Local governments and protected areas barborak and sever

The changing role of municipal governments in the protection of biodiversity and natural areas Jim Barborak* and Cat Sever Center for Protected Area Management and Training Colorado State University *Member, World Commission on Protected Areas IUCN / WCPA and Cities and Conservation Specialist Group, WCPA

Municipal governments already play a vital role in conserving natural heritage ,[object Object],[object Object],Image: Central Park, New York City, New York; photo by brooks215; courtesy of sxc.hu ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Image: São Paulo, taken from Pedra Grande in the Cantateira State Park - the most visited State Park in Brazil; photo by Glen Hyman The importance of municipal protected areas

Traditionally, the role of local governments in green issues in many nations was limited ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Image: Hampden Park in Eastbourne Borough, U.K.; photo by Mark Hansen; courtesy of sxc.hu

There has been much reform in the past 2 decades ,[object Object],[object Object],Image: Yoyogi Park, Tokyo, Japan; photo by Jacky Sen; courtesy of sxc.hu ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The situation continues to change ... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Image: Tiergarten Park, Berlin, Germany; photo by beedubz; courtesy of wikipedia.org

Promising examples ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Image: Perth, Australia and city parks; photo by Allan; courtesy of http://www.yourglobaltravelguide.com/1757/western-austalia-perth/

Promising example: Cape Town, South Africa Image: Sea Point Promenade in Cape Town; photo by Glen Hyman ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Katzschner et al. 2005. The City of Cape Town’s Biodiversity Strategy. In Ted Trzyna, ed., The Urban Imperative. California Institute of Public Affairs, Sacramento, California). The City of Cape Town’s Biodiversity Strategy strives to introduce a paradigm shift, including:

Promising example: Sanjay Gandhi National Park The Lungs of Mumbai ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Image: View of Mumbai from, a small zoo within SGNP; photo by Himanshu Sarpotdar; courtesy of wikipedia.org Image: SGNP is green area in north of Mumbai; map by Arun Ganesh; courtesy of wikipedia.org Image: Place Holder for woman on lion safari; currently obtaining permission for use

Promising example: The Mountains to Plains Project, Colorado, USA ,[object Object],Image: Red Mountain Open Space; photo by Rick Price; courtesy of Larimer County Natural Resources Department ,[object Object],[object Object],Image: Laramie Foothills-Mountains to Plains Project; courtesy of the Fort Collins Master Naturalist Program

Promising example: Xochimilco, Mexico City Image: Xochimilco Canals In Mexico City; photo by Vixander; courtesy of sxc.hu Image: Cows grazing in the Parque Ecol ó gico de Xochimilco; photo byJflo23; courtesy of wikipedia.org Image: A farmer weeding his crops on one of Xochimilco's remaining chinampas; photo byJflo23; courtesy of wikipedia.org ,[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],More promising examples Image: Tijuca National Park, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; photo courtesy of www.rioturismoradical.com.br/hiking.htm Image: Delaware River in New York’s Catskills; photo courtesy of the Catskill Association for Tourism Services Image: Cajas National Park in Ecuador, near Cuenca; photo by Delphine Ménard; courtesy of wikipedia.org

[object Object],[object Object],Protected areas managed by local governments complement the role of national governments ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Image: City park near Melbourne’s Central Business District, Australia; courtesy of sxc.hu

[object Object],[object Object],The role of other actors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Image: Central Park, New York City, New York; photo courtesy of www.nycvisit.com

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Recommendations ,[object Object],[object Object],Image: Khoroshevsky Forest Park, Moscow, Russia; photo by Vladimir Fofanov; courtesy of sxc.hu

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],More recommendations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Image: City park in Utrecht, the Netherlands; photo by Timo Balk; courtesy of sxc.hu

Image: Ramsar Wetland near Guayaquil, Ecuador; courtesy of Ministry of Environment, Ecuador Thank you! Gracias! Mercí! [email_address] For more information, please visit the websites of: IUCN WCPA Cities and Protected Areas Specialist Group http://www.interenvironment.org/pa/index.htm Larimer County Natural Resources Department www.co.larimer.co.us/naturalresources /laramie_foothills.htm Center for Protected Area Management and Training http://warnercnr.colostate.edu/cpam-home/ Natural England: http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/ourwork/conservation/designatedareas/lnr/default.aspx

Local governments and protected areas barborak and sever

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