utilizes a multidisciplinary team to evaluate alternatives throughout a project's lifecycle. VM has led to significant cost savings in public construction projects in Malaysia but has seen limited private sector use. Merging VM with cost management may help address barriers to its adoption by familiarizing parties with VM's benefits of delivering best value.
This document provides an overview of a course on service quality and marketing. It outlines the course objectives, which include recognizing customer and provider perspectives, implementing marketing plans, and adapting to changing environments. The document also describes the topics that will be covered in the course, which include the characteristics of services, the marketing mix for services, service quality, and organizational change for services.
This document discusses customer relationship management (CRM) and its importance for banking industry survival. It begins with an introduction in the name of Allah and provides key objectives for the research. The introduction discusses the background and problem statement, highlighting how customers are essential for business survival. It presents a theoretical framework and discusses hypotheses regarding how wide branch networks, customized products/services, effective marketing, and low service charges can help manage customer relationships. The research methodology discusses tools like questionnaires, sampling techniques, and data analysis that will be used. Finally, the literature review summarizes several research articles and studies related to CRM strategies, implementation, and impact in the banking sector.
Solved Annamalai Assignment Principles of Management (2021–2022) Call 902581...palaniappann
Sir / Madam
Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD. has 15 years of teaching experience in MBA Business schools. For last fifteen years Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD has taught various subjects from Marketing, Finance, Human Resource Management, Information Systems, International Business and General Specializations. He has written many research papers and case studies.
Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD organizes online MBA subject coaching / MBA Assignment help and MBA Project help. Many clients national and international has appreciated Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA., MCom.,MPhil.,PhD for his timely help in the assignments and projects and MBA subject coaching.
You can call him on his mobile no. 09025810064 (whatsapp available) or mail him at palaniappanmail@gmail.com. He does help/guide for the below question. If urgent or any query’s, Please feel free to call him on his mobile no. 9025810064 (whatsapp available) or do mail on palaniappanmail@gmail.com. He does help/guide for the below question
Contact:
Prof.Dr.N.Palaniappan.,MBA.,MCom.,MPhil.,PhD
Mail ID: palaniappanmail@gmail.com
Ph: - 9025810064 (whatsapp available)
Marketers traditionally use the four Ps (product, price, place, promotion) to develop marketing mixes. However, these fail to address key aspects of services marketing like intangibility, simultaneous production and consumption, and customer involvement in production. To better address services, marketers have added three more Ps: people, process, and physical evidence. The additional Ps help capture how services are co-produced by customers and employees, delivered through customer interactions, and demonstrated through tangible clues to manage customer perceptions of quality.
This document provides an overview of quality concepts and definitions. It discusses definitions of quality as fitness for use and conforming to specifications. It describes key quality characteristics like technological, psychological, time-oriented, contractual, and ethical characteristics. It also discusses the quality function and costs of quality, categorizing quality costs into costs of prevention, appraisal, internal failures, and external failures. The document aims to define quality and its important dimensions from different perspectives.
This document summarizes a professional certificate project undertaken by the author while teaching. The project investigated promoting the power of art education to enhance learning across other subject areas. The author delivered joint lessons with another teacher connecting art and geometry. They also challenged students' preconceptions of how art can be used in other subjects. The author improved awareness of cross-curricular opportunities and learned about recent initiatives in this area. They concluded the project by arguing for a less rigid separation between subjects in education.
A Lecture given to Delegation of Cambodian Muslim Youth Leaders at Regional Office of International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT) Kuala Lumpur Malaysia on 2016.7.26
The document discusses the principles and philosophy of Islamic management. It outlines the key functions of management in Islam which include planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Planning involves setting both short-term and long-term goals to be productive servants of Allah. Organizing establishes project and role structures. Leading guides people in their long-term interests. Controlling ensures plans are properly executed. Other principles discussed are Tawhid, Khalifah, Al-Adl, Syura, Ikhlas, freedom, Amanah, reward, Amar Makruf Nahi Munkar, and brotherhood.
