A quick summary and notes regarding lessons 1 - 2 of Life and Works of Rizal

1. Lessons 1-2
Life and Works of Rizal

2. Lesson 1 - Introduction and Passing of Rizal Law
(RA 1425)

3. Republic Act 1425 - Rizal Law (June 12, 1956)
• Senator Claro M. Recto (author)
• Senator Jose P. Laurel (sponsored)
• President Ramon Magsaysay (signed into
law)
• An act to include in the curricula of all public
and private schools, colleges and universities
courses on the life, works and writings of Jose
Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere
and El Filibusterismo, authorizing the printing
and distribution thereof, and for other purposes
• Opponents of Rizal Law
◦ Sen. Mariano Cuenco
▪ Rizal attacked the practices and beliefs of the
church
◦ Sen. Decoroso Rosales
▪ Brother of Julio Rosales, an archbishop
◦ Sen. Francisco “Soc” Rodrigo
▪ President, Catholic Action of the Philippines
▪ Should not create a conflict between
nationalism and religion between government and
churches

4. Republic Act 1425 - Rizal Law (June 12, 1956)
• Patriotic Objectives
◦ To rededicate the lives of youth to the
ideals of freedom and nationalism, for which our
heroes lived and died
◦ To pay tribute to our national hero for
devoting his life and works in shaping the
Filipino character
◦ To gain an inspiring source of patriotism
through the study of Rizal’s life, works, and
writings
◦ To recognize the importance of Rizal’s
ideals and teachings in relation to present
conditions and situations in the society.
◦ To encourage the application of such
ideals in current social and personal problems
and issues.
◦ To develop an appreciation and deeper
understanding of all that Rizal fought and died
for
◦ To foster the development of the Filipino
youth in all aspects

5. Lesson 1 - Rizal as a Filipino Hero

6. Hero
- a person who is admired for achievements and noble qualities and a
prominent or central personage taking an admirable action

7. Selection And Proclamation Of National Heroes And Laws
Honoring Filipino Historical Figures
• No law, executive order or proclamation has been enacted or issued officially
proclaiming any Filipino historical figure as a national hero.
• Aside from Rizal, the only other hero given an implied recognition as a
national hero is Andres Bonifacio whose day of birth on November 30 has been
made a national holiday.
• Heroes, according to historians, should not be legislated. Their appreciation
should be better left to academics. Acclamation for heroes would be recognition
enough.

8. Criteria for Choosing a Hero
• a concept of nation and thereafter aspire and struggle for the nation’s
freedom.
• who define and contribute to a system or life of freedom and order for a nation.
• part of the people’s expression.
• The choice of a hero involves not only the recounting of an episode or events
in history, but of the entire process that made this particular person a hero. (Dr.
Alfredo Lagmay)

9. Rizal as a Filipino Hero
• the first Filipino to unite and awaken the Filipino people to peacefully rise for
independence.
• Model peacemaker by his complete self denial, his complete abandonment of
his personal interest and to think only of his country and people
• a towering figure in the propaganda campaign from 1882-1896
• martyr at Bagumbayan

10. Nationalism vs Patriotism
• Nationalism
◦ Belief that the nation sits at the top of a
hierarchy of nations
◦ Your nation’s interests are inherently
more important than any other country
◦ Geopolitics is a zero-sum battle of nations
• Patriotism
◦ Love of country and culture
◦ Can love your own nation without thinking
that it’s objectively better.

11. Lesson 2 - Jose Rizal’s Genealogy and Early
Education

12. Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (June 19,
1861 - 23:00 to 00:00)
• Jose - chosen by his mother who was a
devotee of the Christian saint San Jose (St.
Joseph)
• Protacio - St. Protacio
• Rizal - adapted in 1850 due to Royal Decree
of 1849 upon the order of Gov. Narciso Claveria
◦ Shortened form for “second crop”
• Alonzo - mother’s surname
• Y - and
• Realonda - used by Doña Teodora from the
surname of her godmother
• Mercado - adopted in 1731 by Domigo
Lamco, means market

13. Early Education
• Early education in Calamba and Biñan
• 4R’s (Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, Religion)
• Mother was his first teacher
• Private Tutors
◦ Maestro Celestino
◦ Maestro Lucas Padua
◦ Leon Monroy - family friend and tutor who died within 5 months of tutoring.

