Lesson5 russia europe’s energy power house
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The document discusses Europe's increasing reliance on energy imports and the geopolitical issues this presents. It notes that most of Europe's natural gas comes from Russia via pipelines running through Ukraine and Belarus, and that Russia has halted gas flows during pricing disputes, leaving countries without heat in winter. The EU is seeking to diversify its energy sources by projects like Nabucco pipeline to reduce dependence on Russia, but these alternatives can only meet a small part of demand. Russia is also building new pipelines like Nord Stream that bypass transit states, strengthening its position as Europe's main energy supplier.
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![Energy supply pathways into / within Europe key terms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],How energy flows from its produces to the consumer, including the route it takes on its way A Russian gas company controlling 92% of Russia's production, 25% of Europe’s and 4% of the UK’s The study of the ways in which political decisions and processes affect the way space and resources are used. Relationship between geography, economics and politics A state or country through which energy flows on way from producer to consumer](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Today EU’s and most of the countries’ main concern is energy security. How they reach energy at an affordable price, reliable, diverse and abundant supplies, is the main question. Moreover, energy security composed of commonly with Supply ‘Consumers’, Transportation, Demand ‘Producers’ and Physical Security ‘Producer and Consumer’. Because there is a struggle over resources, EU, ‘national and supranational governance’ should take challenges, opportunities well in to consideration
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Fukushima Nuclear Disaster Impact on Global LNG Prices
The Fukushima nuclear disaster led to a reduction in nuclear power generation globally. This has increased demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a replacement, putting upward pressure on LNG prices. Germany decided to phase out all nuclear power by 2022, which will significantly increase its demand for natural gas. Other European countries are also reviewing their reliance on nuclear power. Higher LNG prices are benefiting exporters like Russia but increasing costs for importers such as Japan, China, and other Asian nations. The long-term impact on global energy markets and prices remains uncertain.
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This document discusses energy security and the challenges of meeting global energy demand. It notes that while some countries have access to domestic fossil fuel reserves, many rely on imports along vulnerable international trade routes. Disruptions to energy supply could have significant economic and social impacts. The document also explores options for transitioning to renewable and sustainable energy sources to improve long-term energy security while reducing environmental impacts.
Energy and security
This document provides an overview of energy security challenges in Asia and examines the energy profiles and strategies of major countries in the Asia-Pacific region. It finds that all countries are increasingly dependent on foreign energy sources and vulnerable to supply disruptions. Key countries are diversifying their sources of supply but also enhancing their naval and military capabilities to secure strategic waterways. There is a need for greater cooperation on issues like collective stockpiling and development of alternative energy, to help address shared energy security concerns.
Energy security- Geography
The document discusses several topics related to global energy security including:
- Types of energy sources and factors affecting energy reserves and consumption around the world
- Issues with energy supply and demand in regions like Europe, Asia, and Africa
- Threats to energy security including dependency on imports, political instability, and human/physical factors
- Examples of disruptions to energy supplies between Russia and Europe
- Options for increasing energy supply and the impacts of developing resources like Canada's oil sands
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Energy demand in China and India is projected to double by 2030, accounting for nearly half of the increase in global energy demand. Both countries are investing heavily in developing diverse energy sources like coal, oil, gas, nuclear, and renewables. However, China remains highly dependent on coal and a net importer of oil, raising energy security concerns given its growing reliance on foreign sources to fuel continued economic growth.
EU Energy Security
Today EU’s and most of the countries’ main concern is energy security. How they reach energy at an affordable price, reliable, diverse and abundant supplies, is the main question. Moreover, energy security composed of commonly with Supply ‘Consumers’, Transportation, Demand ‘Producers’ and Physical Security ‘Producer and Consumer’. Because there is a struggle over resources, EU, ‘national and supranational governance’ should take challenges, opportunities well in to consideration
Russia Ukraine Gas Conflict
The document summarizes the ongoing dispute between Gazprom of Russia and Naftogaz of Ukraine over natural gas supply contracts. It discusses how the dissolution of the Soviet Union impacted gas reserves and supply routes between the two countries. The dispute involves pricing disagreements as well as political tensions. A temporary settlement was reached in 2006 involving a five-year contract and price concessions, but long term solutions proving difficult due to political differences between Russia and Ukraine remain elusive.
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Canada relies heavily on both conventional and alternative energy sources. Conventional sources include coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear power, which are non-renewable. Alternative sources such as wind and solar are renewable. Energy production provides significant economic benefits for Canada, generating jobs and business opportunities. However, energy also poses risks like pollution, hazardous waste, and environmental damage that must be addressed.
Fukushima Nuclear Disaster Impact on Global LNG Prices
The Fukushima nuclear disaster led to a reduction in nuclear power generation globally. This has increased demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a replacement, putting upward pressure on LNG prices. Germany decided to phase out all nuclear power by 2022, which will significantly increase its demand for natural gas. Other European countries are also reviewing their reliance on nuclear power. Higher LNG prices are benefiting exporters like Russia but increasing costs for importers such as Japan, China, and other Asian nations. The long-term impact on global energy markets and prices remains uncertain.