This document provides an overview of management principles from a textbook. It defines management and what managers do, including planning, organizing, leading and controlling organizational resources and activities. It describes six core managerial competencies: communication, planning and administration, teamwork, strategic action, multicultural awareness, and self-management. It also outlines different management levels from top to first-line managers and their respective roles and skills.
The JKKK is a community based organization at the village level established by federal government in Malaysia. This is an Islamic Leadership Training for the improvement of its functions and a solution to its problems.
Management involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling organizational activities and resources to achieve goals. Scientific management theories developed methods for breaking down jobs and setting productivity standards, while classical theories identified key management functions and principles. Later, the human relations movement emphasized that non-financial rewards and good working conditions motivate employees through satisfying informal work groups. Current approaches integrate multiple factors in managing complex organizations.
IMPACT OF INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS (IMC) ON CONSUMER DECISION MAKI...IAEME Publication
Today there are many tools used for marketing. Many Ideal figures have been drawn tocreate “the way” to do marketing. IMC is constructed to be a non-massmarketing tool that focuses on its target market specifically, makes it essential to start relationships with customer, it shows the importance of one coherent message the user of IMC is trying to portray to its customers, and finally it allows marketers to know what resources or communication channels they have at hand because IMC makes it important to know your resources of marketing beforeyou actually start marketing your product. These characteristics of IMC are the very reason the authors of this study became interested in this topic specifically to study the Impact of integrated marketing communications (IMC) on consumer decision Making with special reference to Pharma Industries in Tamilnadu.
Know how Sony Ericsson perform their Business Strategy for their organization growth. This is sample ppt for Business strategy for university students to learn basic of business and its strategy. For more PPT kindly contact us at given email:help@instantassignmenthelp.com.au or toll free number:+61 879 057 034
The document discusses project management according to PMI, covering its five process groups, nine knowledge areas, project constraints and lifecycle. It also discusses the inputs, tools, techniques and outputs of project management processes.
Quality Statements and Seven Steps to Strategic Quality PlanningDr.Raja R
What is a quality statement?, Quality statements and tenders, What does a quality statement include?, Define the term strategy?,
Vision Statement, Mission Statement, Quality Policy Statement and seven steps to strategic Quality Planning
#AMECWebinar – How Can PR Measurement Benefit Your Business?Gorkana
To coincide with the launch of the AMEC Education Programme on 30th Jan, we hosted a PR measurement webinar with AMEC and Booz Allen Hamilton, which provided PRs with practical knowledge to effectively measure communications activity and position in the context of an organisation's wider objectives.
Marketing for service quality in jordanian construction project organisationAlexander Decker
This document summarizes marketing concepts as applied to the construction industry in Jordan. It finds that most construction companies in Jordan do not have dedicated marketing departments or see marketing as a legitimate activity. Contracts are typically awarded based primarily on price. The document reviews key marketing concepts including the marketing mix, marketing orientation, segmentation, and positioning. It emphasizes the importance of understanding customer needs to improve quality and satisfaction.
Ijbrm 144Customer Perceptions and Expectations Regarding Service Qualities in...Waqas Tariq
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Impact of Service Quality on the Customer Satisfaction: Case study at Online ...AI Publications
As it’s known business rely on the customers it means the profitability of any company change depending on customer demand. Due to that, it’s necessary to treat customer as the king of the market. In another meaning, Customer satisfaction is very important issue to company’s product which it measures the level of probability between company’s product and customer belief in which the happier customer with quality and types of products more products and more profit will occur. The purpose of this project was to determine the Impact of technical and functional service quality on the customer satisfaction and loyalty. Though conducting a survey number of results was collected, and the results belong to their view about different types of platform which they used for online meeting and academic stuff. Different nationality participates in this project including (Kurdish, Turkish, Arabic, Turkmen, Indian, Pakistan, Uzbek, Nigerian and British) with having different position such as head of the faculty, instructor, academic staff, head of the department and etc. in number of universities in Kurdistan region of Iraq. As it’s shown in chapter three Excel software was used to calculate collected data through (co-variance, correlation and regression analysis) methods. And Based on the result fulfillment, privacy issues were affected the customer satisfaction and loyalty.