14. Early Religious Formation
• Baptised at June 22, 1861
• Rizal grew up a good Catholic
• Father Leoncio Lopez
◦ Real Padre Florentino of El Filibusterismo
◦ Filipino priest at the church across the street (San Juan Bautista parish church of Calamba), and a
friend of the Mercado family
• June 6, 1868 - Jose and his father left for Calamba to go on a pilgrimage to Antipolo, in order to fulfill
his mother’s vow which was made when Rizal was born.
◦ First trip across Laguna de Bay and pilgrimage to Antipolo
◦ Went to Manila after the shrine of the Virgin of Antipolo

15. Early Religious Writings and Experiences
Al Niňo Jesus (To the Child Jesus)
● Octave real / short poem with 8 verses
Sa Aking mga Kababata
A La Virgen Maria (To the Virgin Mary)
● Sonnet written in December 3, 1876 in
Ateneo
Alianza intima la religion y la educacion (An
Intimate Alliance of Religion and Education)
◦ Written at 15 years old
◦ Education without God is not true education.
Parable of the Moth
◦ Greatest influence was his mother Teodora
Alonso (Lolay)
◦ Lolay held storytelling lessons from Amigo de
los Niños (The Children’s Friend)
◦ Value of obedience to one’s parents

16. Domingo Lam-Co
• Full blooded Chinese immigrant from Amoy China in the late 17th Century
Ines de la Rosa
• Wife of Domingo Lam-Co
• Traces of Japanese, Spanish, Malay, and Negro ancestry
Captain Juan Mercado
• Rizal’s grandfather and Gobernadorcillo or Mayor of Biñan
Cirala Alejandra
• Rizal’s grandmother and daughter of Maria Guiño
• Had 13 Children

17. Ancestry Clan
Domingo Lam-Co
• Full blooded Chinese immigrant from Amoy China in the late
17th Century
Ines de la Rosa
• Wife of Domingo Lam-Co
• Traces of Japanese, Spanish, Malay, and Negro ancestry
Captain Juan Mercado
• Rizal’s grandfather and Gobernadorcillo or Mayor of Biñan
Cirala Alejandra
• Rizal’s grandmother and daughter of Maria Guiño
• Had 13 Children
1. Petrona Mercado
2.
Gabino Mercado
3.
Potenciana Mercado
4.
Leoncio Mercado
5.
Tomasa Mercado
6.
Casimiro Mercado
7.
Basilisa Mercado
8.
Gabriel Mercado
9.
Fausta Mercado
10.
Julian Mercado
11.
Cornelio Mercado
12.
Gregorio Mercado
13.
Francisco Mercado

18. Ancestry Clan
Francisco Mercado, 1818 - 1898
● Rizal’s Father, youngest of 13 offsprings of Juan
and Cirila Mercado
●
Born in Biñan on April 18, 1818
●
Studied in San Jose College, Manila, and died in
Manila
Teodora Alonso, 1827 - 1913
●
Rizal’s mother, 2nd child of Lorenzo Alonso and
Brijida de Quintos
●
Business-minded, courteous, religious, hard-
working, well-read
●
Born in Santa Cruz, Manila on November 14, 1827
and died in Manila, 1913
Children
◦ Saturnina Rizal, 1850 - 1913
▪ Eldest child who married Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo of
Tanauan, Batangas
◦ Paciano Rizal, 1851 - 1913
▪ 2nd child and only brother of Rizal
▪ Became a farmer and later a general of the
Philippine Revolution
◦ Narcisa Rizal, 1852 - 1939
▪ 3rd child and teacher who married Antonio Lopez of
Morong, Rizal

19. Ancestry Clan
● Olympia Rizal, 1855 - 1887
a. 4th child and married Silvestre Ubaldo,
died in 1887 due to childbirth
● Lucia Rizal, 1857 - 1919
a. 5th child and married Matriano Herbosa
● Maria Rizal, 1859 - 1945
a. 6th child and married Daniel Faustino Cruz
of Binan, Laguna
● Jose Rizal, 1861 - 1896
a. 7th child and 2nd son, executed on
December 30, 1896
● Concepcion Rizal, 1862 - 1865
○ 8th child, died at age of 3
● Josefa Rizal, 1865 -1945
○ 9th child, epileptic and died a spinster.
● Trinidad Rizal, 1868 - 1951
○ 10th child, last to die and a spinster
● Soledad Rizal, 1870 - 1929
○ 11th child and youngest, married
Pantaleon Quintero