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Prof Dr Shaifulizan Abdul Rahman, Prof Madya Dr Ramizu Shaari, Dr Marzuki Omar,
Dr Tang Liszen, Dr Roselinda Ab Rahman, Dr Mohd Faizal Abdullah
Coordinator
Dr Roselinda Ab Rahman
LECTURERS
PREFACE
This manual is intended to serve as a guide to the procedures and protocols
applied in the oral surgery clinics (GNT 408). This manual is not all inclusive
and is subject to modification as circumstances warrant. Please note that the
student clinical manual outlines the general rules and policies in all student
clinics and you are required to adhere to these policies.
STUDENT EVALUATION:
Different aspects of the student’s performance will be evaluated. These
include:
student’s clinical skills in patient interview and history taking, establishing a
diagnosis and formulating a treatment plan; competence in the provision of
appropriate oral surgical procedures and oral hygiene education;
professional appearance and conduct; punctuality; adherence to cross-
infection control protocols and general cleanliness. The exact breakdown of
the marks allocated to each aspect are described in this manual & course
outline.
PATIENT CARE PROVISION:
All patient information and findings, diagnosis, and treatment plan in addition
to entering notes on the treatment provided is to be documented in the
patient’s file. This logbook will be used to document your progress and grade
the procedures you perform.
Phase IIl Year 4 DDS (USM)
GNT 408:
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Course Objective:
This course provides basic learning of knowledge and skills regarding the diagnosis, surgical
treatment and alternative treatment for oral and maxillofacial diseases, trauma, and deformities of
the jaw, oral cavity and related structures, including skills in interpretation of dental imaging. This
course also provides training for students to differentiate between procedures which can be
performed by them and those which need specialist referral or consultation. Students’ attitude is also
monitored to ensure professional relationship between students and patients.
The students will acquire cognitive of:
1. Common oral and maxillofacial pathology.
2. Clinical features of common maxillofacial and oral diseases.
3. Treatment options of common oral and maxillofacial problems.
4. Commonly used therapeutic agents in oral diseases.
The students will acquire psychomotor of:
1. Proper history taking and carry out physical examination satisfactorily.
2. Request/perform relevant investigations.
3. Diagnose common diseases of oral and maxillofacial region, for example oro-facial infections,
dental trauma, oral lesions, pulp and periapical diseases, head and neck swellings, and craniofacial
abnormalities.
4. Plan and discuss the management of common oral maxillofacial problems.
5. Perform extraction of erupted teeth and simple removal of retained roots including explanation of
complications of extraction to the patient
The students will acquire affective of:
1. Able to appreciate the impact of the disease on the quality of life of the patient and the family.
2. Aware of the availability of various treatment modalities, limitations and complications.
3. Able to communicate with the patient (or family) about the disease and treatment plan under
supervision.
4. Able to recognize the need (if there is any) to refer the patient to appropriate discipline/s under
supervision.
INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS
• All treatments of oral and maxillofacial surgery cases should be signed by oral and maxillofacial surgery lecturers.
• All procedures and the progress of treatment must be recorded in the dental form and patient’s record continuation
sheet.
• Students must follow a proper and timely sequence of treatment, including timely appointments for review and
further management.
• Proper written documentation required when patients failed to attend or in case of refusal of treatment.
• Student in Year 4 must submit their logbook at the end of the semester 2 or whenever required.
• The students should fulfil the requirements as a pre-requisite to sit for the Year 4 Final Exam.
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinical Competency Test
Introduction
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery clinical competency test will be conducted at Year 5 of the DDS Programme. Students must
pass this test in order to be allowed for Professional III examinations. This test will contribute marks to the final examination.
Students must identify a suitable case and should be approved by an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery lecturer. Competency
test will be conducted 2 months prior to the final examination.
Minimal Clinical Experience (MCE) from Year 3 till Year 5
Satisfactorily perform 10 forceps extractions (at least Bondy 4). Those who achieved MCE will be allowed to sit for the
clinical competency test at year 5 as part of Professional Examination III. MCE is cumulative from year 3.
BPK Requirement
Satisfactorily perform at least 10 forceps extraction collectively (Bondy 4) in year 3, year 4, and year 5 to be allowed to
advance to subsequent year and as a prerequisite to sit for Professional III examination.
Patient selection criteria
1. Indicated for extraction
2. Clerking and case presentation
3. Case selection must be approved by an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery lecturer
Procedures for Clinical Competency Test
Perform 1 forceps extraction of any molar tooth.
Competency Criteria for Forceps Extraction
1. Display and use of armamentarium for forceps extractions
2. Practice infection control
3. Application of topical anaesthesia
4. Administration of local anaesthesia
5. Assessment of effectiveness of local anaesthesia
6. Technique of tooth forceps extractions
7. Management of haemostasis
8. Post-operative instructions
9. Pain management
10. Ethics and Professionalism
Requirements and Coursework Year 4
1. Requirements contribute 5% to logbook CW are as follows
a. Present 1 case in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
b. Present 2 case in Minor Oral Surgery clinic.
c. Attend and present 1 case from ward round on Sunday morning (9.30am at 4TD).
d. Attend group discussion of one on-call case with lecturer
(Any of these cases presented during your posting can be used as case report and final submission)
2. Requirements contribute 15% to logbook CW are as follows
a. Perform extractions with 2 case at least Bondy 4 [10%]
b. Perform at least 2 inferior dental nerve blocks (ID). [3%]
c. Perform at least 2 infiltrations. [2%]
3. 2 case reports contribute 10% of CW:
- Hospitalized patient (2000 words) (1)
- Maxillofacial clinic patient (1000 words) (1)
4. Observe at least 5 cases in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery clinic.
5. Observe at least 5 cases in Minor Oral Surgery clinic including 1 operative procedure of impacted third molar.
6. Observe at least 2 operative procedures in Oral and Maxillofacial Operation Theatres (General OT – OT8 or
PPSG OT).
7. Observe cases during oncall-tagging :
a. Observe emergency dental cases that are treated in A&E department
b. Observe primary and secondary survey in A&E setting
c. Observe immediate treatment for dental cases that are treated in A&E department
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
The students will be assessed based on the following criteria:
(1) KNOWLEDGE BASE
(2) SKILLS
(3) AFFECTIVE
(4) COMMUNICATION SKILL
(5) CRITICAL THINKING AND PROBLEM SOLVING
KNOWLEDGE
▪ Recognize and
identify the
patient’s chief
complaints, past
medical history
and current
medical/dental
conditions,
systemic review,
oral &
maxillofacial
conditions and
problems
▪ Relate patient’s
specific complaints
and pertinent
medicalconditions
that will affect
patient’s
management
▪ Analyse all the
information
obtained from the
history-taking,
clinical
examination and
investigations so
as to provide
diagnosis.
▪ Explain rationale of
patient
management with
its possible risks
and complications
▪ Explain the
possible outcomes
in caseof patient’s
refusal to a
proposed
management plan.
SKILL
Examination
▪ Perform history taking
▪ Clinical examination
• Relevant investigations, e.g.
▪ Imaging
▪ Pulp sensibility test
Diagnosis
▪ Identify, recognize, interpret and diagnose normal and abnormal
conditions of the oral and maxillofacial complex, diseases,
craniofacial growth and development that require monitoring,
treatment or management.