This document provides definitions and perspectives on quality from various organizations such as Fedex, Boeing, and the US Department of Defense. It states that quality involves meeting or exceeding customer expectations and applies to products, services, processes, and environments. Quality is defined as a dynamic state that is associated with meeting or exceeding expectations. The document then discusses the fundamental, measurable, operational, conservational, and human aspects of quality. It provides definitions of total quality management and lists its main advantages as encouraging strategic approaches, providing high returns on investment, and fitting orientations toward collaboration.
This document summarizes a study conducted on customer satisfaction with JK Tyres in Mysuru, India. The study aimed to understand customer satisfaction factors and identify opportunities to improve loyalty. It found that most respondents were satisfied with price, quality, and service from JK Tyres. However, some had issues with meeting demands. The organization needs to address these problems and develop new strategies to fully satisfy customers.
Here is an analysis of the two-wheeler industry in India using Porter's Five Forces model for M&M's entry into this business:
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Brand Value and Equity. Analysis of the most popular and appropriate methods ...Miraziz Bazarov
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
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3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
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Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
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3. #1. INTRODUCTION /
OBJECTIVE
AREA of Interest
During
Industrial training
Integral
part of
BBA(Hon
)
Synthesis
various
aspect of
learning
Ability to
write
substantial
report
Demonstration
of
understanding
concept
techniques skill
5. Market research and marketing research
are often confused.
'Market' research is simply research into a specific market. It is a very
narrow concept.
'Marketing' research is much broader. It not only includes 'market'
research, but also areas such as research into new products, or modes of
distribution such as via the Internet.
Here are a couple of definitions:
"Marketing research is the function that links the consumer, customer, and
public to the marketer through information - information used to identify and
define marketing opportunities and problems; generate, refine, and evaluate
marketing actions; monitor marketing performance; and improve understanding
of marketing as a process.
Marketing research specifies the information required to address these issues,
designs the methods for collecting information, manages and implements the
data collection process, analyzes, and communicates the findings and their
implications."
American Marketing Association (AMA) - Official Definition of Marketing Research
http://www.marketingteacher.com/lesson-store/lesson-marketing-research.html
6. CHOOSING THE PROJECT TOPIC / AREA
It is the student’s responsibility to identify a suitable
project topic, subject to the approval of his/her advisor
(appointed lecturer).
The topic must be of issues related to the field of
study or at least related to any subject indicated in the
students’ program’s curriculum. Request from the
industry must also be taken into considerations and
shall be discussed between the student, advisor and
the supervisor (from the company).
For the purpose of preparing the project paper report,
a student has to meet and discuss with his/her advisor
a minimum of eight (8) times throughout the semester.
7. “Not Everything That Counts Can Be Counted,
& Not Everything That Can Be Counted,
Counts”.
ALBERT EINSTEIN
8. 1 MKT 420
Principles and Practices
of Marketing
2 MKT537 Marketing Research
3 MKT547
Marketing
Communication
4 MKT542 Channels Management
5 MKT532
Understanding
Consumer
6 MKT531 Product Management
7 MKT646 Strategic Marketing
8 MKT656 Global Marketing
9 MKT658 Issues in Marketing
10 MKT663 Relationship Marketing
? MKT620 Business Marketing
Source: FBM PROGRAM STRUCTURE - BBA with Honours ( MARKETING ) BM220
Glossory
Chapter
Knowledge
9. #2 INPUT /PROCESS /OUTCOME
CHOOSING
THE TOPIC
Students
RESPOSIBILITY
SUBJECTSUBJECT
APPROVALAPPROVAL
BYBY
ADVISORADVISOR
Issue Related
to Field of
Study
Request from
The Industry
–To Consider-
Shall be
discussed
Meet & Discuss with
S/Visor min 8 Times
THE
RESEARCH
REPORT
P1
P2
P3
29. #3.MY ANALYSIS
STRENGTH WEAKNESS
Written Capabilities/
Language Competencies
Knowledge/ Skills/Ability
Advisors that are ever willing to
guide
Conducive System
Based on Previous Supervision Experience:Based on Previous Supervision Experience:
Take things for granted /Late
Starter/
Not Properly Plan/
No ZEST
OPPORTUNITIES THREAT
To proof / Improve
Push up CGPA
Higher Level
If Its really matters
Once a life time / Time Tunnel
It a process ( involved
procedures, task, schedules,
activities , routine by which a
job/product/service is delivered
Too Engross in the Practical
Training…
30. JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER
STAGEOFSTUDY 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
CHAPTER1
problemstatement
researchobjective
significantofstudy
limitationsofthestudy
CHAPTER2
literaturereview
theoreticalframework
hypothesis
CHAPTER3
methodology
researchdesign
sampledesign
instrument
dataanalysis
36. ANISA AISYA BINTI KHALIL
2010205798
BBA (HONS) MARKETING
The moderating effects of corporate image:
the influence of service quality and trust on
purchase intention at Great Eastern Takaful
Sdn Bhd (GETSB)
37. INTRODUCTION
• A number of studies has been carried out on
purchase intention and the factors influencing
purchase intention (Khan, 2012).
• Corporate brands are related to trust
(Groenland, 2002 and Berens and van Riel,
2004)
• The provision of high quality services is one of
the key factors of a successful operation
(Wang and Sha, 2000) and service quality has
a direct influence on purchase intention
(Huang, 2011).
38. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
• In respect of insurance industry, it has been one of the key
drivers to services sector.
Change (%) Share of GDP (%)
2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012
Intermediate services
Transport strorage 6.9 5.1 6.7 3.8 3.8 3.8
Communication 8.5 7.9 7.9 4.2 4.4 4.5
Finance and insurance 6.4 6.3 6.8 11.7 11.8 12.0
Real estate and business
services
7.8 6.8 5.7 5.5 5.6 5.6
Source: Malaysian Rating Corporation Berhad, 2012
39. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
• To determine the influence levels of reliability on trust.
• To determine the influence levels of tangibility on trust.
• To determine the influence levels of responsiveness on trust.
• To determine the influence levels of assurance on trust.
• To determine the influence levels of empathy on trust.
• To determine the influence of trust on customer’s purchase
intention.
• To determine the moderating role of corporate image towards
a company on the influence of customer’s trust on customer’s
purchase intention.
40. LITERATURE REVIEW
• Purchase Intention
• Definition: customers willingness and readiness to consider
buying a products (Wang and Tadisina, 2008, Nelson Barber
et al., 2012 and Al-Ekam, 2012).
• Fishbein and Ajzen (1975), a Theory of Reasoned Action
(TRA) and Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB).
TRA
TPB
Attitude
Behaviour
42. • Corporate Image
• Defintion: the overall representation of an enterprise to
the public (Nguyen and Lablanc, 2001).
• Studies on corporate identity has been carried out since
early 1930s (Alan Valdez, 2013).
43. 1930s
•Personalities
as impression
made on other
people
1950s-1960s
•Consumers buy
a brand for the
meaning it has
1970s
•Include the
perceptions of
stakeholders
1980s
•The effects of
behaviour and
communication
was recognized.
Nowadays,
identity is seen as
strategic tool
EVOLUTION OF CORPORATE IMAGE
44. • Trust
Definition: a state involving the expectation of the parties
and risk associated with assuming in such expectations
(Deutsch, 1958, Holmes and Rempel, 1991 and Al-Ekam ,
2012).
A few research on trust is started from psychological study
(Wetzels, 1998).
Lewis and Weigert (1985) – three dimensions:
1)Cognition
2)Affection
3)Behaviour
45. Service Quality
Definition: a long run evaluation of employees
performance, interaction and processes and expectation of
customers . (Parasuraman, 1985 , Cronin and Taylor, 1992
and Bitner et al., 1996, ).
Parasuraman (1985), is the main contributor to service
quality.
