Literature study & analysis on hospital design
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This presentation provides an overview of the key elements and divisions of a hospital building. It discusses the classification of hospitals based on size and ownership. The main divisions covered include administration, outpatient, diagnostic services, therapeutic services, inpatient, internal medical treatment, and general services. Floor plans and examples of department layouts are also presented, including the emergency department, administration, outpatient clinics, and more. Dimension guidelines and area requirements for different hospital sizes and departments are outlined based on international standards.
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Literature study & analysis on hospital design
- 2. A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment with specialized medical and nursing staff and medical equipment. HOSPITAL A district hospital typically is the major health care facility in its region, with a large number of beds for intensive care and additional beds for patients who need long-term care
- 3. CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS According to the size of the hospital: a. Mini size hospital; <50 bed. b. Mid size hospital; 50-250 beds. c. Big hospital; 250-500 bed. d. Huge hospital; >500 bed. According to the owners of the hospital: a. Private hospitals. b. Public hospitals; university hospitals,.. ete.
- 4. ELEMENTS AND DIVISIONS OF A HOSPITAL 1. Administration division. 2. Outpatients’ division, includes; • Outpatient clinics. • Pharmacy. • Emergency reception. 3. Diagnostic services division, includes • Laboratories. • Radiology (diagnostic). 4. Therapeutic services division, includes; • Physical Therapy. • Radiology (therapeutic).
- 5. 6. Inpatient division, includes; • Patient wards. • Nurses wards. • Inpatient services. 5. Internal medical treatment division, includes; • Operation Theatres. • Intensive Care unit. • Maternity section. • Central Sterilization Department. ELEMENTS AND DIVISIONS OF A HOSPITAL
- 6. SERVICE Kitchen Laundry Storages Workshops Mechanical services Mortuary. Security. Parking. Landscaping ADMINISTRATIVE DEVISION EMER- GENCY OUTPATIENT DIVISION DIAGNOSTIC SERVICES DIVISION SURGERY DELI- VERY NUR- SERY HEALTH CENTER Patients Staff of hospital Out patients Ambulance Staff Patients Visitors Service & Help NURSING STAGES OF A HOSPITAL
- 7. ENTRANCES AND CIRCULATION Entrances: •Patient visitors entrance. •External entrance. •Emergency entrance. •Service entrance. PATIENT VISITORS ENTRANCE EMERGENCY ENTRANCE ELEVATORS DIMENTIONS(m)
- 9. •Entrance + waiting area. •Registration. •Staff room. •Mini-surgery. •Test room. •Medical utilities. •Mini sterilization room. LOCATION: •Very close to the exit door of the emergency. •Very close to the radiology. •Close to the pharmacy, laboratories, and central sterilization. •Direct access to the stairs and elevators. PARTS AND COMPONENTS OF THE DIVISION:
- 10. AREA OF THE DEPARTMENT: U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): •100 bed hospital area = 100 m2 •200 bed hospital area = 215 m2. Examples for Emergency department 100 bed hospital , total area = 100 m2
- 11. ADMINISTRATION DIVISION RECORDS STAFF NURSING DEPT.HOSPITAL SOC. SER. ADMIT- TING LOBBY WAITING NURSES LOCKERS SUP’T NURSES SUP’T NURSES BUSINESS STAFF VISITORS PATIENTS TOILET INFO. TEL RET- IRE ROOM CASHIER TLET TEL CONFARENCE LONGE LOCKERS LIBRARY
- 12. • Reception hall. • Waiting area. • Registration. • Treasury and Accounts. • Staff offices. • General manager office. • Staff lounge. • Nursing head office. • WCs. LOCATION: •Very close to main entrance of the hospital. •Entrance area, registration, accounts should face the entrance, while the manager office should be back for privacy. PARTS AND COMPONENTS OF THE DIVISION:
- 13. U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): •50 bed hospital area = 214 m2 •100 bed hospital area = 363 m2 •200 bed hospital area = 567 m2 World bank estimations (Hopkinson & Kostermans): •50 bed hospital area = 199 m2 •100 bed hospital area = 328 m2 •200 bed hospital area = 409 m2 Example for admin department: 50 bed hospital , total area = 214 m2 AREA OF THE DEVISION
- 15. Example of admitting department
- 16. OUTPATIENTS DEPARTMENT TREATMENT DRUG DISPENSARY CONSULTA- TION OFFICE ADJUNCT DIGNISTIC FACILITIESA HOSPITAL RECORD ROOM STAFF LOCKERS HISTORY EXAMINATION SOCIAL SERVICE ADMITTING WAITING TOILET TEL APPOINT INFO. RECORDS OUT PATIENTS
- 17. •Consultation room. •Examination room. •Treatment room. •Waiting area. •Staff room. •WCs. LOCATION: •Very close to the main entrance of the hospital. •Close to the diagnostic services (labs and x-ray). •Close the pharmacy. •Must be in the ground floor PARTS AND COMPONENTS OF THE DIVISION:
- 18. Example for out patient department:
- 19. PHARMACY
- 20. DIAGNOSTIC SERVICES DIVISION PHY. THER- APY RADI- OLOGY LAB E.K.G B M R PHAR- MACR MORGUE AND AUT’PSY EXIT IN-PATIENTS OUT-PATIENTS AND HEALTH CENTER PATIENT
- 21. • Work area. • Waiting area. • Sample room. • Cleaning room. • Staff offices. • Utility room. • Storage LOCATION: •Very close to the emergency department and external clinics. •Easily accessible from internal division. •Easily accessible from maternity and surgery departments. •Accessibility from central storages. PARTS AND COMPONENTS OF THE DIVISION: THE MOST IMPORTANT LABS IN THE HOSPITAL ARE: • Chemical lab. • Bacteriology lab. • Histology lab. • Pathology lab. • Serology lab. • Hematology lab. • Microbiology lab.
- 22. Example of diagnostic service division
- 23. THERAPEUTIC SERVICES DIVISION TELETHERAPY UNIT LOCATION close to the x-ray therapy department.
- 24. THERAPEUTIC SERVICES DIVISION TELETHERAPY UNIT Example: Cobalt 60 room Section
- 25. PHYSICAL THERAPY. THERAPEUTIC SERVICES DIVISION PARTS AND COMPONENT OF THE DIVISION: • Waiting area • Office • Hydrotherapy • Exercise room • WCs
- 26. PHYSICAL THERAPY. THERAPEUTIC SERVICES DIVISION Example of physical therapy
- 27. OBSTETRICAL DEPARTMENT DELIVERY ROOMS LABOR ROOMS PATIENTS NURSES DOCTORS DOCT- ORS LOCK- ERS NUR- SES LOCK- ERS SCRUB UP SUPERVISOR SUB STERILIZING CLEAN UP SUPPLIES JANITOR CL. STRETCHERS
- 28. • Open room. 20-40 m2 •Operation. 26 m2 •WCs. •Utilities. 8 m2 •Office. 15 m2 •Unclean room. 8 m2 •Cleanup room. 5 m2 •Storage. 10 m2 •Waiting area. 10 m2 •Corridors w = 2.2 m LOCATION Very close to the newborn nursery and maternity unit Example of obstetrical department OBSTETRICAL DEPARTMENT
- 29. INTERNAL MEDICAL TREATMENT DIVISION OPERATION ROOM SCRUB UP DOCTORS LOCKERS NURSES LOCKERS SUB STERI- LIZING CLEAN UP SUPERVISOR INSTRUMENTL STOR STORAGE CENTRAL STERILIZING SUPPLIES ANESTHESIA ROOM FROZEN SECTION LAB PATIENTS DOCTORS NURSES OTHER HOSPI- TAL AREA
- 30. •Entrance. •Storage. •Preparation room. •Access area. •Staff clothes room + WCs. •Operation theatre. •Clean up room. •Sub sterilizing room. •Supervision room. •Staff lockers. LOCATION: •Very close to the intensive care division and should be touchable both of them. •Very close to the central sterilization division of the hospital. •Close to the inpatient wards. •Can be easily accessible from the emergency division. PARTS AND COMPONENTS OF THE DIVISION: INTERNAL MEDICAL TREATMENT DIVISION
- 31. Example of Internal medical treatment division or surgical suit INTERNAL MEDICAL TREATMENT DIVISION AREA OF THE DEPARTMENT: U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): •50 bed hospital area = 185 m2 •100 bed hospital area = 360 m2 •200 bed hospital area = 550 m2.
- 32. PARTS AND COMPONENTS OF THE DIVISION: •I.C.U space. INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
- 33. LOCATION: •Very close to the recovery room in the operation theatre. •Can be easily accessible from the emergency division by elevator. INTENSIVE CARE UNIT AREA OF THE DEPARTMENT: Must be designed 1-2 % of hospital beds.
- 34. PARTS AND COMPONENTS OF THE DIVISION: • Inpatient wards. 11.5m2/bed – 8m2/bed. • WCs. • Nursing station. Not less than 12m2 for 30 patients. • Treatment rooms. 10-15m2 for 60 patients. • Day rooms. 0.7m2/bed and not less than 15m2 • Nurses’ lounge. Not less than 12m2 • Storage. 8-12m2 • Kitchen. 12m2 • Doctor room. 15m2 The most suitable beds in the hospital is 20-40 patient / unit. INPATIENT DIVISION
- 35. BEDROOM STANDARD 1. Over bed light 2. Nurses' call 2A. Micro speaker in ceiling 3. Oxygen outlet 4. Suction outlet 5. Suction bottle bracket. 6. Night light-switch outside room door 7. Double duplex outlet 8. Telephone, radio, TV jacks SINGE BED (10’x15’) WALL ELEVATION
- 36. FOUR BED (20’to24’x18’) DOUBLE BED (13’-6”x15’) WALL ELEVATION 1. Over bed light 2. Nurses' call 2A. Micro speaker in ceiling 3. Oxygen outlet 4. Suction outlet 5. Suction bottle bracket. 6. Night light-switch outside room door 7. Double duplex outlet 8. Telephone, radio, TV jacks BEDROOM STANDARD
- 37. NURSING UNITE PATIENTS SOLARIA UTILITY TREAT- MENT NUR- SES STA- TION WAIT- ING LINEN STRE- TCH TOI- LET BATH FLOOR PANTRY FROOM KICHEN STAFF PATIENT VISITOR
- 38. Detail of nursing station and utility unite Example of nursing unit NURSING UNITE
- 39. HOSPITAL STAFF NURSES LOCKERS STAFF DINING HELP DINING HELP’S LOCKER KITCHEN CENTRAL STORAGE LAUN- DRY MAINTA- NANCE MECH’CAL PLANT FUEL CENTRAL LINENROOM HOUSE KEEPING BULK FOOD STORAG RECEIVING CLERK FORMULA ROOM SPECIAL DIRSTS SERVICE ENTRANCE AND HELP GENERAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT
- 40. SPACES OF THE DEPARTMENT: •Storage room. •Kitchen. •Preparing and supply area. •Cleaning. AREA OF THE DEPARTMENT: •100 bed hospital area = 195 m2 •200 bed hospital area = 355 m2 GENERAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT LOCATION: •In the ground floor. •Direct opening to the service entrance.
- 41. LAUNDRY DEPARTMENT SEWING ROOM CENTRAL LINEN RM FOLDING FLAT WORK IRONING SHAKEOUT TUMBLING W A S H I N G SOILED LINEN ROOM SORTING EXTRACTING PRESSING & HAND WASH 65% 30% 5% FROM ROOMS TO FLOOR LINEN CLOS.