Management
▪ Plan, present and discuss individualized-sequenced management
for patients of all ages consistent with
the patient’s condition, expectation, goalsand socioeconomic
capabilities
AFFECTIVE
Personal Attributes and orientation to Learning
▪ Always maintain patient confidentiality; always respectfulof patient; all
relevant details recorded concisely
▪ Obtain informed consent that meets ethical andlegal responsibilities
▪ Appropriate confidence in oneself and abilities; self- reliance in managing
new and repetitive tasks at all times
▪ Initiative taken to identify learning goals; punctual; clearly seeks, discusses
and accepts lecturers’advice or feedback
Application of Standard InfectionControl
▪ Knowledge and consistent use ofstandard precautions during physical
examination andinvestigations, safe work practices
▪ Understand theinfection controlprinciples
Interpersonal skillsand Behaviour Management
Communication with patients during history clerking, physical
examination, investigation, diagnosis andmanagement.
▪ Identify patient’s fear/anxiety, and carry out appropriate patient
behaviourmanagement
▪ Always has effective stress management during sessions with
effective useof coping strategies as required
▪ Able to work as ateam
Practice and TimeManagement
▪ Continuously analyse patient treatment outcomes for improvement
of patient care
▪ Commencing patient’s examination and
diagnosis as well as dismissing patient after obtaining
lecturers’
approval.
▪ Assessment by the lecturers at all stages of the examination and
▪ diagnosis process.
ASSESMENT CRITERIA EXAMINATION & DIAGNOSIS
Case
Presentation
(OMFS)
KNOWLEDGE (K) SKILL (S) AFFECTIVE (A)
• Understand the
principles in
maxillofacial
trauma and
pathologies
• Discuss the
primary care and
definitive care
• Understand the
role of
radiographic
examinations in
evaluating
maxillofacial
pathologies
• Able to associate
clinical features
with radiographic
features in
maxillofacial
pathologies
• Describe type of
radiograph to aid
in diagnosis of
maxillofacial
pathologies
• Understanding the
basic principles in
managing the
maxillofacial
pathologies
▪ Obtain appropriate
and sufficient history
in orderly manner
▪ Perform correct
clinical examination
skills
▪ Demonstrate good
communication and
presentation skills
Personal Attributes and
orientation to Learning
▪ Always obtain informed
consent from all patients
and maintain patient
confidentiality; always
respectful of patient; all
relevant details recorded
concisely
▪ Appropriate confidence
in oneself and abilities;
self-reliance in managing
new and repetitive tasks
at all times
▪ Initiative taken to identify
learning goals; punctual;
clearly seeks, discusses
and accepts lecturers’
advice or feedback
Application of Standard
Infection Control
▪ Knowledge and
consistent use of
standard precautions as
operator; safe work
practices
▪ Understand the infection
control principles
Ergonomics; Operator and
Patient Positioning
▪ Correct sitting position
and posture while
working
▪ Visibility and access
during clinical
procedures
Interpersonal skills and
Behaviour Management
▪ Communication with
patients regarding the
management of
diseases
▪ Identify patient’s
fear/anxiety, and carry
out appropriate patient
behaviour management
Local
Anaesthesia
KNOWLEDGE (K) SKILL (S) AFFECTIVE (A)
▪ Discuss the rationale of
local anaesthesia
▪ Describe the
indications and
contraindications
▪ Understand basic
principles of local
anaesthesia
▪ Perform correct local
anaesthesia skills.
▪ Demonstrate proper
method in achieving
local anaesthesia.
Personal Attributes and
orientation to Learning
▪ Always obtain informed
consent from all patients
and maintain patient
confidentiality; always
respectful of patient; all
relevant details recorded
concisely
▪ Describe the
appropriate technique
for local anaesthesia
and correct use of local
anaesthesia
armamentarium
▪ Recognize the
pharmacokinetics and
the
pharmacodynamics
of different local
anaesthesia.
▪ Obtain informed consent
that meets ethical and
legal responsibilities
▪ Appropriate confidence
in oneself and abilities;
self-reliance in managing
new and repetitive tasks
at all times
▪ Initiative taken to identify
learning goals; punctual;
clearly seeks, discusses
and accepts lecturers’
advice or feedback
▪ Recognize and manage
the complications of
local anaesthesia.
Application of Standard
Infection Control
▪ Knowledge and
consistent use of
standard precautions as
operator; safe work
practices
▪ Understand the infection
control principles
Ergonomics; Operator and
Patient Positioning
▪ Correct sitting position
and posture while
working
▪ Visibility and access
during clinical
procedures
Interpersonal skills and
Behaviour Management
▪ Communication with
patients regarding the
management of
diseases
▪ Identify patient’s
fear/anxiety, and carry
out appropriate patient
behaviour management
▪ Always has effective
stress management
during sessions with
effective use of coping
strategies as required
▪ Able to work as a team
Practice and Time
Management
▪ Continuously analyse
patient treatment
outcomes for
improvement of patient
care
▪ Demonstrate proper and
timely sequence of
treatment including
timely appointments for
reevaluation and
maintenance
▪ Commencing patient’s
treatment and dismissing
patient after obtaining
lecturers’ approval.
▪ Assessment by the
lecturers at all stages of
the treatment
EXODONTIA
KNOWLEDGE (K) SKILL (S) AFFECTIVE (A)
▪ Discuss the rationale of
exodontia
▪ Perform correct
extraction skills.
Personal Attributes and
orientation to Learning
▪ Always obtain informed
consent from all patients
and maintain patient
confidentiality; always
respectful of patient; all
relevant details recorded
concisely
▪ Obtain informed consent
that meets ethical and
legal responsibilities
▪ Appropriate confidence
in oneself and abilities;
self-reliance in managing
new and repetitive tasks
at all times
▪ Initiative taken to identify
learning goals; punctual;
clearly seeks, discusses
and accepts lecturers’
advice or feedback
Application of Standard
Infection Control
▪ Knowledge and
consistent use of
standard precautions as
operator; safe work
practices
▪ Understand the infection
control principles
Ergonomics; Operator and
Patient Positioning
▪ Correct sitting position
and posture while
working
▪ Visibility and access
during clinical
procedures
Interpersonal skills and
Behaviour Management
▪ Communication with
patients regarding the
management of
diseases
▪ Identify patient’s
fear/anxiety, and carry
out appropriate patient
behaviour management
▪ Always has effective
stress management
during sessions with
effective use of coping
strategies as required
▪ Able to work as a team
▪ Describe the
indications and
contraindications
▪ Demonstrate proper
method in achieving
haemostasis.
▪ Understand basic
principles of exodontia
▪ Describe the
appropriate technique
for tooth extraction and
correct use of
exodontia
armamentarium
▪ Prescribe relevant
medications
perioperatively.
▪ Recognize the
pharmacokinetics and
the
pharmacodynamics
of prescribed drugs.
▪ Recognize and manage
the complications of
exodontia
Practice and Time
Management
▪ Continuously analyse
patient treatment
outcomes for
improvement of patient
care
▪ Demonstrate proper and
timely sequence of
treatment including
timely appointments for
reevaluation and
maintenance
▪ Commencing patient’s
treatment and dismissing
patient after obtaining
lecturers’ approval.