Pr1esentation For E C Hem[1]
The document describes the major sources of energy used throughout history, including wood, coal, petroleum, hydroelectric power, and more recent renewable sources. It provides details on the history, advantages, and weaknesses of each energy source. Wood was one of the earliest energy sources but is slower than others. Coal was widely used in the late Middle Ages and through the 1950s in the US. Petroleum replaced coal and is now the leading energy source in the US, though reliance on imports is a weakness. Hydroelectric power harnesses energy from water currents and is renewable but requires large water sources. More recent renewable sources include solar, wind, ethanol, and hydrogen power but have not replaced fossil fuels as the primary sources of energy
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The document summarizes pipelines and natural gas projects in the Caspian region, noting the competition between the US and Russia to be the main supplier to Europe. It discusses the history of oil discoveries and production in the region as well as current conflicts over pipelines between Armenia/Azerbaijan, Armenia/Turkey, and efforts by the US and Russia to limit each other's influence. Potential solutions proposed include supporting the Trans-Caspian oil pipeline between Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan or Kazakhstan's new oil route to Europe to diversify supply away from Russia into Europe.
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Study guide CA #2 (key)
This study guide provides information about geography, environmental issues, religion, literacy rates, and living conditions in several European countries. For geography, students are asked to label maps of Europe with countries, physical features, and rivers. Environmental issues discussed include air pollution causing smog in the UK and acid rain in Germany. The effects of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in Ukraine are also summarized. The three main religions of Europe - Judaism, Christianity, and Islam - are identified along with their holy books. Literacy rates and standards of living in European nations are defined. Charts then provide details on the locations, climates, populations, and trade of the UK, Russia, Italy, and Germany.
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This document discusses conventional and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. It defines conventional reservoirs as high permeability reservoirs that can be economically produced through vertical wells, while unconventional reservoirs require stimulation or special processes. The document outlines how unconventional reservoirs, like tight gas sands and shale gas, will play an increasingly important role in meeting future energy demands as production from conventional reservoirs peaks and declines. It argues we will rely on liquids from natural gas, heavy oil, and unconventional gas to fill the gap between projected oil demand and supply from conventional reservoirs alone between now and 2020.
Fact Sheet Shale Gas
Shale gas is natural gas. It is found
in hard, dense underground rocks
called shale (in the past shale was
called slate). Shale gas is odourless,
colourless and mostly methane,
exactly the same as natural gas used
in homes and businesses.
Shale gas was first extracted in the
United States in 1821, but it is only
in the last decade that advances in
technology have made production
viable on a large scale. As a result, shale
gas has grown from 1 per cent of the
United States’ natural gas production
in 2000 to over 26% today.*
The United States Energy Information
Administration has estimated that
Australia could have 437 trillion
cubic feet of recoverable shale gas,
the equivalent of over 200 years of
production at current rates.
Evolving (Final 4)
The document discusses greening up the Kewa Gas station owned by the Santo Domingo Pueblo tribe in New Mexico. It describes how the gas station currently relies on fossil fuels but exploring renewable energy alternatives could reduce emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. This could be done through installing electric vehicle charging stations and switching to biofuels like biodiesel to help green the gas station. The tribe aims to pursue more sustainable energy sources for economic development while preserving their cultural traditions.
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- Russia is a major global energy producer and exporter, holding the largest natural gas reserves and being the largest gas exporter in the world. It relies heavily on gas exports to Europe.
- Russia has taken steps to solidify its position as a key European energy supplier through pipelines like Nord Stream and planned South Stream, aiming to reduce reliance on Ukraine for gas transit. However, Western powers seek to decrease European dependence on Russian gas.
- Geopolitical conflicts between Russia and the West, like those in Ukraine and Syria, have an energy dimension as they involve control over gas infrastructure and pipelines transporting gas out of the region.
Competition of Russian and European Pipeline Projects: Unnecessary Risks
Konstantin Simonov’s speech presentation at The 2010 Mediterranean Oil &Gas Conference.
Athens, Greece, June 29, 2010.
CASE Network E-briefs 4.2009 - CIS gas for Europe - the transit issue
CASE Network E-briefs 4.2009 - CIS gas for Europe - the transit issueCASE Center for Social and Economic Research
The European Union’s (EU) consumption of natural gas has been growing rapidly over the last two decades. Gas has become an increasingly important component of the EU’s energy mix, with gas-fired power plants gradually replacing less environmentally friendly coal plants. Domestic gas production covered close to 60 percent of the EU’s consumption needs during the 1990s, but by 2007 it declined substantially around 40 percent (see Figure 1). The rest is imported from three main sources: Russia (around 40 percent of total gas imports), Norway (around 25 percent) and various African countries among them Algeria, Nigeria, Libya and Egypt which account for around 25 percent. The last few years have also heightened public worries in Europe over the security of its gas supplies, primarily those imports coming from Russia. These fears were partly confirmed in January 2009 when several EU and non- EU countries faced a sudden cut in their gas supplies. The Russian- Ukrainian stand-off only reinforced the argument that more needs to be done to strengthen the reliability of access to vital energy resources.
