Li, Q, Aiha 2009 Hospital Air Surveillance And Q Pcr 5 27 2009
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1. Hospital infections by fungi, bacteria, and viruses are a serious concern, especially for patients who are infants, elderly, immunocompromised, or have had surgery. 2. Monitoring of mold and bacteria in hospital environments found that the hospital kitchen is an important source of mold contamination. Air sampling using PCR methods found Aspergillus in specific locations correlating with a patient case. 3. Real-time PCR allows for rapid, specific, and reliable detection of airborne pathogens from hospital air samples, providing results within 1-2 hours. It can detect multiple microorganisms simultaneously and provides safer testing than culture methods.
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![Hospital Air Surveillance: Air Sampling and Rapid Testing by Real-Time PCR Quanyi “Charlie” Li, Ph.D. EMSL Analytical, Inc [email_address] Presented on AIHCe’ 09, Toronto, Canada Date: 06/01/2009](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/liqaiha2009hospitalairsurveillanceandqpcr5272009-12672342427394-phpapp02/85/Li-Q-Aiha-2009-Hospital-Air-Surveillance-And-Q-Pcr-5-27-2009-1-320.jpg)
![Hospital infections ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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This research letter summarizes a study investigating the environmental contamination of SARS-CoV-2 from symptomatic patients. Samples were collected from various surfaces in the rooms of 3 patients, as well as air samples and samples from healthcare workers' personal protective equipment (PPE). One patient's room tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on 13 of 15 room surfaces and 3 of 5 toilet surfaces before routine cleaning, but all surfaces tested negative after cleaning. Air samples and most PPE samples were negative, except for one shoe sample. The findings suggest fomite and fecal-oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 are possible, but current cleaning procedures are sufficient to decontaminate the environment.
Hospital acquired infections (HAI)
This document provides an overview of the laboratory diagnosis of common hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). It discusses the major causative agents and diagnostic methods for urinary tract infections (UTIs), nosocomial pneumonia, surgical site infections (SSIs), and catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs). Standard diagnostic tests include urine culture, sputum culture, wound culture, and blood culture. Microscopic examination, antigen detection assays, and molecular techniques like PCR are also used. An accurate laboratory diagnosis is important to identify the infecting organism and guide appropriate antibiotic treatment for HAIs.
Laboratory diagnosis of hospital acquired infections(nosocomial infections)
This document discusses laboratory diagnosis of common hospital-acquired infections. It begins by defining hospital-acquired infections and explaining their global impact. The most common types of infections are then outlined, including UTIs, pneumonia, surgical site infections, and catheter-related bloodstream infections. For each of these top four infections, the document discusses the main causative agents and important laboratory diagnostic methods. These include urine culture and analysis for UTIs, sputum culture and imaging for pneumonia, wound culture and blood tests for surgical site infections, and blood culture for catheter-related bloodstream infections. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of accurate and timely diagnosis of hospital-acquired infections.
Sdrajani
This document summarizes a study on multidrug resistant organisms and their antibiotic resistance patterns among intensive care unit patients in Surat City, India. The study found that Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella species were the most common causes of healthcare-associated infections. It also found high resistance of these organisms to cephalosporins but that amikacin and imipenem were the most effective antibiotics. Regular monitoring of resistance patterns was deemed important for guiding empirical treatment of infections in ICU patients.
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The document discusses the role of the hospital environment in the transmission of pathogens and healthcare-associated infections. It is estimated that 20% of pathogens causing infections in the intensive care unit come from the environment. Surfaces in patient rooms are often contaminated with pathogens, and contact with these surfaces can lead to healthcare worker contamination. Improved cleaning has been shown to reduce transmission of certain pathogens like C. difficile and VRE. The infectious dose may be very low for some environmental pathogens. The document examines various studies on the role of the environment in transmission and potential strategies to reduce environmental contamination.
Hospital outbreak of middle east respiratory syndrome
This study describes a hospital outbreak of 23 cases of MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus) infection in Saudi Arabia between April and May 2013. The outbreak originated from multiple community introductions and spread within the hospital, primarily affecting patients undergoing dialysis and those in the intensive care unit (ICU). The median incubation period was estimated to be 5.2 days, and the median serial interval was 7.6 days. Phylogenetic analysis showed the viruses formed a monophyletic clade, indicating a common source. Most cases involved older males with underlying conditions like diabetes, renal disease, cardiac or lung disease.
Community acquired pneumonia
Community Acquired Pneumonia is an inflammatory lung condition caused by infection. It is defined as pneumonia occurring outside of a hospital setting. Respiratory infections are the leading cause of doctor visits. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common pathogen identified, causing around 46% of cases. Risk factors include older age, smoking, lung disease, and conditions that impair immunity or clearance of secretions. Diagnosis involves assessing severity, likely pathogens, and testing sputum, blood, or urine depending on the suspected germ. Most cases are treated initially with antibiotics at home or in the hospital depending on severity. Vaccines can help prevent many types of community acquired pneumonia.
