Lone Mountain is a property that has a history of mining and mineral exploration - this presentation covers the geology, history, and potential of one of Nevadas many mines
Given to the Gold Prospectors Association of America in 2018 this talk illustrates a workflow on how to research, evaluate and put together a resource prospect. it is designed to be from the type of individual who is planning a trip, how do they use the tools available to find and look for rocks and minerals.
Petroleum Geology of Wyoming - Rocky Mountain Landman Institute 2016Mike Bingle-Davis
Presentation given to the RMLI on the petroleum history of Wyoming. Using geologic time and field specific examples we cover the types of petroleum fields seen in Wyoming.
2015 Broken Hill Resources Investment Symposium - Geological Survey of New So...Symposium
"Uncovering the Curnamona and Surround: A New South Wales Perspective."
Phil Gilmore, Senior Geoscientist, Geological Survey of New South Wales.
Technical presentation at 2015 Broken Hill Resources Investment symposium.
Given to the Gold Prospectors Association of America in 2018 this talk illustrates a workflow on how to research, evaluate and put together a resource prospect. it is designed to be from the type of individual who is planning a trip, how do they use the tools available to find and look for rocks and minerals.
Petroleum Geology of Wyoming - Rocky Mountain Landman Institute 2016Mike Bingle-Davis
Presentation given to the RMLI on the petroleum history of Wyoming. Using geologic time and field specific examples we cover the types of petroleum fields seen in Wyoming.
2015 Broken Hill Resources Investment Symposium - Geological Survey of New So...Symposium
"Uncovering the Curnamona and Surround: A New South Wales Perspective."
Phil Gilmore, Senior Geoscientist, Geological Survey of New South Wales.
Technical presentation at 2015 Broken Hill Resources Investment symposium.
Dr Mary Macleod - Small scale excavations were carried out on Machair Bharabhais between 1979 and 2001, by Trevor Cowie, and Mary MacLeod. These are finally being brought together for analysis and publication.
The Making of the High Weald explores the natural and human interactions which have shaped the landscape of the High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB)
Review of the geological setting, genesis, exploration criteria, and uranium supply/demand. Concludes with a review of paradigm shifts in uranium exploration process over time.
Geological Survey of South Australia | RIS2014 Broken Hill Industry PresentationSymposium
Geological Survey of South Australia -Industry presentation delivered at the 4th annual Resources Investment Symposium held in Broken Hill NSW Australia, 26-28 May 2014.
Dr Mary Macleod - Small scale excavations were carried out on Machair Bharabhais between 1979 and 2001, by Trevor Cowie, and Mary MacLeod. These are finally being brought together for analysis and publication.
The Making of the High Weald explores the natural and human interactions which have shaped the landscape of the High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB)
Review of the geological setting, genesis, exploration criteria, and uranium supply/demand. Concludes with a review of paradigm shifts in uranium exploration process over time.
Geological Survey of South Australia | RIS2014 Broken Hill Industry PresentationSymposium
Geological Survey of South Australia -Industry presentation delivered at the 4th annual Resources Investment Symposium held in Broken Hill NSW Australia, 26-28 May 2014.
ASSESSMENT OF NICKEL MINERALIZATION AT NTAKA HILL IN NACHINGWEA (SEP, 2014) B...Leonidas Mkulas
As the result of my field work conducted at the area, I come out with a full understanding of the matter and mineralization of the aea which include not only nickel but also graphite and Gold, as you can read in my slides.
Leonidas Kairu
Extraordinary Spaces: Site-Specific Collections and Their ChallengesWest Muse
Historic and other site-specific spaces open to the public offer a genuine and comprehensive look into a particular collection and time period. The site is part of that experience. However, for better or worse these sites are not set up as conventional exhibition spaces. One of the main questions we will address is where to draw the line between retaining the authenticity of the experience vs. protecting the objects, the site, and the visitors? In this session we will discuss topics such as housing collections in non-climate controlled spaces, object displays, balancing visitor access with the preservation of the collection and the site, how to incorporate signage, working with a limited or volunteer staff, and on-going conservation and restoration needs. A variety of unique spaces will be presented to address these issues and more as each site has a host of specific circumstances particular to each place that standard exhibition spaces do not have to worry about.
http://www.spiderresources.com - Neil D. Novak P.Geo. gives a history of the James Bay Lowlands of Ontario, (1960’s to 2010) to a group of Students as part of an industry mineral exploration workshop
Plate Tectonics
Chapter 19
Plate Tectonics
• Plate tectonics - Earth’s surface composed thick plates that move
• Intense geologic activity is concentrated at plate boundaries
• Combination of continental drift and seafloor spreading hypotheses
proposed in late 1960s
Review: Three Types of Plate Boundaries
Transform Convergent Divergent
(strike-slip) (subduction) (spreading)
But how do we
know that plates
move at all ?