Authored by: Wojciech Paczynski
Published in 2009Nabucco and South Sream: Needless Competition
The document discusses two competing gas pipeline projects - Nabucco and South Stream - between Europe and Russia. It analyzes the challenges facing both projects, including differing partner priorities, uncertainty around gas supply sources, and political issues between countries. Key problems highlighted are the high costs of Nabucco, lack of a confirmed gas supply, and tensions between Turkey and Russia over the South Stream project. The document suggests potential solutions could involve concessions between EU, Russia and Ukraine to reduce unnecessary competition between the two pipelines.
Caspian sea energy geopolitics – litmus test for u.s., russia, china control ...
The document discusses the geopolitical competition over control of Caspian Sea energy resources between the US, Russia, China, and EU states. It notes that significant oil and gas reserves in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan could provide alternative energy supplies for Europe but would require new infrastructure like the Nabucco and Trans-Caspian pipelines. Russia seeks to counter these projects and control Central Asian exports through Gazprom contracts and new pipelines like South Stream. The outcome of this competition will determine which power gains control over Eurasia. Kazakhstan pursues cooperation with all sides but seeks multiple export routes to maintain independence.
Eastern caspian sea energy geopolitics a litmus test for the u.s. – russia – ...
This summary provides an overview of the key points in the document:
1. The document discusses the geopolitical competition between the US, Russia, and China over control of energy resources and transportation routes in the Caspian Sea region, with a focus on Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan on the eastern shore.
2. Russia has sought to gain control over Central Asian energy exports by securing contracts with Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan to export their resources through Russian pipelines. Meanwhile, the US supports alternative routes like Nabucco that bypass Russia.
3. Kazakhstan has pursued a balanced foreign policy, maintaining cooperation with all major powers in the region including Russia, China, and the US. It exports oil and gas
European Energy Review - Will Lessons Be Learnt?
There are major shifts in the EU energy space including pending lessons from Russian sanctions, France's commitments to renewables,and the politics of pipelines.
Russia and Europe: in Useless Search of Diversification
The document discusses issues surrounding Europe's energy security and dependence on fossil fuels. It notes that easily accessible oil and gas reserves have been depleted, leaving more difficult reserves that have higher political risks. Economic crisis may temporarily lower oil prices but could exacerbate long-term energy shortages by reducing investment in new projects. Alternative energy sources still have significant limitations, and diversifying gas suppliers away from Russia poses major challenges. The document argues that fully replacing fossil fuels is not possible and Europe will continue to rely heavily on gas imports, including from Russia.
Southeastern Mediterranean hydrocarbons - A new energy corridor for the EU?
The (a) confirmation of significant quantities of hydrocarbons in Cyprus, (b) the scientific estimates of equally significant quantities in the south and southwest of the Greek island of Crete and (c) the officially declared increased cooperation between Cyprus, Israel and Greece to jointly exploit their hydrocarbon deposits may prove to be a tremendous opportunity not only for Cyprus, Greece and Israel but for the EU as a whole.
World renowned scientists claim that the hydrocarbon deposits that lie south and southwest of the island of Crete are huge; and maybe bigger than those in the Levantine Basin; they dare to state that within the EEZ of Greece there may be as much as 51 tcm of natural gas! Could this lead into the making of a new energy corridor for the EU? Shouldn’t the EU be more actively involved in the efforts of its member countries, Greece and Cyprus? Isn’t this for the EU a project of Pan-European interest thus include it in its energy policy, coordinate and assist with technical knowhow but also with political leverage and other? As critical year 2020 is around the corner, aren’t the already scientific interpretations important enough to accelerate the EU think tanks and policy institutes view on the whole issue?
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Pr1esentation For E C Hem[1]
The document describes the major sources of energy used throughout history, including wood, coal, petroleum, hydroelectric power, and more recent renewable sources. It provides details on the history, advantages, and weaknesses of each energy source. Wood was one of the earliest energy sources but is slower than others. Coal was widely used in the late Middle Ages and through the 1950s in the US. Petroleum replaced coal and is now the leading energy source in the US, though reliance on imports is a weakness. Hydroelectric power harnesses energy from water currents and is renewable but requires large water sources. More recent renewable sources include solar, wind, ethanol, and hydrogen power but have not replaced fossil fuels as the primary sources of energy
Russia vs North Korea
Russia has recently criticized its ally North Korea due to discussions with Japan and South Korea over a proposed undersea natural gas pipeline connecting the three countries. Such a pipeline could benefit all parties - Russia could supply gas to Japan and South Korea, who currently import expensive liquefied natural gas, and in return Russia may regain control of disputed Kuril Islands from Japan. The pipeline could also allow Russia to divert gas from Europe to East Asia and give Russia an alternative export option, potentially easing tensions with the European Union.
