Validity of the Adi r in an Adult Inpatient Population 5.14.10
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1) Researchers administered the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) to patients at a state psychiatric hospital to examine the validity and utility of the ADI-R for diagnosing autism spectrum disorder in adults with serious mental illness. 2) The ADI-R showed good agreement with clinical consensus diagnoses, with a kappa of 0.454. However, some items on repetitive behaviors and mannerisms may not differentiate autism from schizophrenia. 3) A high percentage of patients could not complete the full ADI-R due to lack of family informants or developmental history details, highlighting challenges in diagnosing autism in adult inpatient populations.
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![Validity of the ADI-R in an Adult Inpatient Population K.S. Branch; D.N. Johnson; L.J. Lawer; M.A. McCarthy; L.A. Plummer; E.S. Brodkin; D.S. Mandell University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Penn/CHOP Center for Autism Research Department of Psychiatry Center for Mental Health Policy and Services Research Background ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Methods Sample Recruitment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],144 Consented Patient 130 Agreed to ADI-R 61 Completed ADI-R 3 Unreliable Respondents 66 No ADI-R 8 No Family Contact 34 Families Unreachable 24 Families Refused 14 Refused ADI-R ,[object Object],Objectives Results ADI-R Compared with Clinician Consensus True Pos. (n= 6) False Pos. (n=8) True Neg. (n=45) False Neg. (n=2) Sig. Direct Gaze 50% 75% 13.3% 0% .004 Social Smiling 83.3% 87.5% 8.9% 0% <.001 Range of Expressions 66.7% 50% 8.9% 0% .005 Imaginative Play w/ Peers 83.3% 87.5% 20% 50% .001 Interest in Children 83.3% 75% 11.1% 0% <.001 Friendships 100% 75% 13.3% 50% <.001 Offering to Share 83.3% 37.5% 11.1% 50% .002 Social Overtures 33.3% 62.5% 8.9% 50% .005 Inappropriate Facial Expressions 66.7% 62.5% 24.4% 50% .078 Social Responses 83.3% 87.5% 11.1% 50% <.001 Gestures 83.3% 87.5% 2.2% 0% <.001 Imitation of Actions 100% 75% 22.2% 50% <.001 Imitative Social Play 100% 87.5% 8.8% 0% <.001 Reciprocal Conversation 100% 100% 48.8% 50% .013 Stereotyped Utterances/Echolalia 16.7% 37.5% 24.4% 0% .248 Inappropriate Question/Statements 16.7% 37.5% 27.3% 0% .458 Pronominal Reversal 16.7% 12.5% 4.4% 0% .695 Neologisms 0% 37.5% 11.1% 50% .201 Unusual Preoccupation 50% 25% 0% 0% <.001 Verbal Rituals 33.4% 12.5% 13.3% 0% .798 Compulsions/ Rituals 33.3% 12.5% 13.3% 0% .009 Stereotyped Motor Mannerisms 16.7% 12.5% 2.2% 0% .103 Preoccupied w/ Parts of Objects 33.3% 50% 13.3% 50% .002 A- Abnormality in Social Interaction 100% 75% 0% 50% <.001 B- Abnormality in Communication 100% 100% 6.7% 0% <.001 C- Restricted, Repetitive Behaviors 33.3% 37.5% 0% 50% <.001 D-Abnormality Before 36 Mos. 83.3% 50% 8.9% 50% <.001 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],Implications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Limitations](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mandelldavid-validityoftheadirinanadultinpatientpopulation-5-14-10-100818154020-phpapp02/85/Validity-of-the-Adi-r-in-an-Adult-Inpatient-Population-5-14-10-1-320.jpg)
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This document provides an overview of multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. It discusses the importance of understanding the biology and clinical course of both MS and EAE to effectively model and translate findings from animals to humans. It highlights challenges with failure to translate preclinical findings, including using models and studies that do not accurately reflect human disease. The document emphasizes the need for rigorous experimental design, reporting, and application of the 3Rs to improve modelling of MS and outcomes of drug development efforts.
in the national AIDS behavioral surveys sample of 2673 adult heteros.pdf
in the national AIDS behavioral surveys sample of 2673 adult heterosexual, .2% (thats .0002 as a
decimal fraction) had both received a blood transfusion, and had a sexual partner from a group at
high risk of AIDS. explain why we cant use the large-sample confidence interval to estimate the
proportion p in the population who share these two risk factors.
Solution
Due to personal bias and non response bias, the results so obtained from the
sample are more likely to be under estimates. Some respondents may underreport
to the question whether they had a sexual partner from a group at high risk of AIDS
because of embarrassment and fear or they may forgot or not know the details of
their own or partners status of blood transfusion. Since the results are underestimates
use of large-sample confidence interval to estimate the population proportion p is
not appropriate..
Poster_Yalin_SummerPosterDay2016_VAR
The study found that:
1) Healthy drinkers made more impulsive choices on a delay discounting task when peers chose the impulsive option compared to when peers chose the non-impulsive option or their choices weren't shown.
2) Individuals higher in self-reported impulsivity based on a personality questionnaire were more susceptible to peer influence.
3) Measures of suggestibility and conformity from a separate questionnaire correlated with higher scores on impulsivity and neuroticism.
Chapter 14 Adults with Acquired Physical Conditions
This document discusses contexts in which augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) has evolved to support more people with acquired physical conditions. It notes trends like longer lifespans that increase the population with disabilities and conditions requiring AAC. Technological advances like mobile devices are both expanding access to AAC and changing service delivery models. Specific conditions discussed include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and brainstem impairment from causes like stroke. For ALS, early monitoring of speech is important to determine when to introduce AAC. While most accept AAC, some initially reject or delay acceptance due to factors like family resistance. Eye tracking is a popular access method that many ALS users continue long-term. Brainstem impairment can cause complete
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) & Latest Research Findings -...
ADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood that is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is caused by abnormalities in dopamine neurotransmission in the brain. The symptoms must be present before age 7 and in multiple environments. It is diagnosed through clinical interviews and behavioral rating scales. Treatments include behavioral therapy, medication, and accommodations to help those with ADHD function better. ADHD often persists into adulthood if not properly treated as a child.
0808 pp cns_ert_adhd
This document is an abstract for an expert roundtable supplement on best practices in diagnosing and treating adult ADHD. It discusses key points about the epidemiology of adult ADHD, including that approximately 4% of US adults have ADHD. It also notes that adults with ADHD experience significant impairments in executive functioning and adaptive functioning. Further, most adults with ADHD have at least one comorbid psychiatric disorder, making diagnosis and treatment more complex. The roundtable aims to review epidemiology data on adult ADHD, discuss common impairments, and consider differential diagnoses and common comorbidities.
Returning genetic research results in neurodevelopmental disorders: report an...
This report originated from discussions at the Annual Brain Development Conference in
late 2013 between researchers in the Neuroethics Core and Autism Spectrum Disorders
Project of NeuroDevNet. Discussants felt that return of research results is a pertinent
issue but that researchers are missing a comprehensive picture of the recommendations,
approaches and empirical data related to the return of research results in genetics studies
in children, in neurodevelopmental disorders, and specifically in autism.
This report provides an overview of recent genetic studies of autism spectrum disorder
(ASD), and reviews the ethical guidance (policies and peer-reviewed literature) and
best practices on the return of individual research results in adult and pediatric genetic
research. We focus on this case because of the wealth of genetic research being
carried out in families and cohorts to explain the etiology of ASD and because there is a
burgeoning literature on parental perspectives on the return of results in this case. The
empirical perspectives are collected and summarized and provide context with regard to
researcher and parent perspectives on the return of genetic results in ASD studies.
We conclude by making recommendations about the return of both incidental and
ASD-related findings and highlight issues that merit further discussion, including the
role of the child or adolescent with developmental disability in decision-making, and
the importance of risk communication. We believe that the report will be of use not only
for those working in the area of ASD but more broadly in the field of pediatric genetic
research and neurodevelopmental disorder research. For example, the publication of new
evidence showing that genetic alterations play an important role in the etiology of cerebral
palsy in some children means that genetic research may becoming increasingly common
in other areas of the study of neurodevelopmental disorders.
ADHD in children.pptx
This document provides an overview of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. It defines ASD and outlines its diagnostic criteria, including persistent deficits in social communication/interaction and restricted/repetitive behaviors. Risk factors for ASD are discussed, such as genetic factors, maternal health conditions, and advanced parental age. The document also reviews ASD prevalence, onset patterns, co-occurring conditions, and treatment options.
Newly Proposed Technique for Autism Spectrum Disorder based Machine Learning
Newly Proposed Technique for Autism Spectrum Disorder based Machine LearningAIRCC Publishing Corporation
The rapid growth in the number of autism disorder among toddlers needs for the development of easily implemented and effective screening methods. In this current era, the causes of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) do not know yet, however, the diagnosis and detection of ASD is based on behaviours and symptoms. This paper aims to improve ASD disease prediction accuracy among toddlers by using the Logistic Regression model of Machine Learning, through the collected health care dataset and by using an algorithm for rapid classification of the behaviours to check whether the children are having autism diseases or not according to information in the dataset. Therefore, Machine Learning decreasing the time needed to detect the disorder, then providing the necessary health services early for infected toddlers to enhance their lifestyle. In healthcare, most machine learning applications are in the research stage, and to take the advantage of emerging software tools that incorporate artificial intelligence, healthcare organizations first need to overcome a variety of challenges.
Steve Salloway
The document discusses the new diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and presents four case studies to illustrate how the new criteria would be applied. The new criteria recognize AD as a multi-stage disease spanning preclinical, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia phases. Biomarkers like amyloid PET scans and CSF analysis are playing an increasing role in diagnosis but issues remain around who should be tested, reimbursement, and communicating risk without treatment options.
Similar to Validity of the Adi r in an Adult Inpatient Population 5.14.10 (20)
Increased prevalence of binocular visual disorders and optic neuropathy in ch...
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Exploring Advances in the Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer Disease ...
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ADHD - Diagnoses, Epidemiology & Precision Treatment - IMMH 2014
ADHD - Diagnoses, Epidemiology & Precision Treatment - IMMH 2014
in the national AIDS behavioral surveys sample of 2673 adult heteros.pdf
in the national AIDS behavioral surveys sample of 2673 adult heteros.pdf
Chapter 14 Adults with Acquired Physical Conditions
Chapter 14 Adults with Acquired Physical Conditions
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) & Latest Research Findings -...
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Returning genetic research results in neurodevelopmental disorders: report an...
Returning genetic research results in neurodevelopmental disorders: report an...
Newly Proposed Technique for Autism Spectrum Disorder based Machine Learning
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This study analyzed insurance claims data from before and after the implementation of the Federal Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act to examine the effects of parity on substance use disorder treatment. The results showed:
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3) This suggests that concerns about parity greatly increasing health care costs related to substance use disorder treatment were unfounded.Epstein,andy ispor poster_2013
This study analyzed insurance claims data from before and after the implementation of the Federal Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act to examine the effects of parity on substance use disorder treatment. The results showed:
1) There was no change in the use of substance use disorder services or the total annual spending per enrollee on these services (which increased by only $10 per enrollee).
2) There was also no change in out-of-pocket spending for substance use disorder treatment users or several HEDIS quality measures related to identification and initiation of treatment.
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