Early Case for Continental Drift
• Puzzle-piece fit of
coastlines of Africa and
South America has long
been known
•In early 1900s, Alfred Wegner noted South America, Africa, India,
Antarctica, and Australia have almost identical rocks and fossils
Early Case for Continental Drift
– Glossopteris (plant),
Lystrosaurus and
Cynognathus (animals)
fossils found on all five
continents
– Mesosaurus (reptile)
fossils found in Brazil and
South Africa only
Glaciers
• Most of the Earth's ice is found in Antarctic continental glacier.
• Where are some other continental glaciers ?
• Glacial striations on a
rock from stones grinding at
the base of a heavy ice sheet
leave these shiny linear
marks on the bedrock below.
Glacial Characteristics
• Glaciers flow downhill as a solid mass that creates channels, and
walls made of ground up rock debris known as a merraine.
Erosional Landscapes
• Erosional landforms produced by
valley glaciers include:
– U-shaped valleys
– Hanging valleys
• Smaller tributary glacial valleys
left stranded above more
quickly eroded central valleys
Early Case for Continental Drift
• Wegner reassembled continents into
the supercontinent Pangaea
• Late Paleozoic glaciation patterns on
southern continents best explained by
their reconstruction into (Pangaea)
Gondwanaland
Early Case for Continental Drift
• Coal beds of North America and Europe
indicate Laurasia super continent
• Continental Drift hypothesis initially
rejected
– Wegener could not come up with viable
driving force
– continents should not be able to “plow
through” sea floor rocks
The Earth's Magnetic Field
Can Give Us Clues
Paleomagnetism and Continental Drift Revived
• Studies of rock magnetism allowed
determination of magnetic pole
locations (close to geographic poles)
• Paleomagnetism uses mineral
magnetic alignment and dip angle to
determine the distance to the
magnetic pole when rocks formed
– Steeper dip angles indicate rocks formed
closer to the magnetic poles
• Rocks with increasing age point to
pole locations increasingly far from
present magnetic pole positions
Paleomagnetism and
Continental Drift Revived
• Apparent polar wander curves
for different continents suggested
plate movement !
• Wegner was right!
* Earthquakes .
Salt River Resoures Ltd - SRR presentation 18 July 2008Marius Welthagen
SRR is South Africa's Newest Mineral Oasis: Zn, Cu, Pb, Au, Ag VMS Deposit in the Northern Cape Province of South Africa. Technical Presentation by Dr Craig R. McClung
2015 Broken Hill Resources Investment Symposium - Geological Survey of New So...Symposium
"Broken Hill 1:250000 metallogenic special and revised metamorphic facies-isograd maps".
Dr Joel Fitzherbert, Senior Geoscientist, Geological Survey of New South Wales
Similar to Lone Mountain Geology, History and More (20)
An underrepresented freshwater molluscan faunule: Evidence for broader freshw...Mike Bingle-Davis
Hell Creek Formation
• Famous for its dinosaurs and the K/Pg Boundary
• Part of a southeastward prograding alluvial plain/delta as
the WIS retreated
• Composed of sandstone, siltstone, and lignite
– Lots of thick channel sands and crevasse splays
Waterflooding Petroleum Reservoirs in the Newcastle/Muddy Formation, Powder R...Mike Bingle-Davis
Waterflooding Petroleum Reservoirs in the Newcastle/Muddy Formation, Powder River Basin, Wyoming
Marron Bingle-Davis
Sunshine Valley Petroleum Corporation
Casper, WY
What is a Waterflood?
