The High Weald landscape was formed by geological and natural processes over millions of years, including deposits of sandstone, limestone, clay and chalk. Early human activity in the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods is evidenced by archaeological artifacts. The landscape was further shaped by human activity like Roman ironworking, medieval farming and post-medieval iron production. The character of the High Weald area is defined by this intertwining of natural and cultural influences over hundreds of generations.