This document provides technical guidelines for performing ultrasound of the wrist joint. It describes the scanning approach including using a linear probe at 7-12 MHz frequency. It discusses scanning the wrist in both dorsal and ventral aspects in multiple planes including transverse, longitudinal, and with dynamic motion. For the dorsal wrist, it describes visualizing the 6 extensor tendon compartments and associated structures like nerves, arteries and ligaments. For the ventral wrist, it outlines scanning the proximal and distal carpal tunnel to view flexor tendons, nerves and other soft tissues.
This document provides an overview of various medical imaging modalities including their physics principles, capabilities, limitations and artifacts. It discusses x-rays/radiography, CT, and MRI. For each modality, it explains how images are generated, advantages, limitations including radiation dose for CT and need for patient cooperation/stillness for MRI. It emphasizes understanding limitations to avoid "wishful thinking" and making diagnoses from suboptimal studies.
The document is notes on information theory and coding created by Akshansh Chaudhary based on lectures from Dr. Anand Kumar. It includes disclaimers about the accuracy of the information and reserves the right to modify or limit access to the content. The notes were created in 2014 and cover topics related to information theory and coding.
This document provides a 10-step evaluation of important anatomical variants and landmarks on pre-operative sinus CT scans. It aims to illustrate critical variants that could predispose patients to surgical complications. Each step examines a different anatomic structure, identifying normal variants and their implications. The final section describes the radiologist's goal of reporting on sinus opacification, drainage pathways, anatomical variants including critical ones, and surrounding soft tissues. The document uses CT images to demonstrate key anatomical features and variants addressed in each step.
The document discusses the anatomy and imaging of the paranasal sinuses. It begins with the embryology of the sinuses, noting that the maxillary, ethmoid, and frontal sinuses develop from invaginations of the nasal cavity into bones. The anatomy sections describe each of the four major sinuses - maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal - as well as other structures like the osteomeatal complex and nasal passages. Variations in anatomy are also covered. Imaging modalities for evaluating the sinuses include conventional radiography, CT, and MRI, with CT considered the gold standard.
This document discusses monopole antennas. It begins by explaining that a monopole antenna is half of a dipole antenna mounted above a ground plane. Using image theory, the fields of a monopole antenna above a ground plane are equivalent to a dipole antenna of twice the length in free space. The impedance of a monopole antenna is half that of a dipole antenna of the same length. Effects of a finite ground plane are also discussed, noting that the radiation pattern becomes skewed away from the horizontal plane for small ground planes.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses beamforming techniques for wireless networks. It begins with an introduction to beamforming and its benefits, including increasing signal energy towards the intended user and decreasing interference elsewhere. It then covers various beamforming concepts and algorithms, including adaptive beamforming, switched beamforming antennas, and algorithms for beamforming like LMS, RLS, and CGM. It discusses applications of beamforming such as improving reflector illumination, nulling out interferers with array-fed reflector antennas, and multi-user downlink transmission. Finally, it provides conclusions and references related to beamforming antennas and wireless networks.
This document provides technical guidelines for performing ultrasound of the wrist joint. It describes the scanning approach including using a linear probe at 7-12 MHz frequency. It discusses scanning the wrist in both dorsal and ventral aspects in multiple planes including transverse, longitudinal, and with dynamic motion. For the dorsal wrist, it describes visualizing the 6 extensor tendon compartments and associated structures like nerves, arteries and ligaments. For the ventral wrist, it outlines scanning the proximal and distal carpal tunnel to view flexor tendons, nerves and other soft tissues.
This document provides an overview of various medical imaging modalities including their physics principles, capabilities, limitations and artifacts. It discusses x-rays/radiography, CT, and MRI. For each modality, it explains how images are generated, advantages, limitations including radiation dose for CT and need for patient cooperation/stillness for MRI. It emphasizes understanding limitations to avoid "wishful thinking" and making diagnoses from suboptimal studies.
The document is notes on information theory and coding created by Akshansh Chaudhary based on lectures from Dr. Anand Kumar. It includes disclaimers about the accuracy of the information and reserves the right to modify or limit access to the content. The notes were created in 2014 and cover topics related to information theory and coding.