Preliminary_Indoor_Air_Microbiological_A
This study evaluated the indoor air quality of seven wards at Daeyang Luke Hospital in Malawi. Air samples were collected from the wards using settle plates exposed for 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The samples were incubated to determine bacterial and fungal colony-forming units per cubic meter (CFU/m3) of air. Bacterial CFU/m3 ranged from 366 to 3495 across wards, while fungal CFU/m3 ranged from 786 to 3993. The emergency ward and female surgical ward had the highest bacterial and fungal levels respectively. Most wards exceeded recommended indoor air quality guidelines. The results indicate that indoor environmental factors at the hospital favor bacterial and fungal growth,
TRENDS IN OPERATION THEATER SURVEILLANCE AND SAFETY by Dr.T.V.Rao MD and Dr...
TRENDS IN OPERATION THEATER SURVEILLANCE AND SAFETY by Dr.T.V.Rao MD and Dr...Society for Microbiology and Infection care
This document discusses trends in operation theater surveillance and safety. It emphasizes the importance of proper maintenance of facilities like air conditioning and ventilation systems, as well as strict adherence to disinfection and sterilization protocols. Close monitoring of airborne pathogens through regular microbiological surveillance is recommended, using techniques suited to environmental sampling. Adherence to infection control guidelines by all staff, along with training programs, can greatly reduce surgical site infection rates. Routine testing for anaerobic spores may no longer be necessary with improved sterilization practices.Diagnosis Of Pulmonary Tb
This document summarizes the key steps in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), including:
1) Screening high-risk individuals with the Mantoux tuberculin skin test.
2) Obtaining a thorough medical history and physical exam to identify symptoms and risk factors.
3) Performing a chest x-ray, which can show abnormalities suggestive of TB but is not definitive.
4) Examining sputum samples under a microscope for acid-fast bacilli, which is rapid but not highly sensitive, and culturing samples, which is more sensitive but takes longer.
3) Integrating clinical, radiological and laboratory findings to make a presumptive or confirmed diagnosis of TB
Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
This document discusses the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. It emphasizes that diagnosis requires a combination of clinical presentation, medical history, physical examination, chest radiography, and bacteriological examination. Sputum smear microscopy and mycobacterial culture are important for laboratory confirmation, with culture being the gold standard. A presumptive diagnosis of tuberculosis can be made if acid-fast bacilli are seen on smear, but treatment should not be initiated solely on this basis without further evaluation.
Similar to Li, Q, Aiha 2009 Hospital Air Surveillance And Q Pcr 5 27 2009 (20)
PATTERN OF HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF SUEZ CANAL U...
PATTERN OF HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF SUEZ CANAL U...
Laboratory diagnosis of hospital acquired infections(nosocomial infections)
Laboratory diagnosis of hospital acquired infections(nosocomial infections)
Hospital outbreak of middle east respiratory syndrome
Hospital outbreak of middle east respiratory syndrome
TRENDS IN OPERATION THEATER SURVEILLANCE AND SAFETY by Dr.T.V.Rao MD and Dr...
TRENDS IN OPERATION THEATER SURVEILLANCE AND SAFETY by Dr.T.V.Rao MD and Dr...
Li, Q, Aiha 2009 Hospital Air Surveillance And Q Pcr 5 27 2009
- 1. Hospital Air Surveillance: Air Sampling and Rapid Testing by Real-Time PCR Quanyi “Charlie” Li, Ph.D. EMSL Analytical, Inc [email_address] Presented on AIHCe’ 09, Toronto, Canada Date: 06/01/2009
- 5. Monitoring mold and bacteria in a hospital
- 6. Perdelli F et al. (2006): Fungal contamination in Hospital environments, Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 27: 44-47 Hospital Kitchen is an Important source for mold !
- 7. Theresa Hahn (2002): Efficacy of high-efficiency particulate air filtration in preventing Aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients with hematologic malignancies , Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 23: 525-531 SW = stairwell; E = elevator; NS = nurses’ station; +: > 0 to 1CFU/m3; ++: > 1 to 10 CFU/m3; +++: > 10 to 100 CFU/m3; ++++: > 100 CFU/m3; Red stars: location of patient with aspergillosis. HEPA Controlled Area (bone marrow transplant wing) Roswell Park Cancer Institute, NY
- 11. Air Sampling Cassette: PCR Cassette 0.45 um polycarbonate
- 12. Air Sampling Cassette: Via-Cell
- 13. qPCR vs. Culture
- 17. Shiomori T et al. (2002) Evaluation of bed making-related airborne and surface MRSA contamination, J. Hosp. Infect. 50: 30-35 MRSA in Hospital Air
- 19. PCR detection of Influenza virus in air samples
- 20. Swabs, Clinical Labs !