Russia’s pipelines through iran
The document summarizes pipelines and natural gas projects in the Caspian region, noting the competition between the US and Russia to be the main supplier to Europe. It discusses the history of oil discoveries and production in the region as well as current conflicts over pipelines between Armenia/Azerbaijan, Armenia/Turkey, and efforts by the US and Russia to limit each other's influence. Potential solutions proposed include supporting the Trans-Caspian oil pipeline between Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan or Kazakhstan's new oil route to Europe to diversify supply away from Russia into Europe.
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Russia produces 15% of its electricity from renewables, with 99.6% coming from hydroelectric power. While hydroelectric production has remained steady, other renewables like wind and solar have grown significantly in recent years due to new government policies supporting green energy. The Russian government has launched programs to invest billions in renewable energy projects through 2020, with the goal of increasing renewable capacity and production substantially, including installing thousands of megawatts of new wind, solar, hydro, biomass and biogas projects.
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This document summarizes John Browne's career pushing for fracking in the UK. It describes him as the controversial face of fracking in the UK, which faces strong public opposition over environmental concerns. As the former CEO of BP and now chairman of Cuadrilla Resources, Browne has become a prominent advocate for developing UK shale gas through fracking. He argues it could provide significant economic and energy security benefits to the country, though environmental groups warn it may undermine efforts to address climate change. The document outlines Browne's long career in oil and role in pivotal industry developments, as well as the debate around fracking's environmental impacts.
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This newsletter summarizes issues related to global energy. It discusses South Korea's heavy reliance on energy imports due to insufficient domestic resources. South Korea imports over 97% of its total energy needs, relying on partners like Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Russia. It also discusses South Korea's efforts to diversify its energy sources and trading partners by increasing imports from the US and investing in projects with Russia and Saudi Arabia. The newsletter also summarizes an article about transforming decommissioned offshore oil platforms into artificial reefs and marine sanctuaries off the coast of California.
Study guide CA #2 (key)
This study guide provides information about geography, environmental issues, religion, literacy rates, and living conditions in several European countries. For geography, students are asked to label maps of Europe with countries, physical features, and rivers. Environmental issues discussed include air pollution causing smog in the UK and acid rain in Germany. The effects of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in Ukraine are also summarized. The three main religions of Europe - Judaism, Christianity, and Islam - are identified along with their holy books. Literacy rates and standards of living in European nations are defined. Charts then provide details on the locations, climates, populations, and trade of the UK, Russia, Italy, and Germany.
The-Future-of-our-Minerals-UKMF-Nov-2014
The UK Minerals Forum brings together stakeholders to discuss minerals policy and supply issues facing the UK. It has examined past trends in UK minerals production over 40 years and explored potential future scenarios. The Forum developed recommendations to ensure long-term access to necessary minerals while balancing economic, social and environmental concerns. Key issues highlighted include global competition for resources, uncertainty over future EU relations, and ensuring supply of energy and construction minerals. Positive action is needed from all parties to establish policies that encourage sustainable UK minerals production and supply.
Significant Gas Pipeline Incidents
Over the years, there have been numerous gas pipeline incidents which have cause millions of dollars in lost revenue, lives, and property damage. Although some of the responsibility lies with federal or state governments, private and public stakeholders have a responsibility to implement comprehensive health and safety system management and plan emergency response based on capability for readiness and preparedness.
The evaluation and management of unconventional reservoir system
This document discusses conventional and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. It defines conventional reservoirs as high permeability reservoirs that can be economically produced through vertical wells, while unconventional reservoirs require stimulation or special processes. The document outlines how unconventional reservoirs, like tight gas sands and shale gas, will play an increasingly important role in meeting future energy demands as production from conventional reservoirs peaks and declines. It argues we will rely on liquids from natural gas, heavy oil, and unconventional gas to fill the gap between projected oil demand and supply from conventional reservoirs alone between now and 2020.
Fact Sheet Shale Gas
Shale gas is natural gas. It is found
in hard, dense underground rocks
called shale (in the past shale was
called slate). Shale gas is odourless,
colourless and mostly methane,
exactly the same as natural gas used
in homes and businesses.
Shale gas was first extracted in the
United States in 1821, but it is only
in the last decade that advances in
technology have made production
viable on a large scale. As a result, shale
gas has grown from 1 per cent of the
United States’ natural gas production
in 2000 to over 26% today.*
The United States Energy Information
Administration has estimated that
Australia could have 437 trillion
cubic feet of recoverable shale gas,
the equivalent of over 200 years of
production at current rates.
Evolving (Final 4)
The document discusses greening up the Kewa Gas station owned by the Santo Domingo Pueblo tribe in New Mexico. It describes how the gas station currently relies on fossil fuels but exploring renewable energy alternatives could reduce emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. This could be done through installing electric vehicle charging stations and switching to biofuels like biodiesel to help green the gas station. The tribe aims to pursue more sustainable energy sources for economic development while preserving their cultural traditions.