Primary Production = extracting oil from a reservoir without any additives
Production usually declines over time, sometimes rapidly
Loss of reservoir pressure
20-30% recovery
Secondary Production = treating the reservoir to increase production
Injecting water or gas to push oil
Increases reservoir pressure
50% total recovery, or an extra 20-30%
Water injection = injecting water at higher pressure to push the lighter oil towards a producing well
History of Waterfloods
1860s: Oil fields in Pennsylvania had seeping groundwater
Ruin a well, but production jumped just prior
1880: John Carll announced that if water was deliberately introduced it would increase production
Not regulated, potentially hazardous to water supply
1921: Waterflooding legalized and regulated
1950s: Waterflooding became common practice in most oil fields
Patterns
Waterflood Problems
Reservoir already naturally flooded by formation water so nothing left to sweep
High cost depending on type of reservoir
Heterogeneous reservoir
Rock is mixed lithologies*
Intervals of very high and very low permeability*
High clay content*
* Powder River Basin sandstone intervals
Newcastle/Muddy Formation
In Wyoming (PRB), Montana (PRB, WB), North (WB) and South Dakota (BH)
Transitional marine
Series of fluvial and marine sandstone and shale intervals – very heterogeneous
Each sandstone separated by a shale bed
Oil producer
Different sandstone intervals have produced oil
Sandstone intervals are described separately
North Skull Creek Study Area
Why wasn’t the waterflood successful?
High permeability streaks allowed injected water to continue to sweep these zones leaving the rest untouched – Problem in Newcastle Fm
How to Fix it…
Mix polymers with water to plug up high permeability layers
Forces the injected water into untouched zones = more oil
Shrink/Swell Clays
Injected water makes clays swell
Plugs up formation so no more water can be injected
Add potassium hydroxide (KOH) before injection
Changes clay chemistry
Clays become stable
Common in the Newcastle Fm
Need to add KOH prior to injection – not in North Skull Creek
Conclusions
Extensive geological evaluation before starting a waterflood
Heterogeneity in lithology
Porosity, permeability for connectivity
Calculate pore volume to know how much to inject
Add KOH treatment prior to any injection to stabilize clays
Inject polymers to fix permeability
Increase production from 20-30% recovery to 50% recovery
Blockchain in Industry 4.0 - How the Oil and Gas Industry is Utilizing these ...Mike Bingle-Davis
What is industry 4.0? Where does blockchain technology fall into this? This presentation illustrates what blockchain is, how it is most commonly utilized as currency (i.e. bitcoin) and how it can be applied to other areas of industry.
2016 - A Brief History of the Wyoming Geological AssociationMike Bingle-Davis
A poster presented at the Petroleum History Institute in 2016 and recipient of the Pete Sparks Award. it traces the history of the Wyoming Geological Association from its beginning on December 15th, 1943 by C.J. Hares to the current day.
2014 - Overview of the Mineral Resources of WyomingMike Bingle-Davis
Presented at the Wyoming Geological Association meeting in 2014, this presentation covers in a broad sense what Wyoming has energy, industrial, and aesthetic minerals. It covers what these are, how much Wyoming produces and where.
May 2014 - National Geochemical Database Applicability for ProspectingMike Bingle-Davis
There are numerous databases that were put together in attempt to quantify the mineral and elemental deposits of the United States. These include NURE, HSSR, RASS, NGS, MRDS, and more. This presentation describes what each of these programs are, what they produced, and hoe they are applied to mapping. Lastly, how these databases can be utilized to map potential exploration locations.
GSA 2015 - Computer Based Facies Simulations in Orebodies: Benefits, Drawback...Mike Bingle-Davis
Many computer program packages are available to utilize in geostatistical interpretation. These include VULCAN, PETRA, GEOGRAPHIX, and in the case of this example I will be using SGEMS - a freeware program. Kriging : Derives the best linear estimate of the variable over a given surface. Smoothing properties of interpolation algorithms replace local detail and replace with a good average. Geologists and reservoir engineers / mining conditions require finer scaled details of reservoir heterogeneity – Kriging is the average of numerous realizations, we may want to see these iterations to determine best fit scenarios
Rockhounding - A Combination of Talks Given Over the Past Five YearsMike Bingle-Davis
This is a talk that was given for the Wyoming Geological Association in 2019. it is a summary of talks given to the Gold Prospectors Association of America, Wyoming Association of Professional Landmen, and other groups.