▪ Assessment by the
lecturers at all stages of
the treatment
Case
Presentation
(MOS)
KNOWLEDGE (K) SKILL (S) AFFECTIVE (A)
▪ Describe the
classification of
impacted wisdom teeth
▪ Discuss the
management of
impacted wisdom teeth
including indications for
their removal
▪ Understand basic
principles of minor oral
surgery
▪ Describe the
appropriate technique
for surgical removal of
impacted wisdom teeth
and correct use of
armamentarium
▪ Prescribe relevant
medications
perioperatively.
▪ Recognize the
pharmacokinetics and
the
pharmacodynamics
of prescribed drugs.
▪ Recognize and manage
the complications of
minor oral surgery
▪ Obtain appropriate
and sufficient history
in orderly manner
▪ Perform correct
clinical examination
skills
▪ Demonstrate good
communication and
presentation skills
Personal Attributes and
orientation to Learning
▪ Always obtain informed
consent from all patients
and maintain patient
confidentiality; always
respectful of patient; all
relevant details recorded
concisely
▪ Appropriate confidence
in oneself and abilities;
self-reliance in managing
new and repetitive tasks
at all times
▪ Initiative taken to identify
learning goals; punctual;
clearly seeks, discusses
and accepts lecturers’
advice or feedback
Application of Standard
Infection Control
▪ Knowledge and
consistent use of
standard precautions as
operator; safe work
practices
▪ Understand the infection
control principles
Ergonomics; Operator and
Patient Positioning
▪ Correct sitting position
and posture while
working
▪ Visibility and access
during clinical
procedures
Interpersonal skills and
Behaviour Management
▪ Communication with
patients regarding the
management of
diseases
▪ Identify patient’s
fear/anxiety, and carry
out appropriate patient
behaviour management
Assessment Grading: Cognitive (C)
Grading Description Score
Excellent
Evidence of pre-reading and completing required exercises accurately prior to
session
Accurate use and understanding of key and additional terminology during
session
Consistently identifies, relates and applies knowledge/theory to clinical practice
Able to extend knowledge in new situations and maintain standard
5
Good
Evidence of pre-reading and completing required exercises accurately prior to
session
Accurate use and understanding of key and some additional terminology during
session
Regularly identifies, relates and applies knowledge/theory to clinical practice
4
Pass
Evidence of pre-reading prior to session; requires improvement in accuracy
and detail
Satisfactory use and understanding of key terminology; needs improvement
Identifies, relates and applies knowledge/theory to clinical practice; needs
improvement in depth of knowledge, integration and detail
3
Unsatisfactory
Minimal pre-reading prior to session; requires improvement in accuracy and
detail
Satisfactory use and understanding of key dental terminology; needs
improvement
Occasionally identifies, relates and applies knowledge/theory to clinical
practice; needs improvement in depth of knowledge, integration and detail
2
Poor
No evidence of pre-reading prior to session or failure to complete required
exercises prior session
Poor use and understanding of key dental terminology; needs major
improvement
Inconsistent evidence of the ability to relate and apply knowledge/theory from
all streams to clinical practice; needs major improvement
1
Assessment grading: Psychomotor (P)
Grading Description Score
Excellent
Safe, accurate, appropriate effect& affect
Proficient and coordinated, confident and relaxed, time taken
(proficient), patient focused (always)
No cues required
5
Good
Safe, accurate, appropriate effect & affect
Efficient and coordinated, comprehension of knowledge beginning,
confident, time taken (acceptable), patient focused (mostly)
Occasional supportive cues / an infrequent directive cue
4
Pass
Safe, accurate, effect &/or affect difficulties at times
Lacking efficiency &/or coordination, comprehension of knowledge
insufficient, appears confident, time taken (slowed), focus more on
the behaviour/self than patient,
Frequent directive cues are required in addition to supportive cues
3
Unsatisfactory
Not always safe, not always accurate, effect &/or affect difficulties
at times
Inefficient / uncoordinated, comprehension of knowledge poor, not
confident, time taken (poor), not patient focused at all
Continuous directive cues are required
2
Poor
Unsafe, inaccurate, effect &/or affect poor
Inefficient / uncoordinated, comprehension of knowledge NIL, not
confident, time taken (unable to complete), no patient focus,
Cues are so directive and continuous that the supervisor is now
performing the task / skill
1
*Effect: achievement of intended purpose. *Affect: manner in which the behaviour is performed
Assessment grading: Affective (A)
Grading Description Score
Excellent
Highly motivated; appropriate confidence in oneself and abilities; self-
reliance in managing new and repetitive tasks at all times; initiative taken to
identify learning goals and manage new tasks at all times;
Punctual to session; clean and ironed clinic coat;
Clearly seeks, discusses and accepts tutor advice or feedback
5
Good
Well motivated; confident in oneself and abilities; self-reliance in managing
new and repetitive tasks at all times; initiative taken to identify learning
goals and manage new tasks regularly;
Punctual to practical sessions; clean and ironed clinic coat;
Clearly seeks, discusses and accepts tutor advice or feedback during
practical sessions
4
Pass
Motivated; confident in oneself and abilities; self-reliance in managing new
and repetitive tasks at all times; initiative taken to identify learning goals and
manage new tasks regularly;
Punctual to sessions; clean and ironed clinic coat
Clearly seeks, discusses and accepts tutor advice or feedback during
sessions
3
Unsatisfactory
Motivated during sessions; lacking confidence or over confident with
minimal improvement; reliant on tutor or other group members as to what
tasks to do and how to do all assigned tasks; lack of initiative taken to
identify learning goals and manage new tasks; poor level of performance
during sessions;
Late/leaves early to/from sessions; unironed or dirty clinic coat
Does not seek/accept tutor advice as required and as a result tasks
inadequately or incompletely carried out; minimal demonstrated during the
session
2
Poor
Poor motivation during sessions; lacking confidence or over confident with
minimal improvement; reliant on tutor or other group members as to what
tasks to do and how to do all assigned tasks; lack of initiative taken to
identify learning goals and manage new tasks; poor level of performance
during sessions;
Late/leaves early to/from session; unironed or dirty clinic coat;
Does not seek/accept tutor advice as required and as a result tasks
inadequately or incompletely carried out; no improvement demonstrated
during the sessions
1
Assessment grading: Critical Thinking and Problem Solving (CTPS)
CTPS 3 : Ability to seek ideas and alternative solutions
CTPS 5 : Ability to make evidence-based decisions
Grading Description Score
Excellent
Able to express opinion independently which leads to budding
of new ideas without prompting or assistance
Participates actively and achieves collective agreement by
integrating ideas and able to come out with creative and
innovative ideas
4
Good
Able to express opinion with minimal prompting or assistance
Participates actively and achieves collective agreement by
integrating ideas
3
Satisfactory
Able to express opinion with some prompting or assistance
Participates actively but without achieving collective agreement
or integrating ideas
2
Poor
Unable to identify problem in simple and clear situation even
with prompting or assistance
Unable to express opinion even with prompting or assistance
Does not participate actively
1
Assessment grading: Communication Skills (CS1 – CS3)
CS 1: Ability to present ideas clearly, effectively and confidently, in written andverbal forms
CS 2: Ability to practice active listening skills and to give feedback
CS 3: Ability to present clearly and confidently befitting the target group
Grading Description Score
Excellent
Able to present the case by providing diagnosis and treatment plan or
options clearly, effectively and confidently, in written and verbal forms
Able to practice active listening skills and provideexcellent feedback
Able to present the patient’s condition clearly confidently to the target group
Able to discuss excellently and achieve an agreementAble to use non-
verbal skills effectively