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The document provides information about the United Kingdom. It discusses the geography, climate, government, economy, education system, and popular sports of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The UK has a parliamentary government and Queen Elizabeth II is the head of state. The economy relies heavily on services and industries such as automotive, aerospace, and pharmaceuticals. Popular sports include cricket and tennis.
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Russia, USA-EU and Geopolitics of Energy report
- Russia is a major global energy producer and exporter, holding the largest natural gas reserves and being the largest gas exporter in the world. It relies heavily on gas exports to Europe.
- Russia has taken steps to solidify its position as a key European energy supplier through pipelines like Nord Stream and planned South Stream, aiming to reduce reliance on Ukraine for gas transit. However, Western powers seek to decrease European dependence on Russian gas.
- Geopolitical conflicts between Russia and the West, like those in Ukraine and Syria, have an energy dimension as they involve control over gas infrastructure and pipelines transporting gas out of the region.
Competition of Russian and European Pipeline Projects: Unnecessary Risks
Konstantin Simonov’s speech presentation at The 2010 Mediterranean Oil &Gas Conference.
Athens, Greece, June 29, 2010.
CASE Network E-briefs 4.2009 - CIS gas for Europe - the transit issue
CASE Network E-briefs 4.2009 - CIS gas for Europe - the transit issueCASE Center for Social and Economic Research
The European Union’s (EU) consumption of natural gas has been growing rapidly over the last two decades. Gas has become an increasingly important component of the EU’s energy mix, with gas-fired power plants gradually replacing less environmentally friendly coal plants. Domestic gas production covered close to 60 percent of the EU’s consumption needs during the 1990s, but by 2007 it declined substantially around 40 percent (see Figure 1). The rest is imported from three main sources: Russia (around 40 percent of total gas imports), Norway (around 25 percent) and various African countries among them Algeria, Nigeria, Libya and Egypt which account for around 25 percent. The last few years have also heightened public worries in Europe over the security of its gas supplies, primarily those imports coming from Russia. These fears were partly confirmed in January 2009 when several EU and non- EU countries faced a sudden cut in their gas supplies. The Russian- Ukrainian stand-off only reinforced the argument that more needs to be done to strengthen the reliability of access to vital energy resources.
Authored by: Wojciech Paczynski
Published in 2009Nabucco and South Sream: Needless Competition
The document discusses two competing gas pipeline projects - Nabucco and South Stream - between Europe and Russia. It analyzes the challenges facing both projects, including differing partner priorities, uncertainty around gas supply sources, and political issues between countries. Key problems highlighted are the high costs of Nabucco, lack of a confirmed gas supply, and tensions between Turkey and Russia over the South Stream project. The document suggests potential solutions could involve concessions between EU, Russia and Ukraine to reduce unnecessary competition between the two pipelines.
Caspian sea energy geopolitics – litmus test for u.s., russia, china control ...
The document discusses the geopolitical competition over control of Caspian Sea energy resources between the US, Russia, China, and EU states. It notes that significant oil and gas reserves in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan could provide alternative energy supplies for Europe but would require new infrastructure like the Nabucco and Trans-Caspian pipelines. Russia seeks to counter these projects and control Central Asian exports through Gazprom contracts and new pipelines like South Stream. The outcome of this competition will determine which power gains control over Eurasia. Kazakhstan pursues cooperation with all sides but seeks multiple export routes to maintain independence.
Eastern caspian sea energy geopolitics a litmus test for the u.s. – russia – ...
This summary provides an overview of the key points in the document:
1. The document discusses the geopolitical competition between the US, Russia, and China over control of energy resources and transportation routes in the Caspian Sea region, with a focus on Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan on the eastern shore.
2. Russia has sought to gain control over Central Asian energy exports by securing contracts with Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan to export their resources through Russian pipelines. Meanwhile, the US supports alternative routes like Nabucco that bypass Russia.
3. Kazakhstan has pursued a balanced foreign policy, maintaining cooperation with all major powers in the region including Russia, China, and the US. It exports oil and gas
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There are major shifts in the EU energy space including pending lessons from Russian sanctions, France's commitments to renewables,and the politics of pipelines.
Russia and Europe: in Useless Search of Diversification
The document discusses issues surrounding Europe's energy security and dependence on fossil fuels. It notes that easily accessible oil and gas reserves have been depleted, leaving more difficult reserves that have higher political risks. Economic crisis may temporarily lower oil prices but could exacerbate long-term energy shortages by reducing investment in new projects. Alternative energy sources still have significant limitations, and diversifying gas suppliers away from Russia poses major challenges. The document argues that fully replacing fossil fuels is not possible and Europe will continue to rely heavily on gas imports, including from Russia.
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The (a) confirmation of significant quantities of hydrocarbons in Cyprus, (b) the scientific estimates of equally significant quantities in the south and southwest of the Greek island of Crete and (c) the officially declared increased cooperation between Cyprus, Israel and Greece to jointly exploit their hydrocarbon deposits may prove to be a tremendous opportunity not only for Cyprus, Greece and Israel but for the EU as a whole.
World renowned scientists claim that the hydrocarbon deposits that lie south and southwest of the island of Crete are huge; and maybe bigger than those in the Levantine Basin; they dare to state that within the EEZ of Greece there may be as much as 51 tcm of natural gas! Could this lead into the making of a new energy corridor for the EU? Shouldn’t the EU be more actively involved in the efforts of its member countries, Greece and Cyprus? Isn’t this for the EU a project of Pan-European interest thus include it in its energy policy, coordinate and assist with technical knowhow but also with political leverage and other? As critical year 2020 is around the corner, aren’t the already scientific interpretations important enough to accelerate the EU think tanks and policy institutes view on the whole issue?
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The document discusses the Nord Stream 2 pipeline agreement between Russia's Gazprom and several European energy companies to transport natural gas from Russia to Europe. This agreement bypasses existing pipeline infrastructure in Ukraine and could violate the European Union's Third Energy Package. While Germany supports the project, many other EU members and countries like Ukraine oppose it as it could increase Europe's dependence on Russia and reduce energy revenues for Ukraine. There are concerns the project ignores European unity and that Germany and Russia's economic cooperation could escalate tensions, especially with Poland and Baltic states.
ICIS webinar - Role of ukraine in russian gas supply to europe
Political tensions between Russia and Ukraine had an effect on European natural gas sector in the first quarter of this year. Ukraine still transits more than 50% of total Russian gas supplies to Europe. The relationship between the two countries will continue to be key for Russia as a supplier and have impact on its relations with Europe – currently Russia’s sole market for gas.
http://www.icis.com/resources/
Global natural gas pre conflict overview
With the beginning of the millennium,
Most of the world countries started to turn
toward the natural gas as an alternative
energy resource instead of crude oil and
harmless resource for the environment.
Global conflict signs started to shape
because of the countries’ interests
encounter - specially, in the near and
middle east regions.
In this presentation, I will try to explain
these signs by dividing the related
countries to three categories:
1- Consuming Countries.
2- Producing Countries.
3- Transit Countries.
South Stream Offshore Pipeline Brochure
The document summarizes the South Stream Pipeline project which will transport natural gas from Russia to Europe through the Black Sea. It will consist of an offshore pipeline section running through the Black Sea reaching depths of 2,200 meters, as well as several onshore sections connecting to countries in Southeastern Europe. The offshore pipeline is being developed by an international joint venture and will set new standards with its large transport capacity of 63 billion cubic meters of gas per year and ability to operate at great depths.
EU Energy Security
The document discusses the issue of energy security within the European Union. It notes that the EU imports around half of its total energy needs and will become more dependent on foreign energy imports over time. This dependence creates challenges for ensuring stable, affordable, and reliable energy supplies. The document examines some of the EU's key energy relationships and policies around securing supplies, including its dependence on Russia as a major energy exporter, efforts to diversify energy imports from other countries and routes, and the need for a coherent EU energy policy to strengthen its position internationally.
Nedim beganovic capstone project essay
Essay based on the crisis in Ukraine and the role of the access to energy resources (oil and natural gas) in developing/resolving the conflict, with the focus on relations between two super powers EU and Russia.
Russia's gas pivot to Asia: a short-sighted policy or a long-term strategy?
This presentation aims to examine the reasons which have prompted Russia to seek closer gas cooperation with Asia Pacific countries (mainly China), as well as hightlight its current gas pipeline and LNG projects in the East.
The New Cold War Between U.S.A. and Russia
This document discusses the energy war between the U.S. and Russia and its implications for Israel's security. It outlines how both countries want to dominate the European energy market and how pipeline projects like Nord Stream and South Stream allow Russia to supply Europe without relying on Ukraine. It also discusses how new pipelines through Turkey could supply Europe from the Caspian, lessening Russia and strengthening Turkey and Iran, both enemies of Israel. As a result, Israel may be moving closer to Russia to ensure its survival in a changing geopolitical landscape.
Turkmen gas for consumers in Europe – a fully fledged Southern Gas Corridor i...
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Opal Of Discord. Why the EU supports Gazprom's anti-Ukrainian plans?
1) The EU's recent decision to allow Gazprom to increase capacity on the German OPAL pipeline will allow Russia to supply more gas through Nord Stream and less through Ukraine, hurting Ukraine.
2) While the EU has investigated Gazprom for antitrust violations regarding market dominance and unfair pricing, decisions like OPAL signal the EU's ambiguity in balancing business and political interests.
3) Ukraine risks losing billions annually from less Russian gas transit and should strengthen its energy diplomacy and reforms to defend its interests and lobby the EU to block projects like Nord Stream 2 that undermine Ukraine.