Blockchain in Industry 4.0 - How the Oil and Gas Industry is Utilizing these ...Mike Bingle-Davis
Presented at the American Association of Petroleum Geologists Rocky Mountain Section Meeting in 2019. It gives an overview of what blockchain is, how it works as a secure network, where it can be applied in down, mid, and upstream.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
2. Lone Mountain - Location
•Location
• Geologic Setting
• Tectonics
• Geology
• Stratigraphy / Depositional
• Mining History
• Rip Van Winkle Mine
• Past investigations
• Work summary
• Results
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
3. Location
T37-38N R53E
The Merrimack (Lone Mountain) district is located in Elko County, Nevada
Approximately 25 miles northwest of Elko, Nevada.
Southern end of the Independence Mountains
25 Miles NW Elko, NV
29. History: Intermediary years… 1949-
2006
Lone Mountain – Teck Cominco 2006 Report; Smith, M. and Teck Cominco 2008
Carlin Deposits
Hydrothermal circulation carbonates
Dissolved or converted to sillicates
Dolomite - Jasperoid
Skarn Deposits
Alteration of country rock
Metasomatism in or around
faults
SEDEX Deposits
Hydrothermal ore
bearing fluids into
a water bearing
zone
Jasperoid Gold
Silica/hematite
30. Lone Mountain – Work
Summary
• Location
• Geologic Setting
• Tectonics
• Geology
• Stratigraphy / Depositional
• Mining History
• Rip Van Winkle Mine
• Past investigations
•Work summary
• Results
• Next Steps
700 feet
32. Work Summary
• 81 years of mining and data
• 364 line miles of aeromagnetic
• Gravity geophysics gradient array
/ HEM
• 183 drill holes (84,690 feet)
• 5227 soil samples
• 2035 rock samples
Tech Cominco 2007
33. Lone Mountain Skarn Penn Jasperoid S. Jasperoid Zone N. Ext. Lone Wolf Mine Skarn NE Jasperoid Zone
Lone Mountain – Teck Cominco 2006 Report
Lone Mountain – Work Summary
34. Lone Mountain – Work
Summary
• Location
• Geologic Setting
• Tectonics
• Geology
• Stratigraphy / Depositional
• Mining History
• Rip Van Winkle Mine
• Past investigations
• Work summary
• Results
•Next Steps
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
36. Sources
Behl, R.J. (2018), Deformation of the tectonic erratics at Henderson Summit, Vinini Creek, Mineral
Hill, and Lone Mountain in Eureka County, Nevada – Masters Thesis, California State
University (56pp).
Berger, V.I., Theodore, T.G. (2005), Implications of Stratabound Carlin-Type Gold Deposits in
Paleozoic Rocks of North-Central Nevada: Slide Presentation, USGS 2005
Crafford, A.E.J. (2007), Geologic Map of Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 249, 1
CD-ROM, 46 p., 1 plate; Scale 1:250,000. Extended unit descriptions taken from pamphlet
that accompanies geologic data/map. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ds249
LaPointe, D.D., Tingley, J.V., Jones, R.B. (1990), Mineral Resources of Elko County, Nevada, Nevada
Bureau of Mines and Geology Bulletin 106, (239 pp.)
Late Devonian Blakey, Retrieved 8-2020;
http://geology.isu.edu/Alamo/devonian/antler_orogeny.php
Roberts, R.J., Montgomery, K.M., Lehner, R.E. (1967), Geology and mineral resources of Eureka
County, Nevada, Nevada Bureau of Mines Bulletin 64, (152pp).
Trojan, W.R. (1978), Devonian stratigraphy and depositional environments of the northern
Antelope Range, Eureka County, Nevada – Masters Thesis, Oregon State University (134pp).