Service Quality
Categorized into five dimensions :
1)Tangibility
2)Reliability
3)Responsiveness
4)Assurance
5)Empathy
46. Author
1. A gap between expectations
and perceived performance is the
best predictor of satisfaction
impact on level of customers trust
Mcquitty et al., (2000)
2. Service quality consists of
reliability, tangibility,
responsiveness, assurance and
empathy.
Parasuraman (1985)
2. Trust relates to positive
expectation about the intentions
and behaviour of exchange
partner.
Singh and Sirdeshmukh, (2000)
3. Positive corporate reputation
with guaranteed attributes and
functions will establish better
customer trust.
Dodds et al., (1991)
PREVIOUS RESEARCH
H1-1: Reliability has a significantly
positive influence on trust.
H1-2: Tangibility has a significantly
positive influence on trust.
H1-3: Responsiveness has a significantly
positive influence on trust.
H1-4: Assurance has a significantly
positive influence on trust.
H1-5: Empathy has a significantly positive
influence on trust.
H2: Trust has a significantly
positive influence on purchase
intention
H3: Corporate image will moderate
the influence of trust on purchase
intention.
H3-1: The influence of trust on
purchase intention in high corporate
image situations is greater than in low
corporate image situations.
47. PROPOSED RESEARCH MODEL
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES DEPENDENT VARIABLES
Service Quality
•Tangibility
•Reliability
•Responsiveness
•Assurance
•Empathy
Trust Purchase
Intention
Corporate Image
Moderating variable
48. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND
ANALYSIS
Frequency analysis
•To obtain the number of the responses associated with the different value of variables and
express those counts in percentage term
Descriptive analysis
•To understand the characteristics of the respondents of variables of interest situation.
Reliability analysis
•Used of Cronbach’s alpha value
•If alpha value was higher than 0.70, then it showed that the reliability was high (Osburn, 2000).
Correlation analysis
•Pearson’s correlation was adopted
•The closer the absolute value to 1, the stronger the relationship (Taylor, 1990)
Regression analysis
•To test the hypotheses
•Proposed moderator and interaction term was adopted for modeator analysis
49. RESULT AND FINDINGS
• Frequency analysis
Gender: Percentage
(%)
Male 38.7
Female 61.3
Total 100
Age : Percentage (%)
18-24 9.3
25-34 44.0
35-44 24.7
45-54 22.0
Total 100
Marital status: Percentage
(%)
Single 15.3
Married 84.7
Total 100
Employment status: Percentage (%)
Employed full-time 78.7
Employed part-time 8.7
Retired 5.3
Unemployed 6.0
Student 1.3
Total 100
House hold
income:
Percentage (%)
Below RM1000 10.7
RM1001-RM3000 31.3
RM3001-RM5000 16.7
RM5001-RM7000 24.7
RM7001 and above 16.7
Total 100
50. • Descriptive analysis
Variables N Min Max Mean Std.
Deviation
Corporate
image
150 4.00 5.00 4.7278 0.35991
Service
quality
150 4.00 5.00 4.6633 0.35363
Customer
trust
150 3.00 5.00 4.6644 0.48925
Purchase
intention
150 3.00 5.00 4.6756 0.50048
52. REGRESSION ANALYSIS
• The influence of service quality on trust
Dependent
variables
Service quality Regression
coefficient (β)
t value p value
Customer
trust
Tangibility 0.276 2.067 0.041
Reliability 0.482 3.239 0.001
Responsiveness 0.034 0.265 0.791
Assurance 0.302 2.416 0.017
Empathy 0.050 0.384 0.702
R²= 0.340 ; Adjusted R²= 0.317 ; N=150 ; F14.832 ; p= 0.000
53. • The influence of trust on purchase intention.
REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Independent
variable
Dependent
variable
Regression
coefficient
(β)
t value p value
Customer
trust
Purchase
intention
0.399 5.294 0.000
R²= 0.159 ; Adjusted R²= 0.154 ; N= 150 ; F= 28.029 ; p= 0.000
54. • The moderating effects of corporate image between the
influences of trust on purchase intention
REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Dependent
variable
Variables Regression
coefficient
(β)
t value p value
Purchase
intention
Customer
trust
0.597 7.335 0.000
Customer
trust
X
Corporate
image
0.392 4.821 0.000
R²= 0.274 ; Adjusted R²= 0.264 ; N= 150 ; F= 27.752 ; p= 0.000
55. Comparison of the moderating effect of
high and low corporate image
5.004.504.003.503.00
meanCT
5.00
4.50
4.00
3.50
3.00
meanPI
Fit line for high
corporate image
Fit line for low
corporate image
high corporate image
low corporate image
groupCI
R Sq Linear = 0.051
R Sq Linear = 0.299
Purchase
intention
Customer trustCustomer trust
Corporate Image
56. CONCLUSION
• Different dimensions of service quality will have different levels
of influence on customer trust.
• Trust has a significantly positive influence on purchase
intention correspond to previous research.
• Corporate image moderate the influence of trust on purchase
intention.
• Recommendation:
1) Enhance service quality to increase level of customer trust
2) Should considered to increase level of customer trust
3) Strengthen the corporate image to enhance trust and leads to
purchase intention
1. Product Research Product means the goods and services which are sold to the consumers. It includes consumer products and industrial products. Product research studies the individual product. It studies the making and marketing of the product. It studies the colour, size, shape, quality, packaging, brand name and price of the product. It also deals with product modification, product innovation, product life cycle, etc. The product is modified (changed) as per the needs and wants of the consumers. Therefore, the product will not fail in the market. 2. Consumer Research Consumer is the person who purchases the goods and services. The consumer is the king in the market. Consumer research studies consumer behaviour. It studies the consumers needs, wants, likes, dislikes, attitude, age, sex, income, location; buying motives, etc. This data is used to take decisions about the product, its price, place and promotion. 3. Packaging Research Packaging research is a part of product research. It studies the package of the product. It improves the quality of the package. It makes the package more attractive. It makes the package more convenient for the consumers. It reduces the cost of packaging. It selects a suitable method for packaging. It also selects suitable packaging material. 4. Pricing Research Pricing Research studies the pricing of the product. It selects a suitable method of pricing. It fixes the price for the product. It compares the companies price with the competitor's price. It also fixes the discount and commission which are given to middlemen. It studies the market price trends. It also studies the future price trends. 5. Advertising Research Advertising research studies the advertising of the product. It fixes the advertising objectives. It also fixes the advertising budget. It decides about the advertising message, layout, copy, slogan, headline, etc. It selects a suitable media for advertising. It also evaluates the effectiveness of advertising and other sales promotion techniques. 6. Sales Research Sales research studies the selling activities of the company. It studies the sales outlets, sales territories, sales forecasting, sales trends, sales methods, effectiveness of the sales force, etc. 7. Distribution Research Distribution research studies the channels of distribution. It selects a suitable channel for the product. It fixes the channel objectives. It identifies the channel functions like storage, grading, etc. It evaluates the competitor's channel. 8. Policy Research Policy research studies the company's policies. It evaluates the effectiveness of the marketing policies, sales policies, distribution policies, pricing policies, inventory policies, etc. Necessary changes, if any, are made in these policies. 9. International Marketing Research International marketing research studies the foreign market. It collects data about consumers from foreign countries. It collects data about the economic and political situation of different countries. It also collects data about the foreign competitors. This data is very useful for the exporters. 10. Motivation Research Motivation research studies consumers' buying motives. It studies those factors that motivate consumers to buy a product. It mainly finds out, Why the consumers buy the product? It also finds out the causes of consumer behaviour in the market. 11. Market Research Market research studies the markets, market competition, market trends, etc. It also does sales forecasting. It estimates the demand for new products. It fixes the sales territories and sales quotas. 12. Media Research Media research studies various advertising media. The different advertising media are television (TV), radio, newspapers, magazines, the internet, etc. Media research studies the merits and demerits of each media. It selects a suitable media for advertising. It does media planning. It also studies media cost. It helps in sales promotion and to avoid wastage in advertising.