4
Good
Able to present the case by providing diagnosis andtreatment plan or
options clearly, effectively and confidently, in either written or verbal forms
Able to practice active listening skills and providesufficient feedback
Able to present the patient’s condition clearly to thetarget group
Able to discuss and achieve an agreement Able to demonstrate usage of
non-verbal skills
3
Satisfactory
Able to present the case by providing diagnosis and treatment plan or
options with few details in an organizedmanner
Able to practice active listening skills and provide minimalfeedback
Able to present the patient’s condition to the target group
Able to discuss with patient and achieve an agreementwith assistance
Able to demonstrate minimal usage of non-verbal skills
2
Poor
Unable to present the case clearly, effectively andconfidently, be it in written
or verbal form
Unable to practice active listening skills and givefeedback
Unable to present clearly and confidently befitting thetarget group
Unable to discuss and achieve an agreementUnable to use non-verbal
skills
1
THE FIVE-POINT BONDY RATING SCALE
Scale Label Score Standard of Procedure Quality of
Performance
Level of Assistance Required
Independent 5 • Safe
• Accurate
• Achieved intended
outcome
• Behaviour is appropriate
to context
• Proficient
• Confident
• Expedient
• No supporting cues
required
Supervised 4 • Safe
• Accurate
• Achieved intended
outcome
• Behaviour is appropriate
to context
• Proficient
• Confident
• Reasonably
expedient
• Requires occasional
supporting cues
Assisted 3 • Safe
• Accurate
• Achieved most
objectives for intended
outcome
• Behaviour generally
appropriate to context
• Proficient
throughout most
of performance
when assisted
• Required frequent verbal
and occasional physical
directives in addition to
supportive cues
Marginal 2 • Safe only with guidance
• Not completely accurate
• Incomplete achievement
of intended outcome
• Unskilled
• Inefficient • Required continuous verbal
and frequent physical
directives cues
Dependent 1 • Unsafe
• Unable to demonstrate
behavior
• Lack of insight into
behavior appropriate to
context
• Unskilled
• Unable to
demonstrate
behavior/
procedure
• Required continuous verbal
and continuous physical
directives cues
X 0 • Not observed
EXAMINATION AND DIAGNOSIS (E&D)
No
Name:
R/N:
Date :
DIAGNOSIS: GRADE COMMENTS
1.
Demonstrate the proper
practice of
universal infectioncontrol
2.
Identify and recordpatient’s
chief complaint, past
medical/dental
history, systemicreview
3.
Perform correctphysical
examinationmethods
4.
Order relevant
investigations
5.
Recognize and givedifferential
diagnoses and definitive
diagnosis
6.
List treatment plan and
discuss rationale of the
treatment plan
7.
Taking informed/verbal
consent for relevant
procedures
Average score (PO2)
8.
Demonstrate good
bedside/chairside ethics
(PO6)
9. Communication Skill
(PO4)
Lecturer’s Signature
LOCAL ANAESTHESIA
No
Name:
R/N:
Date :
GRADE
COMMENTS
TOOTH/TEETH:
PROCEDURES:
1.
Demonstrating the proper practice
of universal infection control
2.
Select the correct disposable
hypodermic needle and screw it
tightly into the hub of the empty
syringe
3.
Load the anaesthetic cartridge
into the syringe and close
the loaded syringe tightly
4.
Express a little anaesthetic
solutionto test the efficiency
of the loadedsyringe
5.
Correct positioning of operator
and patient
6.
Administration of LA
7.
Testing the effectiveness of the
local anaesthesia
Average score (PO2)
Lecturer’s Signature
Patient’s name:
R/N:
Diagnosis:
EXODONTIA
No
TOOTH/TEETH:
GRADE COMMENTS
PROCEDURES:
1.
Demonstrating the
proper practice of
universal infection
control
2.
Selecting correct
instruments
3.
Correct positioning
of operator and
patient
4.
Providing
appropriate support
for the jaw
5.
Correct displacing
movement of the
tooth
6. Bleeding control
7.
Post-extraction
instructions
8. Drug prescription
Average score(PO2)
Lecturer’s Signature
CHECKLIST AND MARKING SCHEME (OMFS CLINIC)
CASE PRESENTATION MARK SHEET
STUDENT'S NAME:
MATRIC NO :
MARKING SCHEME MARKS COMMENTS
a) HISTORY (20)
Good / Excellent
Satisfactory / Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
b) PHYSICAL EXAMINATION (20)
Good/Excellent
Satisfactory/Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
c) PROVISIONAL/DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS (20)
Good/Excellent
Satisfactory / Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
d) INVESTIGATION (20)
Good/Excellent
Satisfactory / Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
e) MANAGEMENT AND DISCUSSION (20)
Good / Excellent
Satisfactory / Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
TOTAL:
GENERAL COMMENT:
PATIENT'S NAME AND REG. NO:
DIAGNOSIS: Lecturer's Name and Signature:
Date:
CHECKLIST AND MARKING SCHEME
CASE PRESENTATION (MINOR ORAL SURGERY) MARK SHEET
STUDENT'S NAME:
MATRIC NO :
MARKING SCHEME MARKS COMMENTS
a) HISTORY (20)
Good / Excellent
Satisfactory / Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
b) PHYSICAL EXAMINATION (20)
Good/Excellent
Satisfactory/Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
c) PROVISIONAL/DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS (20)
Good/Excellent
Satisfactory / Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
d) INVESTIGATION (20)
Good/Excellent
Satisfactory / Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
e) MANAGEMENT AND DISCUSSION (20)
Good / Excellent
Satisfactory / Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
TOTAL:
GENERAL COMMENT:
PATIENT'S NAME AND REG. NO:
DIAGNOSIS: Lecturer's Name and Signature:
Date:
CHECKLIST AND MARKING SCHEME
CASE PRESENTATION (WARD ROUND) MARK SHEET
STUDENT'S NAME:
MATRIC NO :
MARKING SCHEME MARKS COMMENTS
a) HISTORY (20)
Good / Excellent
Satisfactory / Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
b) PHYSICAL EXAMINATION (20)
Good/Excellent
Satisfactory/Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
c) PROVISIONAL/DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS (20)
Good/Excellent
Satisfactory / Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
d) INVESTIGATION (20)
Good/Excellent
Satisfactory / Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
e) MANAGEMENT AND DISCUSSION (20)
Good / Excellent
Satisfactory / Pass
16-20
10 –15
Poor 7-9
Very Poor < 7
TOTAL:
GENERAL COMMENT:
PATIENT'S NAME AND REG. NO:
DIAGNOSIS: Lecturer's Name and Signature:
Date:
CASES OBSERVED DURING ONCALL - TAGGING
NO. DATE
PATIENT’S NAME
AND R/N
AGE DIAGNOSIS
LECTURER’S
COMMENTS/
SIGNATURE
1
2
3
4
5
6
CASES OBSERVED DURING MINOR ORAL SURGERY CLINIC
NO. DATE
PATIENT’S NAME
AND R/N
AGE DIAGNOSIS
LECTURER’S
COMMENTS/
SIGNATURE
1
2
3
4
5
6
CASES OBSERVED DURING ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY CLINIC
NO. DATE
PATIENT’S NAME
AND R/N
AGE DIAGNOSIS
LECTURER’S
COMMENTS/
SIGNATURE
1
2
3
4
5
6
CASES OBSERVED IN ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY OPERATION THEATRE
NO. DATE
PATIENT’S NAME
AND R/N
AGE DIAGNOSIS/ PROCEDURE
LECTURER’S
COMMENTS/
SIGNATURE
1
2
3
4
5
6

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Logbook GNT 408 2021-2022.pdf

  • 1. 2 0 2 1 / 2 0 2 2 Prof Dr Shaifulizan Abdul Rahman, Prof Madya Dr Ramizu Shaari, Dr Marzuki Omar, Dr Tang Liszen, Dr Roselinda Ab Rahman, Dr Mohd Faizal Abdullah Coordinator Dr Roselinda Ab Rahman LECTURERS
  • 2. PREFACE This manual is intended to serve as a guide to the procedures and protocols applied in the oral surgery clinics (GNT 408). This manual is not all inclusive and is subject to modification as circumstances warrant. Please note that the student clinical manual outlines the general rules and policies in all student clinics and you are required to adhere to these policies. STUDENT EVALUATION: Different aspects of the student’s performance will be evaluated. These include: student’s clinical skills in patient interview and history taking, establishing a diagnosis and formulating a treatment plan; competence in the provision of appropriate oral surgical procedures and oral hygiene education; professional appearance and conduct; punctuality; adherence to cross- infection control protocols and general cleanliness. The exact breakdown of the marks allocated to each aspect are described in this manual & course outline. PATIENT CARE PROVISION: All patient information and findings, diagnosis, and treatment plan in addition to entering notes on the treatment provided is to be documented in the patient’s file. This logbook will be used to document your progress and grade the procedures you perform.
