The document discusses the issues of clean drinking water and sanitation in India. It notes that 36% of the world's population lacks improved sanitation and 768 million people use unsafe drinking water. It outlines causes such as water pollution and lack of awareness. Solutions proposed include installing solar-powered water pumps and raising awareness. Challenges include high costs, changing policies, and lack of technical skills, but mitigation efforts like private sector investment, training, and laws can help address these challenges.

1. TOWARDS CLEANER INDIA
PROVIDING CLEAN DRINKING WATER
AND PROPER SANITATION FACILITY
PRESENTED BY
ISHI ARYA
ARSHITA ARVIND
SWAPNIL MISHRA
MOHD. SHAHNAWAZ
FARHAN HAIDER ZAIDI

2. SCOPE OF THE PROBLEM
• 36% of world’s population lacked improved sanitation
facility.
• 768 million people still use unsafe drinking water sources.
• More than 3.4 million people die each year from water,
sanitation, and hygiene-related causes.sanitation, and hygiene-related causes.
• Of the 60 million people added to the world's towns and
cities every year, most move to informal settlements (i.e.
slums) with no sanitation facilities.
• Every year, 1.5 million children die due to diarrhea caused
by the combined effects of inadequate sanitation, unsafe
water supply, and poor personal hygiene.

4. CAUSES
Clean drinking water-
• Salivation of drinking water.
• Increased consumption of water.
• Global warming and decreased rainfall.
• Water pollution by industrial and domestic wastes.• Water pollution by industrial and domestic wastes.
Sanitation-
• Unawareness, misconceptions.
• Poverty, personal habits and lack of facilities.

6. PROCEDURE
• A protected hole is drilled 100m down into the earth to
reach a water source.
• An electric motor charged by the solar panels, in turn,
powers an underground water pump.
• This pump can draw up to 30,000 litres of clean, fresh
water, every single day.
• All of this fresh water is stored in a water tank.• All of this fresh water is stored in a water tank.
• The tank is then connected to water pumps and taps
around the village by a system of pipes.
• Every house has a pipeline attached to its terrace as well
so as to harvest the rain water during the rainy seasons
when the solar panels do not work.
• This technique can be easily adopted in rural as well as
urban areas.

7. SOLUTIONS
• Awareness and participation
• Installation of solar water pumps in drought affected areas as
well as areas having scarcity of water.
Applications:
• clean water supply
• livestock watering
• irrigation• irrigation
Merits:
• unattended operation, no fuel cost, low maintenance, easy
installation, long life(20 years)
• easy access to fresh and clean water
• life, free from water-borne diseases
• clean water will also be useful in sanitation

8. IMPLEMENTATION
• funding for solar water pumps by the govt. to be set up
which even comprises of rainwater harvesting techniques.
• An integrated approach of the govt. to create a demand for
sanitation and hygiene promotion, groundwater
conservation and rainwater harvesting .e.g., five year
plans.plans.
• effective decentralization for empowering local
communities, NGOs, panchayati raj ,gram panchayats,
municipal corporations, etc.
• special provisions for collection,transport and disposal of
waste-a cleaner India.

9. CHALLENGES
• high capital cost
• Repair require skilled technicians
• Continuously changing govt. policies
• Unavailability of technologies and its know how• Unavailability of technologies and its know how
• Proper maintenance
• unaccepting attitude of public
• Corruption

10. MITIGATION
• Private sector firms must take initiative by investing
in this project.
• Proper training and knowledge must be imparted.
• Creative and innovative campaign.
• Stringent laws must be passed to avoid hindrance
• Continuation of project despite the political parties.
• Nirmal shahar puraskar is awarded for recognizing
sanitation initiative of cities by GOI.

11. REFERENCES
• http://sanitationupdates.wordpress.com/2009/09/22/india-poor-sanitation-
and-water-contamination/
• http://www.slideshare.net/purohit1323/sanitation-in-india-12066973
• http://www.google.co.in/#newwindow=1&q=water+and+sanitation+problems+• http://www.google.co.in/#newwindow=1&q=water+and+sanitation+problems+
in+india&safe=off
• http://practicalaction.org/health-and-hygiene-education-1
• http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11755/
• https://www.google.co.in/#newwindow=1&q=methods+to+promote+sanitation
&safe=off

12. THANK YOU