Emboldened by the spirit of Manifest Destiny in the 1840s, the United States acquired vast new territories. Texas joined the union in 1845, followed by the Mexican War from 1846-1848 that resulted in the Mexican Cession of California and much of the Southwest. This reignited debates over the expansion of slavery and increased sectional tensions between the North and South.
Covers significant events that took place in the year 1848, including the end of the Mexican-American War with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the rises to fame of Frederick Douglass and Henry David Thoreau, the Seneca Falls Convention, and the beginning of the California gold rush.
Covers the ascendancy of the Whig Party in the mid-nineteenth century, focusing on the presidencies of William Henry Harrison and John Tyler and the Democrat James K. Polk.
II. Politics in Mexico• Mexico plagued by chronic politica.docxwilcockiris
II. Politics in Mexico
• Mexico plagued by chronic political instability
• 1821-1871- 50 Mexican presidents in office
• 1821-1848-almost all presidents overthrown
• Political factions: Centralists, Federalists,
• Mexican politics prevents consistent approach to problems with Texas Revolt
and Polk administration
Mexico’s 1824 Colonization Act
• Permitted foreign immigration into Southwest
• Plan intended to populate the region
• Develop the region economically
• Link the region with interior Mexico
• “Mexicanize the region”
• Buffer against American expansionism
Provisions of the 1824 act
• Immigrants Must:
• Adopt Mexican citizenship
• Be or become Catholics
• Obey Mexican laws
• Respect Mexican culture, customs and authority
Provisions, continued
• Economic incentives included:
• No taxes for up to seven years
• Purchase land in the following amounts:
• 640 acres per male
• 320 per female
• 160 per child
• 80 per slave
The Texas Revolt
A. Permission to settle:
Starting in 1821, Spain and then an Independent Mexico had granted permission to
Catholic (North) Americans to settle the sparsely populated territory of Texas.
B. Incentives for settlement:
Soon there was a great influx of Americans settlers into Texas. The land was practically
free--only 10¢ an acre as opposed to $1.25 an acre for inferior land in the U.S. Each male
colonists over twenty-one years of age was allowed to purchase 640 acres for himself, 320
acres for his wife, 160 acres for each child and, significantly, an additional 80 acres for
each slaves that he brought with him.
The numerical dominance of the American settlers:
1827: By 1827 there were some 12,000 United States citizens living in Texas, while there
were only 7,000 Mexicans.
1835: By 1835 the immigrant population had reached 30,000, while the Mexican population
had barely passed 7,800
The Mexican response to the influx of
Americans
1. Slavery was abolished:
The first important piece of legislation designed to prevent a further weakening of Mexican
control was President Guerrero's emancipation proclamation of 1829. Because slavery as
not important anywhere else in the republic, the measure was clearly directed at Texas.
Although manumission was not immediately enforced, it was hoped that the decree itself
would make Mexico less attractive to colonists from the U.S. South and would thus arrest
immigration.
2. Forbiddance of further immigration:
The colonization law of 1830 explicitly forbade all future immigration into Texas from the
United States and called for the strengthening of Mexican garrisons, the improvement of
economic ties between Texas and the remainder of Mexico by the establishment of a new
coastal trade, and the encouragement of increased Mexican colonization.
Texas Declaration of Independence
• 1835 document declaring independence from Mexico
• Outlines grievances against the Mexican government: lack
.
Mexican American War Essay
Mexican American War
The Mexican War Essay
The Mexican-American War Essay
Mexican American War Essay
The Mexican American War Essay
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
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role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
Welcome to the new Mizzima Weekly !
Mizzima Media Group is pleased to announce the relaunch of Mizzima Weekly. Mizzima is dedicated to helping our readers and viewers keep up to date on the latest developments in Myanmar and related to Myanmar by offering analysis and insight into the subjects that matter. Our websites and our social media channels provide readers and viewers with up-to-the-minute and up-to-date news, which we don’t necessarily need to replicate in our Mizzima Weekly magazine. But where we see a gap is in providing more analysis, insight and in-depth coverage of Myanmar, that is of particular interest to a range of readers.
ys jagan mohan reddy political career, Biography.pdfVoterMood
Yeduguri Sandinti Jagan Mohan Reddy, often referred to as Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy, is an Indian politician who currently serves as the Chief Minister of the state of Andhra Pradesh. He was born on December 21, 1972, in Pulivendula, Andhra Pradesh, to Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (popularly known as YSR), a former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, and Y.S. Vijayamma.
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
2. THEME
Emboldened with a spirit of
“Manifest Destiny” the United
States acquired vast territories
in the 1840s. The acquisition of
Texas and half of the Oregon
Territory was followed by the
Mexican War that yielded the
U.S. the vast Mexican Cession
and reignited the slavery
issue.
3. MANIFEST DESTINY IN THE 1840s
I. President John Tyler
A. Death of President Harrison, 1841
-- Vice President Tyler ascended to
the presidency
President William Henry
Harrison had only been in office
one month when he died of
pneumonia.