This document provides a 10-step evaluation of important anatomical variants and landmarks on pre-operative sinus CT scans. It aims to illustrate critical variants that could predispose patients to surgical complications. Each step examines a different anatomic structure, identifying normal variants and their implications. The final section describes the radiologist's goal of reporting on sinus opacification, drainage pathways, anatomical variants including critical ones, and surrounding soft tissues. The document uses CT images to demonstrate key anatomical features and variants addressed in each step.
The document discusses the anatomy and imaging of the paranasal sinuses. It begins with the embryology of the sinuses, noting that the maxillary, ethmoid, and frontal sinuses develop from invaginations of the nasal cavity into bones. The anatomy sections describe each of the four major sinuses - maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal - as well as other structures like the osteomeatal complex and nasal passages. Variations in anatomy are also covered. Imaging modalities for evaluating the sinuses include conventional radiography, CT, and MRI, with CT considered the gold standard.
This document discusses monopole antennas. It begins by explaining that a monopole antenna is half of a dipole antenna mounted above a ground plane. Using image theory, the fields of a monopole antenna above a ground plane are equivalent to a dipole antenna of twice the length in free space. The impedance of a monopole antenna is half that of a dipole antenna of the same length. Effects of a finite ground plane are also discussed, noting that the radiation pattern becomes skewed away from the horizontal plane for small ground planes.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses beamforming techniques for wireless networks. It begins with an introduction to beamforming and its benefits, including increasing signal energy towards the intended user and decreasing interference elsewhere. It then covers various beamforming concepts and algorithms, including adaptive beamforming, switched beamforming antennas, and algorithms for beamforming like LMS, RLS, and CGM. It discusses applications of beamforming such as improving reflector illumination, nulling out interferers with array-fed reflector antennas, and multi-user downlink transmission. Finally, it provides conclusions and references related to beamforming antennas and wireless networks.
This document discusses various medical imaging techniques including ultrasound, radionuclide imaging, and MRI. It focuses on the basic principles and applications of diagnostic ultrasound. Ultrasound uses high frequency sound waves that are transmitted into the body and reflected back, allowing the formation of sectional images. Doppler ultrasound can measure blood flow velocities. The document explains ultrasound modes like A-mode, B-mode, and M-mode displays and how they visualize anatomical structures and assess movement over time.
What is Magnetron? Working Principle of Balanced Bolometer Bridge method for ...AL- AMIN
What is Magnetron?
Working Principle of Balanced Bolometer Bridge method for Low Power Measurement.
How can we extend the bolometer method for high microwave Power Measurement?
Working principle of calorimeter wattmeter method for High power Measurement.
This document is a thesis submitted by Mohammed Abuibaid to Kocaeli University regarding adaptive beam-forming. It discusses various beam-forming techniques including switched array antennas, DSP-based phase manipulation, and beamforming by precoding. It also covers adaptive beamforming algorithms such as LMS, NLMS, RLS, and CM. Various beam patterns generated by these algorithms are presented. The document motivates the need for adaptive beamforming and 3D beamforming to improve energy efficiency in wireless networks.
The document provides an anatomy overview of the neck, including:
1. It describes the neck spaces such as the suprahyoid spaces (sublingual, submandibular, buccal, masticator, parotid), infrahyoid spaces (visceral, anterior cervical, posterior cervical), and spaces extending the length of the neck (carotid, retropharyngeal, danger, peri-vertebral).
2. It discusses the layers of deep cervical fascia and their boundaries and contents.
3. It provides an overview of the anatomy of structures in the neck including the pharynx, larynx, and lymph nodes.
The document discusses various methods for implementing finite state machines in VHDL, including Moore and Mealy machines. It describes explicit and implicit state machines, and how to add reset functionality. Explicit state machines use a state signal in the code, while implicit state machines do not contain an explicit state signal. Reset is added by testing for the reset signal after each wait statement in an implicit state machine process, or by adding reset logic to the state transition logic in an explicit state machine.