  • 3. Phase IIl Year 4 DDS (USM) GNT 408: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Course Objective: This course provides basic learning of knowledge and skills regarding the diagnosis, surgical treatment and alternative treatment for oral and maxillofacial diseases, trauma, and deformities of the jaw, oral cavity and related structures, including skills in interpretation of dental imaging. This course also provides training for students to differentiate between procedures which can be performed by them and those which need specialist referral or consultation. Students’ attitude is also monitored to ensure professional relationship between students and patients. The students will acquire cognitive of: 1. Common oral and maxillofacial pathology. 2. Clinical features of common maxillofacial and oral diseases. 3. Treatment options of common oral and maxillofacial problems. 4. Commonly used therapeutic agents in oral diseases. The students will acquire psychomotor of: 1. Proper history taking and carry out physical examination satisfactorily. 2. Request/perform relevant investigations. 3. Diagnose common diseases of oral and maxillofacial region, for example oro-facial infections, dental trauma, oral lesions, pulp and periapical diseases, head and neck swellings, and craniofacial abnormalities. 4. Plan and discuss the management of common oral maxillofacial problems. 5. Perform extraction of erupted teeth and simple removal of retained roots including explanation of complications of extraction to the patient The students will acquire affective of: 1. Able to appreciate the impact of the disease on the quality of life of the patient and the family. 2. Aware of the availability of various treatment modalities, limitations and complications. 3. Able to communicate with the patient (or family) about the disease and treatment plan under supervision. 4. Able to recognize the need (if there is any) to refer the patient to appropriate discipline/s under supervision.
  • 4. INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS • All treatments of oral and maxillofacial surgery cases should be signed by oral and maxillofacial surgery lecturers. • All procedures and the progress of treatment must be recorded in the dental form and patient’s record continuation sheet. • Students must follow a proper and timely sequence of treatment, including timely appointments for review and further management. • Proper written documentation required when patients failed to attend or in case of refusal of treatment. • Student in Year 4 must submit their logbook at the end of the semester 2 or whenever required. • The students should fulfil the requirements as a pre-requisite to sit for the Year 4 Final Exam. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinical Competency Test Introduction Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery clinical competency test will be conducted at Year 5 of the DDS Programme. Students must pass this test in order to be allowed for Professional III examinations. This test will contribute marks to the final examination. Students must identify a suitable case and should be approved by an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery lecturer. Competency test will be conducted 2 months prior to the final examination. Minimal Clinical Experience (MCE) from Year 3 till Year 5 Satisfactorily perform 10 forceps extractions (at least Bondy 4). Those who achieved MCE will be allowed to sit for the clinical competency test at year 5 as part of Professional Examination III. MCE is cumulative from year 3. BPK Requirement Satisfactorily perform at least 10 forceps extraction collectively (Bondy 4) in year 3, year 4, and year 5 to be allowed to advance to subsequent year and as a prerequisite to sit for Professional III examination. Patient selection criteria 1. Indicated for extraction 2. Clerking and case presentation 3. Case selection must be approved by an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery lecturer Procedures for Clinical Competency Test Perform 1 forceps extraction of any molar tooth. Competency Criteria for Forceps Extraction 1. Display and use of armamentarium for forceps extractions 2. Practice infection control 3. Application of topical anaesthesia 4. Administration of local anaesthesia 5. Assessment of effectiveness of local anaesthesia 6. Technique of tooth forceps extractions 7. Management of haemostasis 8. Post-operative instructions 9. Pain management 10. Ethics and Professionalism
  • 5. Requirements and Coursework Year 4 1. Requirements contribute 5% to logbook CW are as follows a. Present 1 case in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery b. Present 2 case in Minor Oral Surgery clinic. c. Attend and present 1 case from ward round on Sunday morning (9.30am at 4TD). d. Attend group discussion of one on-call case with lecturer (Any of these cases presented during your posting can be used as case report and final submission) 2. Requirements contribute 15% to logbook CW are as follows a. Perform extractions with 2 case at least Bondy 4 [10%] b. Perform at least 2 inferior dental nerve blocks (ID). [3%] c. Perform at least 2 infiltrations. [2%] 3. 2 case reports contribute 10% of CW: - Hospitalized patient (2000 words) (1) - Maxillofacial clinic patient (1000 words) (1) 4. Observe at least 5 cases in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery clinic. 5. Observe at least 5 cases in Minor Oral Surgery clinic including 1 operative procedure of impacted third molar. 6. Observe at least 2 operative procedures in Oral and Maxillofacial Operation Theatres (General OT – OT8 or PPSG OT). 7. Observe cases during oncall-tagging : a. Observe emergency dental cases that are treated in A&E department b. Observe primary and secondary survey in A&E setting c. Observe immediate treatment for dental cases that are treated in A&E department
  • 6. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA The students will be assessed based on the following criteria: (1) KNOWLEDGE BASE (2) SKILLS (3) AFFECTIVE (4) COMMUNICATION SKILL (5) CRITICAL THINKING AND PROBLEM SOLVING
  • 7. KNOWLEDGE ▪ Recognize and identify the patient’s chief complaints, past medical history and current medical/dental conditions, systemic review, oral & maxillofacial conditions and problems ▪ Relate patient’s specific complaints and pertinent medicalconditions that will affect patient’s management ▪ Analyse all the information obtained from the history-taking, clinical examination and investigations so as to provide diagnosis. ▪ Explain rationale of patient management with its possible risks and complications ▪ Explain the possible outcomes in caseof patient’s refusal to a proposed management plan. SKILL Examination ▪ Perform history taking ▪ Clinical examination • Relevant investigations, e.g. ▪ Imaging ▪ Pulp sensibility test Diagnosis ▪ Identify, recognize, interpret and diagnose normal and abnormal conditions of the oral and maxillofacial complex, diseases, craniofacial growth and development that require monitoring, treatment or management. Management ▪ Plan, present and discuss individualized-sequenced management for patients of all ages consistent with the patient’s condition, expectation, goalsand socioeconomic capabilities AFFECTIVE Personal Attributes and orientation to Learning ▪ Always maintain patient confidentiality; always respectfulof patient; all relevant details recorded concisely ▪ Obtain informed consent that meets ethical andlegal responsibilities ▪ Appropriate confidence in oneself and abilities; self- reliance in managing new and repetitive tasks at all times ▪ Initiative taken to identify learning goals; punctual; clearly seeks, discusses and accepts lecturers’advice or feedback Application of Standard InfectionControl ▪ Knowledge and consistent use ofstandard precautions during physical examination andinvestigations, safe work practices ▪ Understand theinfection controlprinciples Interpersonal skillsand Behaviour Management Communication with patients during history clerking, physical examination, investigation, diagnosis andmanagement. ▪ Identify patient’s fear/anxiety, and carry out appropriate patient behaviourmanagement ▪ Always has effective stress management during sessions with effective useof coping strategies as required ▪ Able to work as ateam Practice and TimeManagement ▪ Continuously analyse patient treatment outcomes for improvement of patient care ▪ Commencing patient’s examination and diagnosis as well as dismissing patient after obtaining lecturers’ approval. ▪ Assessment by the lecturers at all stages of the examination and ▪ diagnosis process. ASSESMENT CRITERIA EXAMINATION & DIAGNOSIS
  • 8. Case Presentation (OMFS) KNOWLEDGE (K) SKILL (S) AFFECTIVE (A) • Understand the principles in maxillofacial trauma and pathologies • Discuss the primary care and definitive care • Understand the role of radiographic examinations in evaluating maxillofacial pathologies • Able to associate clinical features with radiographic features in maxillofacial pathologies • Describe type of radiograph to aid in diagnosis of maxillofacial pathologies • Understanding the basic principles in managing the maxillofacial pathologies ▪ Obtain appropriate and sufficient history in orderly manner ▪ Perform correct clinical examination skills ▪ Demonstrate good communication and presentation skills Personal Attributes and orientation to Learning ▪ Always obtain informed consent from all patients and maintain patient confidentiality; always respectful of patient; all relevant details recorded concisely ▪ Appropriate confidence in oneself and abilities; self-reliance in managing new and repetitive tasks at all times ▪ Initiative taken to identify learning goals; punctual; clearly seeks, discusses and accepts lecturers’ advice or feedback Application of Standard Infection Control ▪ Knowledge and consistent use of standard precautions as operator; safe work practices ▪ Understand the infection control principles Ergonomics; Operator and Patient Positioning ▪ Correct sitting position and posture while working ▪ Visibility and access during clinical procedures Interpersonal skills and Behaviour Management ▪ Communication with patients regarding the management of diseases ▪ Identify patient’s fear/anxiety, and carry out appropriate patient behaviour management
  • 9. Local Anaesthesia KNOWLEDGE (K) SKILL (S) AFFECTIVE (A) ▪ Discuss the rationale of local anaesthesia ▪ Describe the indications and contraindications ▪ Understand basic principles of local anaesthesia ▪ Perform correct local anaesthesia skills. ▪ Demonstrate proper method in achieving local anaesthesia. Personal Attributes and orientation to Learning ▪ Always obtain informed consent from all patients and maintain patient confidentiality; always respectful of patient; all relevant details recorded concisely ▪ Describe the appropriate technique for local anaesthesia and correct use of local anaesthesia armamentarium ▪ Recognize the pharmacokinetics and the pharmacodynamics of different local anaesthesia. ▪ Obtain informed consent that meets ethical and legal responsibilities ▪ Appropriate confidence in oneself and abilities; self-reliance in managing new and repetitive tasks at all times ▪ Initiative taken to identify learning goals; punctual; clearly seeks, discusses and accepts lecturers’ advice or feedback ▪ Recognize and manage the complications of local anaesthesia. Application of Standard Infection Control ▪ Knowledge and consistent use of standard precautions as operator; safe work practices ▪ Understand the infection control principles Ergonomics; Operator and Patient Positioning ▪ Correct sitting position and posture while working ▪ Visibility and access during clinical procedures Interpersonal skills and Behaviour Management ▪ Communication with patients regarding the management of diseases ▪ Identify patient’s fear/anxiety, and carry out appropriate patient behaviour management ▪ Always has effective stress management during sessions with effective use of coping strategies as required ▪ Able to work as a team
  • 10. Practice and Time Management ▪ Continuously analyse patient treatment outcomes for improvement of patient care ▪ Demonstrate proper and timely sequence of treatment including timely appointments for reevaluation and maintenance ▪ Commencing patient’s treatment and dismissing patient after obtaining lecturers’ approval. ▪ Assessment by the lecturers at all stages of the treatment
  • 11. EXODONTIA KNOWLEDGE (K) SKILL (S) AFFECTIVE (A) ▪ Discuss the rationale of exodontia ▪ Perform correct extraction skills. Personal Attributes and orientation to Learning ▪ Always obtain informed consent from all patients and maintain patient confidentiality; always respectful of patient; all relevant details recorded concisely ▪ Obtain informed consent that meets ethical and legal responsibilities ▪ Appropriate confidence in oneself and abilities; self-reliance in managing new and repetitive tasks at all times ▪ Initiative taken to identify learning goals; punctual; clearly seeks, discusses and accepts lecturers’ advice or feedback Application of Standard Infection Control ▪ Knowledge and consistent use of standard precautions as operator; safe work practices ▪ Understand the infection control principles Ergonomics; Operator and Patient Positioning ▪ Correct sitting position and posture while working ▪ Visibility and access during clinical procedures Interpersonal skills and Behaviour Management ▪ Communication with patients regarding the management of diseases ▪ Identify patient’s fear/anxiety, and carry out appropriate patient behaviour management ▪ Always has effective stress management during sessions with effective use of coping strategies as required ▪ Able to work as a team ▪ Describe the indications and contraindications ▪ Demonstrate proper method in achieving haemostasis. ▪ Understand basic principles of exodontia ▪ Describe the appropriate technique for tooth extraction and correct use of exodontia armamentarium ▪ Prescribe relevant medications perioperatively. ▪ Recognize the pharmacokinetics and the pharmacodynamics of prescribed drugs. ▪ Recognize and manage the complications of exodontia
  • 12. Practice and Time Management ▪ Continuously analyse patient treatment outcomes for improvement of patient care ▪ Demonstrate proper and timely sequence of treatment including timely appointments for reevaluation and maintenance ▪ Commencing patient’s treatment and dismissing patient after obtaining lecturers’ approval. ▪ Assessment by the lecturers at all stages of the treatment