- 43. PARTS AND COMPONENTS OF THE DIVISION: •Work space. •Receiving area. •Washing area. •Supplies storage. LOCATION: •Very close to the operation theatre and maternity division. •Can be easily accessible from the emergency division, laundry and central storages. CENTRAL STERILIZATION DIVISION
- 44. AREA OF THE DEPARTMENT: 1. U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): •100 bed hospital area = 65 m2 •200 bed hospital area = 110 m2 Or 0.6-0.9 m2/bed, 0.6 m2 for large hospitals and 0.9 m2 for small hospitals. CENTRAL STERILIZATION DIVISION Examples for central sterilization department 100 bed hospital area = 65 m2
- 45. SPACES OF THE DIVISION: •Office. •Dirty linen. •Clean linen. •Storage. •Laundry. •Mechanical room. HOUSEKEEPING DIVISION AREA OF THE DEPARTMENT: U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): • 50 bed hospital area = 150 m2 • 100 bed hospital area = 180 m2 200 bed hospital area = 270 m2 LOCATION: • In the ground floor. • Close to central storages
- 46. SPACES OF THE DIVISION: •Medicine storage. •Furniture storage. •Food storage. •Utilities storage. •Achieve. •General storages. AREA OF THE DEPARTMENT: 1. U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): •100 bed hospital area = 260 m2 •200 bed hospital area = 520 m2 Generally the area of the storages is 2-2.6m2 /bed. GENERAL STORAGES LOCATION: • In the ground floor. • Close to housekeeping and dietary division. • Direct access to the service entrance.
- 47. AREA OF THE DEPARTMENT: 1. U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): •50 bed hospital area = 25 m2 •100 bed hospital area = 45 m2 •200 bed hospital area = 70 m2 MORTUARY DIVISION LOCATION: • In the ground floor or basement floor. • Exit from emergency entrance or service entrance.
- 48. AREA OF THE DEPARTMENT: 1. WHO experts: •50 bed hospital area = 65 m2 •100 bed hospital area = 90 m2 MAINTENANCE WORKSHOPS LOCATION: • In the ground floor or basement floor. • Direct relation with service entrance.
- 49. CASE STUDY 01
- 55. CASE STUDY 02
- 63. TYPES OF SPACES There are 4 main categories of spaces in a hospital building which can be categorized as: • OPD • IPD • LABORATORIES • SERVICE
- 64. CASE STUDY 03 OTHERS CIRCULATION BED STAIR/ELEVATOR TOILET DOCTOR DIAGNISTIC STAFF LOCKER COMMERCIAL STORAGE STORAGE STORAGE KITCHEN DIAGNISTIC OUT PATIENT OUT PATIENT COMMERCIAL TRANSFUSION EMERGENCYOUT PATIENT VISITOR ENTRY GROUND FLOOR PLAN O.P.E M. ABDUR RAHIM MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL GE.
- 65. CIRCULATION PARKING LIFT AND GENERATOR BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN
- 66. OTHERS CIRCULATION BED STAIR/ELEVATOR TOILET DOCTOR STAFF FIRST FLOOR PLAN ICU CCU CARDIOLOGYCARDIOLOGY DIALISISSTORAGE STORAGE STORAGE GYNAE NURSERY ORTHO FEMALE ADMINISTRATION JAIL
- 67. OTHERS CIRCULATION BED STAIR/ELEVA. TOILET DOCTOR OPERATION CLASS ROOM SECOND FLOOR PLAN ORTHO MALE CABIN OPERATION GYNAE OPERATION SURGERY MALE CABIN
- 68. THIRD FLOOR PLAN CIRCULATION BED STAIR/ELEVATOR TOILET DOCTOR CLASS ROOM MEDICINE ( FEMALE) CABIN SURGERY FEMALE MEDICINE ( MALE)