What does the Gas Crisis Reveal About European Energy Security?
What does the Gas Crisis Reveal About European Energy Security?The Forum for Research on Eastern Europe and Emerging Economies
The document discusses the recent gas crisis in Europe and what it reveals about the EU's energy security and dependence on Russian gas imports. It argues that while decreasing reliance on Russian gas may improve energy security, it is not feasible in the short-to-medium term due to the EU's green transition goals and increased gas demand. The EU has made some progress in diversifying suppliers and infrastructure but risks remain from high gas prices, competition for LNG, and Gazprom's market power. The best solution is for the EU to implement a coordinated energy policy to strengthen its bargaining position with Russia as a large buyer of gas.Similar to Lesson5 russia europe’s energy power house (20)
Competition of Russian and European Pipeline Projects: Unnecessary Risks
Competition of Russian and European Pipeline Projects: Unnecessary Risks
CASE Network E-briefs 4.2009 - CIS gas for Europe - the transit issue
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Caspian sea energy geopolitics – litmus test for u.s., russia, china control ...
Caspian sea energy geopolitics – litmus test for u.s., russia, china control ...
Eastern caspian sea energy geopolitics a litmus test for the u.s. – russia – ...
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ICIS webinar - Role of ukraine in russian gas supply to europe
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Turkmen gas for consumers in Europe – a fully fledged Southern Gas Corridor i...
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Opal Of Discord. Why the EU supports Gazprom's anti-Ukrainian plans?
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What does the Gas Crisis Reveal About European Energy Security?
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The stans
This document provides information about the "stan" countries of Central Asia, including Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It discusses the meaning of the "-stan" suffix, lists the real and fake "stan" country names, and provides details about each real country's population, capital city, languages spoken, and other facts. Students are asked to identify the real countries, map them, and determine which is the most powerful based on selected economic and social indicators. The document promotes learning about these countries and tourism to them.
Bhutanlesson
Bhutan maintains its unique culture in three main ways: through its isolation in the Himalayas which limits outside influences; by strictly controlling the number of tourist visitors and requiring them to book through Bhutanese companies; and by having introduced television and internet more recently, which has exposed Bhutanese culture to outside influences to a lesser degree compared to other countries.
why is the world worried about ebola
This document discusses concerns about the Ebola outbreak in West Africa and ways to contain the spread of the disease. It addresses how Ebola spreads through contact with bodily fluids, symptoms of the virus, countries impacted, and numbers affected. The document also examines reasons containment has been difficult, including lack of healthcare infrastructure, cultural beliefs interfering with treatment, and uncoordinated international responses. Measures to limit spread are discussed, such as closing borders and roadblocks, as well as economic impacts on affected areas from the outbreak.
Unit3revisiontechnique
The document provides advice from an experienced examiner on how not to answer exam questions in Section A. It warns against [1] wasting time writing out the full question, [2] including lengthy scene-setting paragraphs, and [3] writing an overly detailed plan that is longer than the actual answer. It also advises focusing answers on using information from the resources selectively rather than copying everything, adding your own knowledge, and keeping answers sharply focused on only the most essential information.
Lesson4 internationalorganisations
IGOs like the UN, NATO, IMF and World Bank allow powerful nations like the USA and EU to promote their interests on a global scale. While IGOs aim to foster cooperation, critics argue they are dominated by superpowers and promote their agendas. IGOs make key decisions influencing the global economy, conflicts, and environment, giving outsized influence to major donors. However, IGOs also help smaller nations and provided aid that rebuilt countries after WWII. Whether IGOs increase or decrease American power is debated, but they allow the USA to spread its ideology and priorities worldwide.
Lesson3 superpowers through time 2
The document discusses the changing nature of global superpowers over time. It explores how the United Kingdom maintained superpower status through colonialism and imperialism during the British Empire. It then analyzes the bi-polar world of the USA and USSR during the Cold War, where they used ideology and political/economic alliances to gain influence. The document also examines how the USA rose to superpower status in the 20th century and maintained it through factors like economic and military power. It analyzes some challenges to US dominance from growing powers and discusses neo-colonialism's role in perpetuating the peripheral status of countries like Ghana.
Lesson2 superpowersthroughtime
The document discusses changing global superpowers over time. From 1800-1918, the British Empire was the dominant global superpower, controlling 25% of the world's land area at its peak. From 1918-1945 power transitioned between countries as the US and USSR rose. From 1945-1990 it was a bi-polar world dominated by the US and USSR during the Cold War period. Since 1990, the US has been the sole superpower but others like the EU and China are increasingly powerful. The future is predicted to be multi-polar with multiple regional powers.
Lesson1 definingsuperpowers
The document discusses various factors that could be used to define what makes a country a superpower, including size, population, resources, military strength, economic strength, cultural influence, and energy production potential. It suggests that to be considered a superpower, a nation needs to be able to project influence globally. Some of the key attributes discussed are large land area and population, strong economy, powerful military capabilities, control over important resources, and dominant cultural exports.