  • 13. Case Presentation (MOS) KNOWLEDGE (K) SKILL (S) AFFECTIVE (A) ▪ Describe the classification of impacted wisdom teeth ▪ Discuss the management of impacted wisdom teeth including indications for their removal ▪ Understand basic principles of minor oral surgery ▪ Describe the appropriate technique for surgical removal of impacted wisdom teeth and correct use of armamentarium ▪ Prescribe relevant medications perioperatively. ▪ Recognize the pharmacokinetics and the pharmacodynamics of prescribed drugs. ▪ Recognize and manage the complications of minor oral surgery ▪ Obtain appropriate and sufficient history in orderly manner ▪ Perform correct clinical examination skills ▪ Demonstrate good communication and presentation skills Personal Attributes and orientation to Learning ▪ Always obtain informed consent from all patients and maintain patient confidentiality; always respectful of patient; all relevant details recorded concisely ▪ Appropriate confidence in oneself and abilities; self-reliance in managing new and repetitive tasks at all times ▪ Initiative taken to identify learning goals; punctual; clearly seeks, discusses and accepts lecturers’ advice or feedback Application of Standard Infection Control ▪ Knowledge and consistent use of standard precautions as operator; safe work practices ▪ Understand the infection control principles Ergonomics; Operator and Patient Positioning ▪ Correct sitting position and posture while working ▪ Visibility and access during clinical procedures Interpersonal skills and Behaviour Management ▪ Communication with patients regarding the management of diseases ▪ Identify patient’s fear/anxiety, and carry out appropriate patient behaviour management
  • 14. Assessment Grading: Cognitive (C) Grading Description Score Excellent Evidence of pre-reading and completing required exercises accurately prior to session Accurate use and understanding of key and additional terminology during session Consistently identifies, relates and applies knowledge/theory to clinical practice Able to extend knowledge in new situations and maintain standard 5 Good Evidence of pre-reading and completing required exercises accurately prior to session Accurate use and understanding of key and some additional terminology during session Regularly identifies, relates and applies knowledge/theory to clinical practice 4 Pass Evidence of pre-reading prior to session; requires improvement in accuracy and detail Satisfactory use and understanding of key terminology; needs improvement Identifies, relates and applies knowledge/theory to clinical practice; needs improvement in depth of knowledge, integration and detail 3 Unsatisfactory Minimal pre-reading prior to session; requires improvement in accuracy and detail Satisfactory use and understanding of key dental terminology; needs improvement Occasionally identifies, relates and applies knowledge/theory to clinical practice; needs improvement in depth of knowledge, integration and detail 2 Poor No evidence of pre-reading prior to session or failure to complete required exercises prior session Poor use and understanding of key dental terminology; needs major improvement Inconsistent evidence of the ability to relate and apply knowledge/theory from all streams to clinical practice; needs major improvement 1
  • 15. Assessment grading: Psychomotor (P) Grading Description Score Excellent Safe, accurate, appropriate effect& affect Proficient and coordinated, confident and relaxed, time taken (proficient), patient focused (always) No cues required 5 Good Safe, accurate, appropriate effect & affect Efficient and coordinated, comprehension of knowledge beginning, confident, time taken (acceptable), patient focused (mostly) Occasional supportive cues / an infrequent directive cue 4 Pass Safe, accurate, effect &/or affect difficulties at times Lacking efficiency &/or coordination, comprehension of knowledge insufficient, appears confident, time taken (slowed), focus more on the behaviour/self than patient, Frequent directive cues are required in addition to supportive cues 3 Unsatisfactory Not always safe, not always accurate, effect &/or affect difficulties at times Inefficient / uncoordinated, comprehension of knowledge poor, not confident, time taken (poor), not patient focused at all Continuous directive cues are required 2 Poor Unsafe, inaccurate, effect &/or affect poor Inefficient / uncoordinated, comprehension of knowledge NIL, not confident, time taken (unable to complete), no patient focus, Cues are so directive and continuous that the supervisor is now performing the task / skill 1 *Effect: achievement of intended purpose. *Affect: manner in which the behaviour is performed
  • 16. Assessment grading: Affective (A) Grading Description Score Excellent Highly motivated; appropriate confidence in oneself and abilities; self- reliance in managing new and repetitive tasks at all times; initiative taken to identify learning goals and manage new tasks at all times; Punctual to session; clean and ironed clinic coat; Clearly seeks, discusses and accepts tutor advice or feedback 5 Good Well motivated; confident in oneself and abilities; self-reliance in managing new and repetitive tasks at all times; initiative taken to identify learning goals and manage new tasks regularly; Punctual to practical sessions; clean and ironed clinic coat; Clearly seeks, discusses and accepts tutor advice or feedback during practical sessions 4 Pass Motivated; confident in oneself and abilities; self-reliance in managing new and repetitive tasks at all times; initiative taken to identify learning goals and manage new tasks regularly; Punctual to sessions; clean and ironed clinic coat Clearly seeks, discusses and accepts tutor advice or feedback during sessions 3 Unsatisfactory Motivated during sessions; lacking confidence or over confident with minimal improvement; reliant on tutor or other group members as to what tasks to do and how to do all assigned tasks; lack of initiative taken to identify learning goals and manage new tasks; poor level of performance during sessions; Late/leaves early to/from sessions; unironed or dirty clinic coat Does not seek/accept tutor advice as required and as a result tasks inadequately or incompletely carried out; minimal demonstrated during the session 2 Poor Poor motivation during sessions; lacking confidence or over confident with minimal improvement; reliant on tutor or other group members as to what tasks to do and how to do all assigned tasks; lack of initiative taken to identify learning goals and manage new tasks; poor level of performance during sessions; Late/leaves early to/from session; unironed or dirty clinic coat; Does not seek/accept tutor advice as required and as a result tasks inadequately or incompletely carried out; no improvement demonstrated during the sessions 1
  • 17. Assessment grading: Critical Thinking and Problem Solving (CTPS) CTPS 3 : Ability to seek ideas and alternative solutions CTPS 5 : Ability to make evidence-based decisions Grading Description Score Excellent Able to express opinion independently which leads to budding of new ideas without prompting or assistance Participates actively and achieves collective agreement by integrating ideas and able to come out with creative and innovative ideas 4 Good Able to express opinion with minimal prompting or assistance Participates actively and achieves collective agreement by integrating ideas 3 Satisfactory Able to express opinion with some prompting or assistance Participates actively but without achieving collective agreement or integrating ideas 2 Poor Unable to identify problem in simple and clear situation even with prompting or assistance Unable to express opinion even with prompting or assistance Does not participate actively 1