Ultrasound uses high frequency sound waves to produce images of the inside of the body. There are different modes of ultrasound including A-mode which displays amplitude over time, B-mode which produces two-dimensional images, and M-mode which depicts motion over time. Modern ultrasound systems can produce real-time 2D and 3D images using piezoelectric crystals and array transducers. Doppler ultrasound measures the frequency shift of reflected sound to analyze blood flow velocity.
Presentation1.pptx, radiological imaging of the nasopharyngeal diseases.Abdellah Nazeer
This document discusses various diseases of the nasopharynx seen on radiological imaging. It includes MRI and CT scans showing abscesses, inflammatory pseudotumors, carcinomas, lymphomas, sarcomas and other rare tumors in the nasopharynx such as teratomas, chordomas and paragangliomas. Classification and characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma are also covered, noting it is most common in East Asia and associated with Epstein-Barr virus. Images demonstrate features of local invasion and extension to surrounding structures.
Noice canclellation using adaptive filters with adpative algorithms(LMS,NLMS,...Brati Sundar Nanda
This document discusses and compares various adaptive filtering algorithms for noise cancellation, including LMS, NLMS, RLS, and APA. It finds that RLS converges the fastest but has the highest complexity, while LMS converges the slowest but is simplest. NLMS and APA provide a balance between convergence speed and complexity. The document implements these algorithms on a noise cancellation problem and finds that RLS achieves the highest SNR improvement and best noise cancellation, followed by APA, NLMS, and LMS.
Cassettes contain intensifying screens and hold film during x-ray examinations. Intensifying screens convert a small percentage of x-ray photons that pass through the patient into visible light photons, which expose the film. This process increases the number of photons available to expose the film while significantly reducing the radiation dose to the patient compared to directly exposing the film. Modern rare earth screens are most efficient at this conversion but provide less image detail than earlier calcium tungstate screens or direct exposure of film.
In this Presentation we talk about :-
What is PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System).
Functions carried out by PACS.
Storage Devices in PACS
RAID Techniques
Cloud Based PACS
The document describes the anatomy of the larynx based on a radiology report. It discusses the boundaries and divisions of the larynx and describes the cartilages that make up the laryngeal framework, including the thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid cartilages. It also summarizes the imaging appearance of the larynx on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
PNS (Para-nasal-sinuses) anatomy and variantsDr. Mohit Goel
This document describes the anatomy seen on different types of sinus CT scans, including coronal, axial, and sagittal views. It discusses key structures like the frontal sinus, ethmoid air cells, sphenoid sinus, and osteomeatal complex. It also describes common anatomical variations such as septal deviations, agger nasi cells, variations in the uncinate process, and pneumatized middle turbinates (concha bullosa). The goal is to understand normal sinus anatomy and common anatomic variations that can affect sinus drainage and development of disease.
Ultrasound is produced by piezoelectric crystals in transducers that convert electrical pulses into sound waves and received echoes into electrical signals. Transducers operate in shock, burst, or continuous excitation modes. The piezoelectric crystals resonate at specific frequencies determined by their thickness and composition. Damping materials in transducers shorten pulse duration to improve image resolution by reducing echo overlap. Transducers use the pulse-echo principle to transmit sound pulses into the body and receive returning echoes to create ultrasound images.
Embedded biomedical project titles: prepared by KENENI BENTI from ETHIOPIAbme lion
This document outlines biomedical engineering projects focused on developing embedded systems for healthcare applications. It lists over 100 project codes and titles across two domains: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering and bio-medical based projects. The projects involve developing sensors, monitors and other devices for applications such as fetal heart rate detection, prosthetic limb control, fall detection, respiratory monitoring and more using technologies like ATMEL, PIC and ARM microcontrollers. The document emphasizes 100% output and quality assurance from practical training on all domains.
This frequency selective wave analyser has a narrow pass band filter that can be precisely tuned to measure the amplitude of a single frequency component in the audio range of 20Hz to 20KHz. Precision potentiometers tune the filter to the desired frequency, while close tolerance capacitors select the frequency range. The instrument drives the selected signal to a meter circuit and optional buffer amplifier, and has a very narrow 1% bandwidth for accurate measurement.