Lsn2globalisationwinnerslosers1
The document discusses how globalization creates winners and losers by comparing two contrasting countries, China and Gambia. It analyzes factors like natural resources, population size, investments, and economic policies that have enabled China to benefit from globalization, increasing its GDP per capita. Meanwhile, Gambia lacks resources, receives little foreign investment, and remains dependent on foreign aid, causing its GDP per capita to change little over time and for it to lose out to globalization forces.
Lsn1whatisglobalisation
The document outlines the structure and content of an AS geography course. It is split into two units, with the first unit covering global challenges until Christmas and the second focusing on geographical investigations from January to May. Students are provided expectations and tips for the course, which involves attending every lesson, completing homework, and organizing notes with highlighting and folders. An example topic on globalization is then presented, with definitions and historical context of globalization discussed. Students are given tasks to help understand the concept of globalization and how it has impacted their own lives.
Lsn3 what are the effects of globalisation on population
Globalization has accelerated population changes through its effects on migration and birth/death rates. It has led to rural-urban migration in developing countries as more jobs have moved to cities. It has also contributed to outsourcing of jobs from wealthy countries to less wealthy ones, and increased skilled migration worldwide. Greater foreign investment in many countries means more workers are needed. Increased access to information through technology has exposed more rural poor to opportunities elsewhere. However, tighter border controls in some countries in response to terrorism have reduced immigration. Overall population growth is highest in Africa and Asia and lowest in Europe and North America.
Lsn2globalisationwinnerslosers1
The document discusses how globalization creates winners and losers by comparing two contrasting countries, China and Gambia. It analyzes factors like natural resources, population size, education spending, foreign investment, and integration into the global economy to understand why China has benefited more from globalization, while Gambia has struggled and remains dependent on foreign aid.
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The document discusses the debate around drilling for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) and exploiting Canada's tar sands. ANWR is seen as an important potential source of oil, but drilling is controversial. Arguments for drilling cite job creation and energy security, while arguments against point to potential environmental damage and the small overall oil yield. Exploiting tar sands is also controversial due to its large environmental impact from mining and refining operations. The document presents information on both sides of the debates to consider the tradeoffs around increasing energy production through these means.
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The document discusses OPEC, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. It provides information on OPEC's 12 member countries, its aims to stabilize oil prices and ensure stable supply, and its role in coordinating production quotas in response to demand. As the world's largest oil producer, OPEC has significant influence over global oil prices and supply.
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Lesson5 russia europe’s energy power house
- 1. 2 The impacts of energy insecurity- What are the potential impacts of an increasingly ‘energy insecure’ world
- 4. Gas routes in future
- 6. Only one planned gas pipeline doesn’t rely on Russian supply- instead it relies on Kazakh supply- NABUCCO pipe, BUT Russia is planning a similar route (South Stream) The North Sea supply (UK and Norway) is running out- The UK imports some gas supply from former colony Guyana, but transport costs are high Southern Europe receives much supply from North Africa- obvious issues here- political unrest and Arab spring Algeria has problems with internal unrest and terror attacks- Libya- war These North African nations are also getting rich fast (Algeria) and so domestic use is increasing- meaning less for export China is demanding more gas and paying Russia to develop pipelines to ship gas to its borders like the ESPO- China can pay higher prices if Europe wants will have to increase price
- 8. East Siberian Pacific Ocean (ESPO)
- 10. North Stream
- 13. Iranian control- history of dispute Water controlled by pirates- like a no man’s land- tankers can be held to ransom- risk of leaks or delays to supply Area suffering from multiple issues- piracy, political unrest and instability- also famine and drought- attacks could increase to get ransom money A real bottleneck has limited capacity for tankers as space limited
- 14. RUSSIA- Europe’s energy Power House?
- 22. Russia Gazprom and the EU gas supply PROBLEM Does Russia use its natural resources as political weapon?
- 23. Does Russia use gas as a weapon? In 2006 and 2009 they halted supply over disputes with Ukraine In 2010 Russia switched off supplies to Belarus The Nord stream pipe when finished will pipe gas out of Russia under the Baltic sea into Germany- avoiding conflict areas Russia and Ukraine have very different political ideals, the current Ukraine govt, wants to get closer to EU whereas Russia does not- Russia doesn’t want Ukraine to bring EU to more of its borders Russia and Western Europe have had a clash of ideals in the past- capitalist Western Europe sided with the USA against communist USSR during the cold war In 2009 in Winter much of Eastern Europe had no gas supply for 10 days due to Russia /Ukraine dispute over unpaid bills Currently all except one of the supply routes from Russia to Europe go through Ukraine or Belarus Russia previously vowed to never do business with neighbouring China as the govts clash but hard economic times have forced Russia to rethink Russia has conflict with every neighbouring country- through history- it competes with former USSR friends Kazakhstan to try and keep them poor Every time EU tries to do deals with countries to supply gas and act as transit states