  • 18. Assessment grading: Communication Skills (CS1 – CS3) CS 1: Ability to present ideas clearly, effectively and confidently, in written andverbal forms CS 2: Ability to practice active listening skills and to give feedback CS 3: Ability to present clearly and confidently befitting the target group Grading Description Score Excellent Able to present the case by providing diagnosis and treatment plan or options clearly, effectively and confidently, in written and verbal forms Able to practice active listening skills and provideexcellent feedback Able to present the patient’s condition clearly confidently to the target group Able to discuss excellently and achieve an agreementAble to use non- verbal skills effectively 4 Good Able to present the case by providing diagnosis andtreatment plan or options clearly, effectively and confidently, in either written or verbal forms Able to practice active listening skills and providesufficient feedback Able to present the patient’s condition clearly to thetarget group Able to discuss and achieve an agreement Able to demonstrate usage of non-verbal skills 3 Satisfactory Able to present the case by providing diagnosis and treatment plan or options with few details in an organizedmanner Able to practice active listening skills and provide minimalfeedback Able to present the patient’s condition to the target group Able to discuss with patient and achieve an agreementwith assistance Able to demonstrate minimal usage of non-verbal skills 2 Poor Unable to present the case clearly, effectively andconfidently, be it in written or verbal form Unable to practice active listening skills and givefeedback Unable to present clearly and confidently befitting thetarget group Unable to discuss and achieve an agreementUnable to use non-verbal skills 1
  • 19. THE FIVE-POINT BONDY RATING SCALE Scale Label Score Standard of Procedure Quality of Performance Level of Assistance Required Independent 5 • Safe • Accurate • Achieved intended outcome • Behaviour is appropriate to context • Proficient • Confident • Expedient • No supporting cues required Supervised 4 • Safe • Accurate • Achieved intended outcome • Behaviour is appropriate to context • Proficient • Confident • Reasonably expedient • Requires occasional supporting cues Assisted 3 • Safe • Accurate • Achieved most objectives for intended outcome • Behaviour generally appropriate to context • Proficient throughout most of performance when assisted • Required frequent verbal and occasional physical directives in addition to supportive cues Marginal 2 • Safe only with guidance • Not completely accurate • Incomplete achievement of intended outcome • Unskilled • Inefficient • Required continuous verbal and frequent physical directives cues Dependent 1 • Unsafe • Unable to demonstrate behavior • Lack of insight into behavior appropriate to context • Unskilled • Unable to demonstrate behavior/ procedure • Required continuous verbal and continuous physical directives cues X 0 • Not observed
  • 20. EXAMINATION AND DIAGNOSIS (E&D) No Name: R/N: Date : DIAGNOSIS: GRADE COMMENTS 1. Demonstrate the proper practice of universal infectioncontrol 2. Identify and recordpatient’s chief complaint, past medical/dental history, systemicreview 3. Perform correctphysical examinationmethods 4. Order relevant investigations 5. Recognize and givedifferential diagnoses and definitive diagnosis 6. List treatment plan and discuss rationale of the treatment plan 7. Taking informed/verbal consent for relevant procedures Average score (PO2) 8. Demonstrate good bedside/chairside ethics (PO6) 9. Communication Skill (PO4) Lecturer’s Signature
  • 21. LOCAL ANAESTHESIA No Name: R/N: Date : GRADE COMMENTS TOOTH/TEETH: PROCEDURES: 1. Demonstrating the proper practice of universal infection control 2. Select the correct disposable hypodermic needle and screw it tightly into the hub of the empty syringe 3. Load the anaesthetic cartridge into the syringe and close the loaded syringe tightly 4. Express a little anaesthetic solutionto test the efficiency of the loadedsyringe 5. Correct positioning of operator and patient 6. Administration of LA 7. Testing the effectiveness of the local anaesthesia Average score (PO2) Lecturer’s Signature
  • 22. Patient’s name: R/N: Diagnosis: EXODONTIA No TOOTH/TEETH: GRADE COMMENTS PROCEDURES: 1. Demonstrating the proper practice of universal infection control 2. Selecting correct instruments 3. Correct positioning of operator and patient 4. Providing appropriate support for the jaw 5. Correct displacing movement of the tooth 6. Bleeding control 7. Post-extraction instructions 8. Drug prescription Average score(PO2) Lecturer’s Signature
  • 23. CHECKLIST AND MARKING SCHEME (OMFS CLINIC) CASE PRESENTATION MARK SHEET STUDENT'S NAME: MATRIC NO : MARKING SCHEME MARKS COMMENTS a) HISTORY (20) Good / Excellent Satisfactory / Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 b) PHYSICAL EXAMINATION (20) Good/Excellent Satisfactory/Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 c) PROVISIONAL/DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS (20) Good/Excellent Satisfactory / Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 d) INVESTIGATION (20) Good/Excellent Satisfactory / Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 e) MANAGEMENT AND DISCUSSION (20) Good / Excellent Satisfactory / Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 TOTAL: GENERAL COMMENT: PATIENT'S NAME AND REG. NO: DIAGNOSIS: Lecturer's Name and Signature: Date:
  • 24. CHECKLIST AND MARKING SCHEME CASE PRESENTATION (MINOR ORAL SURGERY) MARK SHEET STUDENT'S NAME: MATRIC NO : MARKING SCHEME MARKS COMMENTS a) HISTORY (20) Good / Excellent Satisfactory / Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 b) PHYSICAL EXAMINATION (20) Good/Excellent Satisfactory/Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 c) PROVISIONAL/DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS (20) Good/Excellent Satisfactory / Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 d) INVESTIGATION (20) Good/Excellent Satisfactory / Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 e) MANAGEMENT AND DISCUSSION (20) Good / Excellent Satisfactory / Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 TOTAL: GENERAL COMMENT: PATIENT'S NAME AND REG. NO: DIAGNOSIS: Lecturer's Name and Signature: Date:
  • 25. CHECKLIST AND MARKING SCHEME CASE PRESENTATION (WARD ROUND) MARK SHEET STUDENT'S NAME: MATRIC NO : MARKING SCHEME MARKS COMMENTS a) HISTORY (20) Good / Excellent Satisfactory / Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 b) PHYSICAL EXAMINATION (20) Good/Excellent Satisfactory/Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 c) PROVISIONAL/DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS (20) Good/Excellent Satisfactory / Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 d) INVESTIGATION (20) Good/Excellent Satisfactory / Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 e) MANAGEMENT AND DISCUSSION (20) Good / Excellent Satisfactory / Pass 16-20 10 –15 Poor 7-9 Very Poor < 7 TOTAL: GENERAL COMMENT: PATIENT'S NAME AND REG. NO: DIAGNOSIS: Lecturer's Name and Signature: Date:
  • 26. CASES OBSERVED DURING ONCALL - TAGGING NO. DATE PATIENT’S NAME AND R/N AGE DIAGNOSIS LECTURER’S COMMENTS/ SIGNATURE 1 2 3 4 5 6
  • 27. CASES OBSERVED DURING MINOR ORAL SURGERY CLINIC NO. DATE PATIENT’S NAME AND R/N AGE DIAGNOSIS LECTURER’S COMMENTS/ SIGNATURE 1 2 3 4 5 6
  • 28. CASES OBSERVED DURING ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY CLINIC NO. DATE PATIENT’S NAME AND R/N AGE DIAGNOSIS LECTURER’S COMMENTS/ SIGNATURE 1 2 3 4 5 6
  • 29. CASES OBSERVED IN ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY OPERATION THEATRE NO. DATE PATIENT’S NAME AND R/N AGE DIAGNOSIS/ PROCEDURE LECTURER’S COMMENTS/ SIGNATURE 1 2 3 4 5 6