Blind audio source separation based on time-frequency structure modelsKitamura Laboratory
Daichi Kitamura, "Blind audio source separation based on time-frequency structure models," Invited Overview Session in Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC 2021), Tokyo, Japan, December 2021.
The document discusses the ideal operational amplifier (op-amp) model. It is summarized as follows:
1) An ideal op-amp has infinite input resistance, zero output resistance, and an open-loop gain that approaches infinity.
2) The input of an ideal op-amp is the difference between the voltages at its two terminals, not with respect to ground. It amplifies only the differential mode between its inputs.
3) An ideal op-amp can amplify signals at all frequencies with infinite bandwidth due to its perfect attributes.
This is a force sensitive resistor with a round, 0.5" diameter, sensing area. This FSR will vary its resistance depending on how much pressure is being applied to the sensing area. The harder the force, the lower the resistance. When no pressure is being applied to the FSR its resistance will be larger than 1M. This FSR can sense applied force anywhere in the range of 100g-10kg.
This document discusses various medical imaging techniques including ultrasound, radionuclide imaging, and MRI. It focuses on the basic principles and applications of diagnostic ultrasound. Ultrasound uses high frequency sound waves that are transmitted into the body and reflected back, allowing the formation of sectional images. Doppler ultrasound can measure blood flow velocities. The document explains ultrasound modes like A-mode, B-mode, and M-mode displays and how they visualize anatomical structures and assess movement over time.
What is Magnetron? Working Principle of Balanced Bolometer Bridge method for ...AL- AMIN
What is Magnetron?
Working Principle of Balanced Bolometer Bridge method for Low Power Measurement.
How can we extend the bolometer method for high microwave Power Measurement?
Working principle of calorimeter wattmeter method for High power Measurement.
This document is a thesis submitted by Mohammed Abuibaid to Kocaeli University regarding adaptive beam-forming. It discusses various beam-forming techniques including switched array antennas, DSP-based phase manipulation, and beamforming by precoding. It also covers adaptive beamforming algorithms such as LMS, NLMS, RLS, and CM. Various beam patterns generated by these algorithms are presented. The document motivates the need for adaptive beamforming and 3D beamforming to improve energy efficiency in wireless networks.
The document provides an anatomy overview of the neck, including:
1. It describes the neck spaces such as the suprahyoid spaces (sublingual, submandibular, buccal, masticator, parotid), infrahyoid spaces (visceral, anterior cervical, posterior cervical), and spaces extending the length of the neck (carotid, retropharyngeal, danger, peri-vertebral).
2. It discusses the layers of deep cervical fascia and their boundaries and contents.
3. It provides an overview of the anatomy of structures in the neck including the pharynx, larynx, and lymph nodes.
The document discusses various methods for implementing finite state machines in VHDL, including Moore and Mealy machines. It describes explicit and implicit state machines, and how to add reset functionality. Explicit state machines use a state signal in the code, while implicit state machines do not contain an explicit state signal. Reset is added by testing for the reset signal after each wait statement in an implicit state machine process, or by adding reset logic to the state transition logic in an explicit state machine.
Ultrasound uses high frequency sound waves to produce images of the inside of the body. There are different modes of ultrasound including A-mode which displays amplitude over time, B-mode which produces two-dimensional images, and M-mode which depicts motion over time. Modern ultrasound systems can produce real-time 2D and 3D images using piezoelectric crystals and array transducers. Doppler ultrasound measures the frequency shift of reflected sound to analyze blood flow velocity.
Presentation1.pptx, radiological imaging of the nasopharyngeal diseases.Abdellah Nazeer
This document discusses various diseases of the nasopharynx seen on radiological imaging. It includes MRI and CT scans showing abscesses, inflammatory pseudotumors, carcinomas, lymphomas, sarcomas and other rare tumors in the nasopharynx such as teratomas, chordomas and paragangliomas. Classification and characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma are also covered, noting it is most common in East Asia and associated with Epstein-Barr virus. Images demonstrate features of local invasion and extension to surrounding structures.