5. B. Tyler had Jacksonian views
-- Thwarted Webster & Clay
C. Signed bill to end Independent
Treasury System
D. Vetoed Clay’s attempt at a new
BUS
E. Tyler was expelled from his party
and his entire cabinet resigned
6. II. Manifest Destiny
A. Many Americans believed they
were destined to conquer the
continent
1. Really began with Jackson’s
Indian removal policies in 1830s
2. Definition coined by John L.
O’Sullivan
7. B. Election of 1844
1. Democrats nominated James K.
Polk
-- Sought to annex Texas and
take control of the Oregon
Territory
2. Whigs nominated Henry Clay
-- Clay’s mistaken strategy
3. Liberty Party
4. James K. Polk d. Henry Clay
14. III. Texas joins the Union
A. Republic of Texas lasted 9 years
B. Texas was the leading issue of the
1844 presidential campaign
C. Tyler pushed for annexation and
got a joint resolution from
Congress (during his lame-duck
period)
D. Mexico refused to recognize the
annexation
15. IV. President James K. Polk
A. One of the most successful oneterm presidents in U.S. history
B. Polk’s 4-point program
1. Walker Tariff of 1846: Lowered
rate from 32% to 25%
2. Restoration of Independent
Treasury System (1846)
3. Acquisition of California
4. Settlement of the Oregon
dispute with Britain
17. C. Oregon
1. British and U.S. claims
-- John Jacob Astor: American
Fur Company
2. Americans migrated
by the thousands into
Oregon south of the
Columbia River
a. Oregon Trail
b. British concerns
c. Polk abandoned the 54˚40’
campaign pledge
22. D. Causes of the Mexican War
1. Polk sought to buy California
from Mexico
a. California was the gateway to
the Pacific
b. Mexico severed diplomatic
relations with U.S. after Texas
annexation
c. Border dispute:
-- Nueces River vs. Rio
Grande
24. d. U.S. (Texas) claims against
Mexico: $3 million
e. John Slidell failed to
purchase California
25. 2. Declaration of war against Mexico
a. January, 1846: Polk sent Gen.
Zachary Taylor across the
Nueces River to the Rio Grande
Zachary Taylor became
America’s biggest war
hero after the Mexican
War and was elected
president the year it ended
in 1848
26. General Zachary Taylor crossed
the Nueces River and built a fort
on the northern bank of the Rio
Grande before Mexico attacked.
Fort Brown where
the war began
27. b. April, 1846: Mexican forces
crossed the Rio Grande and
attacked U.S. forces
i. Polk sent a war message to
Congress
ii. Congress overwhelmingly
voted for war
A U.S. officer is
killed defending
Fort Texas (Fort
Brown) during the
Mexican siege of the
fort in early May,
1846
28. c. “Conscience Whigs: a majority of
Whigs opposed the war in
principle (although only 14
voted
against declaring war)
i. “Spot resolutions”: Abe Lincoln
ii. Emerson: “Mexico will
poison us!”
iii. Henry David Thoreau: “Civil
Disobedience” (1849)
29. 3. U.S. invaded Mexico with a threepronged attack
a. California by land
b. California by sea
c. Invasion of central Mexico
i. General Zachary Taylor
General Santa Anna, who
had been defeated by Texas
in 1836, seized power in
Mexico again in 1846 and led
Mexico’s failed efforts to
repel the U.S. invasion.
32. 4. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
(Feb, 1848)
a. Provisions:
i. U.S. purchased California for
$15 million
ii. U.S. gained New Mexico and
Utah Territories
iii. U.S. gov’t to pay for Mexican
damages to Texas property
b. Senate ratification occurred
despite bitter debate
-- “Mexican Whigs”
35. 4.Results of Mexican War
a. Slavery issue reignited (most
important short-term result)
b. Wilmot Proviso, 1848
c. U.S. land increased by 1/3
d. 13,000 Americans died (mostly
due to disease)
e. Increased expansionist
sentiment
f. Negative turning point in
relations with Latin America
g. U.S. military experience
increased scope of Civil War
Emanuel Leutze, Westward the Course of Empire takes its Way, 1860 Wikipedia Commons
Image of Santa Anna: Wikipedia Commons
Image of Zachary Taylor: Painted by Joseph H. Bush Courtesy of White House Historical Association www.whitehousehistory.org/whha.../presidentshouse_taylor-01.html
Map of Oregon Territory: Wikipedia Commons
Wikipedia Commons
Public domain Wikipedia Commons
Public domain
Wikipedia Commons
Public domain
Source: Wikipedia Commons http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oregoncountry.png
Wikipedia Commons http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wpdms_republic_of_texas.svg
Painted by Joseph H. Bush Courtesy of White House Historical Association www.whitehousehistory.org/whha.../presidentshouse_taylor-01.html
Wikipedia Commons
Wikipedia Commons Author: Kaidor
Wikipedia Commons General Scottt’s entrance into Mexico in the Mexican-American War. Hand-colored lithograph; original size of painted area: 43.2×28.2 cm. 1851
Wikipedia Commons
Courtesy of the University of Texas Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin