Introduction to linked open data Libraries and museums on the semantic web Applications using linked data technologies

1. Linked Open DataLinked Open Data
HorváthHorváth ÁdámÁdám
Museum of Fine Arts, BudapestMuseum of Fine Arts, Budapest
MUZEUM@DIGITMUZEUM@DIGIT
Múzeumi Digitalizálási KonferenciaMúzeumi Digitalizálási Konferencia
Budapest, 2013. június 10–11.Budapest, 2013. június 10–11.

2. TerminologyTerminology
Linked Open Data (LOD)Linked Open Data (LOD)
Semantic webSemantic web (semweb)(semweb)
Open Linked DataOpen Linked Data
TThe web of Linked Open Datahe web of Linked Open Data
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

3. ContentContentss
Semantic web basicsSemantic web basics
Web and semantic webWeb and semantic web
Advantages of linked dataAdvantages of linked data
Cultural institutions on the semantic webCultural institutions on the semantic web
Semantic data examplesSemantic data examples
Semantic searchSemantic search
How to publish your dataHow to publish your data
Museum of Fine Arts and the semwebMuseum of Fine Arts and the semweb

4. Semantic web basicsSemantic web basics
SSet of linked RDF statementset of linked RDF statements
RDFRDF
– Resource Description FrameworkResource Description Framework
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

5. Semantic web basicsSemantic web basics
RDF statementRDF statement
– Abstract exampleAbstract example
• DeDeccameron’sameron’s author isauthor is BoccaccioBoccaccio
• SubjectSubject PredicatePredicate ObjectObject
Rules of RDF statementRules of RDF statement
– Subject, predicate must be URISubject, predicate must be URI
– Object can be URI or literalObject can be URI or literal
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

6. Semantic web basicsSemantic web basics
Concrete example (RDF/XML)Concrete example (RDF/XML)
– SubjectSubject
• <bibo:Document<bibo:Document
rdf:about="rdf:about="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/manifhttp://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/manif
estation/3078548estation/3078548">">
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

7. Semantic web basicsSemantic web basics
Concrete example (RDF/XML)Concrete example (RDF/XML)
– PredicatePredicate
• http://purl.org/dc/terms/creatorhttp://purl.org/dc/terms/creator
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

8. Semantic web basicsSemantic web basics
Concrete example (RDF/XML)Concrete example (RDF/XML)
– ObjectObject
• http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/auth/122083http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/auth/122083
– This URI identifies BoccaccioThis URI identifies Boccaccio
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

9. Semantic web basicsSemantic web basics
Concrete example (RDF/XML)Concrete example (RDF/XML)
– Subject, predicate, objectSubject, predicate, object ((fullfull URI)URI)
<bibo:Document<bibo:Document
rdf:about="rdf:about="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/manifeshttp://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/manifes
tation/3078548tation/3078548">">
<<http://purl.org/dc/termshttp://purl.org/dc/terms/creatorcreator
rdf:resource="rdf:resource="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/auth/http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/auth/
122083122083""/>/>
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

10. Semantic web basicsSemantic web basics
Concrete example (RDF/XML)Concrete example (RDF/XML)
– Subject, predicate, object (abbreviated URI)Subject, predicate, object (abbreviated URI)
• http://purl.org/dc/termshttp://purl.org/dc/terms/creatorcreator -> dcterms:creator-> dcterms:creator
<bibo:Document<bibo:Document
rdf:about="rdf:about="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/
manifestation/3078548manifestation/3078548">">
<dcterms:creator<dcterms:creator
rdf:resource="rdf:resource="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resourchttp://nektar.oszk.hu/resourc
e/auth/122083e/auth/122083""/>/>
<<dc:creatordc:creator>>Boccaccio, Giovanni (1313-Boccaccio, Giovanni (1313-
1375)</dc:creator1375)</dc:creator>>
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

11. Semantic web basicsSemantic web basics
Predicates of the previous pagesPredicates of the previous pages
– bibo:Documentbibo:Document
– dcterms:creatordcterms:creator
– dc:creatordc:creator
Prefixes represent element setsPrefixes represent element sets
– CRMCRM
Strings after the colon are theStrings after the colon are the
properties of the element setproperties of the element set
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

12. Semantic web basicsSemantic web basics
Statements can be linked togetherStatements can be linked together
easilyeasily
– The object of a statement can be theThe object of a statement can be the
subject of anothersubject of another
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

13. Web and the semantic webWeb and the semantic web
The web links pagesThe web links pages
The semantic web links dataThe semantic web links data
The web is similar to a documentThe web is similar to a document
The semantic web is similar to a databaseThe semantic web is similar to a database
– RDF is the format of the databaseRDF is the format of the database
– This database is independent from any applicationThis database is independent from any application
The web was created for humansThe web was created for humans
The semantic web was created for machinesThe semantic web was created for machines
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

14. AdvantageAdvantagess of linked dataof linked data
The linked data can provide a uniformThe linked data can provide a uniform
access mechanismaccess mechanism
– The linked data can be considered as aThe linked data can be considered as a
worldwide APIworldwide API
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

15. Advantages of linked dataAdvantages of linked data
technologytechnology
There are problems that can be solvedThere are problems that can be solved
more easily with using semantic webmore easily with using semantic web
technologytechnology
– National Széchényi Library uses triplestoreNational Széchényi Library uses triplestore
and SPARQL to retrieve all editions of aand SPARQL to retrieve all editions of a
certain workcertain work
– Oracle uses PROV to track changes overOracle uses PROV to track changes over
time for metadata from heterogeneoustime for metadata from heterogeneous
systemssystems
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

16. Semantic web and the culturalSemantic web and the cultural
institutionsinstitutions
The data of cultural institutions can beThe data of cultural institutions can be
shared by the means of a generallyshared by the means of a generally
used toolused tool
The cultural data can have a newThe cultural data can have a new
meaning in this environmentmeaning in this environment
The data of cultural institutions can beThe data of cultural institutions can be
transferred into RDF statementstransferred into RDF statements
relatively easyrelatively easy
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

17. The semweb and the culturalThe semweb and the cultural
institutionsinstitutions
The main role is to publish the dataThe main role is to publish the data
– Crating semantic web applications is theCrating semantic web applications is the
task of software developerstask of software developers
Cultural institutions can use semanticCultural institutions can use semantic
web technologiesweb technologies
Cultural institutions can use semanticCultural institutions can use semantic
web to enrich their own dataweb to enrich their own data
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

18. Libraries on the semantic webLibraries on the semantic web
The full library contentsThe full library contents
– LIBRIS (Union Catalogue of Sweden)LIBRIS (Union Catalogue of Sweden)
– National SzéchényiNational Széchényi LibraryLibrary
Bibliographical dataBibliographical data
– British LibraryBritish Library
– Deutsche National BibliothekDeutsche National Bibliothek
– Biblioteca Nacional de EspaBiblioteca Nacional de Españñaa
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

19. Museums on the semantic webMuseums on the semantic web
Yale Centre of British ArtYale Centre of British Art
– Full collectionFull collection
– Also supporter of open data (and pictures)Also supporter of open data (and pictures)
– TMS userTMS user
Smithsonian American Art MuseumSmithsonian American Art Museum
– Full collectionFull collection
– Links to Dbpedia, ULANLinks to Dbpedia, ULAN
– TMS userTMS user
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

20. Museums on the semantic webMuseums on the semantic web
MuseumFinlandMuseumFinland
Amsterdam MuseumAmsterdam Museum
LODAC Museum (Japan): 114 museumLODAC Museum (Japan): 114 museum
Italian MuseumsItalian Museums
– http://http://www.linkedopendata.it/datasets/museiwww.linkedopendata.it/datasets/musei
British MuseumBritish Museum
– Online CollectionOnline Collection
– http://collection.britishmuseum.org/http://collection.britishmuseum.org/
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

21. Europeana on the semantic webEuropeana on the semantic web
Europeana Data Model (EDM)Europeana Data Model (EDM)
– First implementation: Europeana Linked DataFirst implementation: Europeana Linked Data
PilotPilot
• data.europeana.eudata.europeana.eu
– Technical descriptionTechnical description
• http://http://pro.europeana.eupro.europeana.eu/web/guest/tech-details/web/guest/tech-details
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