Mike Bingle-Davis
Work for Kirkwood Oil and Gas and in the context of this presentation:
NAMMCO - North American Mining and Minerals Corporation
Really like this photo –
Wrong Lone Mountain
Knew of two, the one west of Toonpah in Ely County Nevada
and our location in Elko County
Another Lone Mountain in Eureka to the south – huge location for zinc
Talk not meant to be super technical
An overview
Out of my areas of expertise, worked 5 years in environmental, four years in uranium and six years in oil and gas
Where is Lone Mountain
Tectonically what was happening to the area
Geologically what is there and how it got there
Stratigraphy of Lone Mountain
Exploration and investigations
Works results and next steps
Lone Mountain – known as Nannies Peak
Elko county Nevada approx. 25 miles NW of Elko
Southern end of the Independence Mountains
South to North
Around 30% slope on both sides
West to East
Eastern side gentle, around 5% slope to 24% toward the peak
Western side sharp contrast with 60% slopes, flattening then 35% slopes to base
Maximum elevation of 8,516 and an elevation difference of 4,340 feet
Blue are barite
Red are different deposit types
Carlin Trend 84 million ounces total
Independence / Jerritt Canyon trend 8 million ounces
Early and middle Paleozoic rocks deposited in the north trending Cordilleran geosyncline
Deposition postulated to have occurred in a marginal basin bounded on the west by an island arc system
Located in the gradational facies boundary between the eastern dolomites (deeper waters) and the transitional suite (limestone-clastics) of early to late Devonian (Trojan, 1978)
1. End-Devonian Cordilleran geosyncline covered most of Nevada – volcanics in the in west, carbonates in east and transitional in central
2. Early-Late Devonian orogenic events cause uplift, folding, and erosion in western Nevada – clastics deposited in central Nevada
Lone Mountain located in the gradational facies boundary between the eastern dolomites (deeper waters) and the transitional suite (limestone-clastics) of early to late Devonian
Late Devonian and Early Mississippian continued folding and uplift
3. Antler Orogeny of late Devonian closed the basin and displaced the deep water dolomites eastward onto the shallow water transition limestone-clastics eastward into the basin
Early Late Devonian orogenic events cause uplift, folding, and erosion in western Nevada – clastics deposited in central Nevada
4. This was occurring during and after emplacement of the Roberts Mountains allochthon
ASBOG sample question #18
A tectonic window (or Fenster (lit. "window" in German)) is a geologic structure formed by erosion or normal faulting on a thrust system. In such a system the rock mass (hanging wall block) that has been transported by movement along the thrust is called a nappe.
A kettle is a depression in glacial outwash dift made when a detached ice block melts creating a depression – eastern North Dakota
Nappe, in geology, large body or sheet of rock that has been moved a distance of about 2 km (1.2 miles) or more from its original position by faulting or folding.
Doline is basically a sinkhole
General geological map in Google Earth
See the intrusive rock forming the core
The way in which the limestones, shales, silts are peeking our along the edges
Quaternary fans to the east
Mixed materials to the west
Topographic profile illustrating the slope profiles for the different lithologies
Better Geological map – centered on location
Lone Mountain window is a broad west-plunging, antiform with an east-west
trending axis – antiform meaning a convex shape
Consistent with the large wave-length folds in Independence-Jerritt District
Tertiary quartz monzonite stock
Intruded into Ordovician / Devonian shelf carbonates
Referred to as the Lower Plate
Distal, off-shelf siliciclastic rocks
Referred to as the Upper Plate
Half Window formed by stock and lower plate there is the Fenster
Hornfels (green) ,a fine-grained metamorphic rock, was subjected to the heat of contact metamorphism at a shallow depth
It was "baked" by heat conducted from a nearby magma
Common temperatures for the formation of hornfels range from about 1300 to 1450 degrees Fahrenheit (700 to 800 degrees Celsius)
Skarn in Purple
Rocks that are rich in Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, Mn, Au, Ag, etc.
Form through replacement of the original carbonate rocks
Hydrothermal interaction of hot silicate magma and cool sedimentary rocks
Potential gold mineralization in proximal skarn bodies
Also potential in more distal sediment hosted in the lower plate rocks
Jasperoid is a silica-sulfide metasomatism of dolomite
Dense, purple-black rocks with a considerable amount of pyrite
The host dolomite is intruded hydrothermally by different fluids
Minerals are replaced in the dolomites and often contain metals etc.
Biostratigraphy utilizing brachiopods, conodonts, and corals tie the relative time period and formations
17 mines and prospects in the district
Trenches, surficial, adits (shallow), prospect pits
Locations encircle the peak at an elevation of 8,780’
Initial mineral discovery in 1866
Rip Van Winkle mine responsible for largest production 1939
Many companies conducted exploration as mentioned previously
Ore discovered in 1860’s and mining continued until RVWCMC acquired the property
Flotation Mill Built 65 tons/day
Hydrothermal veins, mineralized faults, replacement deposits
Produced silver, lead, zinc
Down to 700 foot level
Image looking into the z-axis
See shafts from different levels
Max depth 700 foot level
Briefly cover production from the mine
Drilled 5 diamond drill holes
Total of 1,084 feet
600-700 foot levels
Excavated a 250 foot surface trench
Took 26 underground samples