Noice canclellation using adaptive filters with adpative algorithms(LMS,NLMS,...Brati Sundar Nanda
This document discusses and compares various adaptive filtering algorithms for noise cancellation, including LMS, NLMS, RLS, and APA. It finds that RLS converges the fastest but has the highest complexity, while LMS converges the slowest but is simplest. NLMS and APA provide a balance between convergence speed and complexity. The document implements these algorithms on a noise cancellation problem and finds that RLS achieves the highest SNR improvement and best noise cancellation, followed by APA, NLMS, and LMS.
Cassettes contain intensifying screens and hold film during x-ray examinations. Intensifying screens convert a small percentage of x-ray photons that pass through the patient into visible light photons, which expose the film. This process increases the number of photons available to expose the film while significantly reducing the radiation dose to the patient compared to directly exposing the film. Modern rare earth screens are most efficient at this conversion but provide less image detail than earlier calcium tungstate screens or direct exposure of film.
In this Presentation we talk about :-
What is PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System).
Functions carried out by PACS.
Storage Devices in PACS
RAID Techniques
Cloud Based PACS
The document describes the anatomy of the larynx based on a radiology report. It discusses the boundaries and divisions of the larynx and describes the cartilages that make up the laryngeal framework, including the thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid cartilages. It also summarizes the imaging appearance of the larynx on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
PNS (Para-nasal-sinuses) anatomy and variantsDr. Mohit Goel
This document describes the anatomy seen on different types of sinus CT scans, including coronal, axial, and sagittal views. It discusses key structures like the frontal sinus, ethmoid air cells, sphenoid sinus, and osteomeatal complex. It also describes common anatomical variations such as septal deviations, agger nasi cells, variations in the uncinate process, and pneumatized middle turbinates (concha bullosa). The goal is to understand normal sinus anatomy and common anatomic variations that can affect sinus drainage and development of disease.
Ultrasound is produced by piezoelectric crystals in transducers that convert electrical pulses into sound waves and received echoes into electrical signals. Transducers operate in shock, burst, or continuous excitation modes. The piezoelectric crystals resonate at specific frequencies determined by their thickness and composition. Damping materials in transducers shorten pulse duration to improve image resolution by reducing echo overlap. Transducers use the pulse-echo principle to transmit sound pulses into the body and receive returning echoes to create ultrasound images.
Embedded biomedical project titles: prepared by KENENI BENTI from ETHIOPIAbme lion
This document outlines biomedical engineering projects focused on developing embedded systems for healthcare applications. It lists over 100 project codes and titles across two domains: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering and bio-medical based projects. The projects involve developing sensors, monitors and other devices for applications such as fetal heart rate detection, prosthetic limb control, fall detection, respiratory monitoring and more using technologies like ATMEL, PIC and ARM microcontrollers. The document emphasizes 100% output and quality assurance from practical training on all domains.
This frequency selective wave analyser has a narrow pass band filter that can be precisely tuned to measure the amplitude of a single frequency component in the audio range of 20Hz to 20KHz. Precision potentiometers tune the filter to the desired frequency, while close tolerance capacitors select the frequency range. The instrument drives the selected signal to a meter circuit and optional buffer amplifier, and has a very narrow 1% bandwidth for accurate measurement.
Blind audio source separation based on time-frequency structure modelsKitamura Laboratory
Daichi Kitamura, "Blind audio source separation based on time-frequency structure models," Invited Overview Session in Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC 2021), Tokyo, Japan, December 2021.
The document discusses the ideal operational amplifier (op-amp) model. It is summarized as follows:
1) An ideal op-amp has infinite input resistance, zero output resistance, and an open-loop gain that approaches infinity.
2) The input of an ideal op-amp is the difference between the voltages at its two terminals, not with respect to ground. It amplifies only the differential mode between its inputs.
3) An ideal op-amp can amplify signals at all frequencies with infinite bandwidth due to its perfect attributes.
This is a force sensitive resistor with a round, 0.5" diameter, sensing area. This FSR will vary its resistance depending on how much pressure is being applied to the sensing area. The harder the force, the lower the resistance. When no pressure is being applied to the FSR its resistance will be larger than 1M. This FSR can sense applied force anywhere in the range of 100g-10kg.
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