Mansa Musa was the king of Mali from 1312 to 1332, making Mali wealthy by controlling gold and salt trade. He is famous for his hajj pilgrimage to Mecca, where he gave away so much gold that he had to borrow to return home and prices in Egypt took over a decade to stabilize after his visit. As king, he followed Islamic principles of generosity to the poor and traveled with an entourage of guards and musicians.