22. Semantic data examplesSemantic data examples
Yale Centre of British ArtYale Centre of British Art
– Via a link on an HTML pageVia a link on an HTML page
– http://http://
collections.britishart.yale.edu/vufind/Record/36collections.britishart.yale.edu/vufind/Record/36
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

27. http://collection.britishart.yale.edu/id/object/8052

28. How to see semantic dataHow to see semantic data
Yale Centre of British ArtYale Centre of British Art
– Via a link on an HTML pageVia a link on an HTML page
• http://collections.britishart.yale.edu/vufind/Rechttp://collections.britishart.yale.edu/vufind/Rec
ord/3646000ord/3646000
– Via SPARQL endpointVia SPARQL endpoint
• http://collection.britishart.yale.edu/sparqlhttp://collection.britishart.yale.edu/sparql
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

31. Semantic web browsSemantic web browsersers
DiscoDisco
DotAcDotAc
EldaElda
MarblesMarbles
OpenLinkDataExplorerOpenLinkDataExplorer
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest
RippleRipple
SIOC BrowserSIOC Browser
Sig.maSig.ma
TabulatorTabulator
ZitgistZitgist
Source:Source:
http://http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/wiki/Category:Semantic_Web_Browserwww.w3.org/2001/sw/wiki/Category:Semantic_Web_Browser

32. Semantic web browersSemantic web browers
OpenLink Data ExplorerOpenLink Data Explorer
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

33. Semantic web browersSemantic web browers
OpenLink Data ExplorerOpenLink Data Explorer
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

34. Semantic web browersSemantic web browers
OpenLink Data ExplorerOpenLink Data Explorer
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

36. Semantic searchSemantic search
Europeanna ConnectEuropeanna Connect
– WP1 Creating the Europeana SemanticWP1 Creating the Europeana Semantic
LayerLayer
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

38. Semantic web applicatonsSemantic web applicatons

39. Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

40. Semantic SearchSemantic Search
works showing matching personworks showing matching person
works showing locationworks showing location
works showing conceptworks showing concept
works titledworks titled
works created fromworks created from
works with matching locationworks with matching location
works showing a more specific locationworks showing a more specific location
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

41. Semantic searchSemantic search
ResearchSpaceResearchSpace
– http://www.researchspace.org/online-http://www.researchspace.org/online-
researchresearch
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

42. Semantic searchSemantic search
ResearchSpaceResearchSpace
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?https://www.youtube.com/watch?
feature=player_embedded&v=HCnwgq6ebfeature=player_embedded&v=HCnwgq6eb
AsAs

43. Site based on linked dataSite based on linked data
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

44. How to publish your dataHow to publish your data
Convert your data into RDF statementsConvert your data into RDF statements
– EDM, CIDOC_CRMEDM, CIDOC_CRM
Create external linksCreate external links
Load the statements into a triplestoreLoad the statements into a triplestore
– Jena, Virtuoso, etc.Jena, Virtuoso, etc.
Advertise your dataset inAdvertise your dataset in
– http://datahub.io/http://datahub.io/
– Your homepageYour homepage
– In email listsIn email lists
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

45. Useful informationUseful information
Cool URIs for the Semantic WebCool URIs for the Semantic Web
– http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-cooluris-http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-cooluris-
20080331/20080331/
How to Publish Linked Data on the WebHow to Publish Linked Data on the Web
– http://www4.wiwiss.fu-http://www4.wiwiss.fu-
berlin.de/bizer/pub/LinkedDataTutorial/berlin.de/bizer/pub/LinkedDataTutorial/
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

46. Museum of Fine ArtsMuseum of Fine Arts and semweband semweb
The museum has already decided toThe museum has already decided to
take part in a project aiming to publishtake part in a project aiming to publish
the metatada on the semantic webthe metatada on the semantic web
Linked Open Data – Ádám Horváth - Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest

47. adam.horvathadam.horvath@@szepmuveszti.huszepmuveszti.hu
Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention