This document discusses environmental problems and their causes. It notes that traffic fumes are damaging the ozone layer and air pollution causes illness. It also mentions that the world population is growing rapidly, some people do not have enough food, and many animal species are dying out or endangered. It states that we depend too much on fossil fuels and throw away too much rubbish. The document explores causes like not investing enough in renewable energies and cities creating more pollution. It provides compound noun corrections and discusses revision of quantifiers.

1. Lesson 5 – Batx 1
Year 2018-19

2. Environmental problems (facts)
Traffic fumes are
damaging the ozone
layer and our health.
Air pollution causes
illness.
The world population is
growing fast.
People don’y have
enought ot eat and are
starving.
Many animals are
dying out.
There are many
endangered species that is
animals at risk of
extinction.
We depend too
much on fossil
energy sources

3. Causes and challenges for
environmental problems
We throw away
too much rubbish.
We should invest
enough in
renewable energies.
The food industry depends
too much on science and
technology.
Gentic enginneering
is changing
organism cells
Cities residents create
more polution and waste
more energy.

4. Compound noun correction
Rubbish dumps are getting too full
Pronunciation:
eə pəˈluːʃən
ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ
ɪnˈdeɪnʤəd ˈspiːʃiːz
ʤɪˈnɛtɪk ˌɛnʤɪˈnɪərɪ
ŋ
ˈəʊzəʊn ˈleɪə
rɪˈnjuːəbl ˈɛnəʤiz
ˈrʌbɪʃ dʌmps

5. Revision: Quantifiers
• Too + adjective - Too polluted
• Too much + uncountable nouns - Too much
waste
• Too many + countable nouns – Too many
rubbish dumps.
• Not enough + nouns
• Not enough renewable
energy policies

6. Discussion: Problem A is ……
(problema 2 because…)
• More / less / worse
• far worst than
• (very/quite) similar to
• (very / a little) different to
• (not) as…. as
• (by far) The
worst
• The least ….
• The most …

7. Discussion
• What are you going to do to prevent the
destruction of the planet?
• What will happen unless we take some
action?
• What will have happened in 2050 if we do not
change things?
• What will we be doing soon if we are
sensible?

8. Talking about advantages and
disadvantages of cloning
• One (dis)advantage is…
• Another (dis)advantage is…
• On the one hand…
• On the other hand…
• Have you ever thought about…?
• But what about…

9. Should we clone or not?
• We have a moral
responsibility to help
other species.
• When one species dies,
our ecosystem changes.
• We lose sources of food
and medicine when a
species dies.
• Cloning is possible!
• Extintion is a natural
process
• It is very expensive
• There is no guarantee
that it will work
• It is better to focus in
more important things,
like reducing pollution.

10. Will & Going to
• Predictions • Plans
Be going to
I’m going to Paris this
summer
Will – You’ll find love soon
Going to – predictions for
something happening now.
It’s very hot now. It is not going
to be warm enough this
afternoon

11. WILL – Spontaneous Decisions,
Promises, Predictions & Requests
• I’ll be there as soon as I
can. – Promise
• I’m starving. I’ll get a
sandwich –
spontaneous decision
• Will you help us make a
difference? – request
• Unemployment will rise
next year - Prediction

12. Plans and arrangements - Difference
Arrangements – Pr. Continuous
• I have made arrangements
to visit Paris
• (I have the hotel room
booked and I have asked for
time off from work).
• I’m going to Paris
this weekend!
Plans – Be going to
• I have made plans to visit
Paris
• (I have decided when I want
to go and have thought
about what I want to see in
the city.)
• I’m going to travel to Paris
this summer.
We often
mention an
specific time or
place

13. Future continuous
• What will be in progress in five years time?
I will be lighting cigars with one hundred dollar bills.
FORM: WILL + BE + GERUND
Talk about
something in
progress at
an specific
future time in
the future.
And you, what will you be doing in five years time?
CONTINUOUS
Something
• in progress
• Specific
• Planned

14. Future perfect
• By the time we finish school…
We will have become friends for life.
Use: Express
something that
will be completed
by a specific time
in the future.
It is related to
the present,
like all perfect
tenses
BY
Let’s make Predictions about our classmates futures!
• By 2030 Nuria will have retired and will be enjoying her grandchildren

15. Listening extra questions
• What jobs did Madhav do when he was
younger?
• What jobs is he going to do in the future?
• Who made Lydia believe she could make a
difference?
• What is her job now?
• What does Amit find sad of his work?
Babysitting and watching cars
Wild
animal
vet
Barack Obama
City gardener
He thinks the Everest is the most beautiful place on earth

17. Useful phrases enquiry letter
• OPENING PHRASE
- Dear Sir or Madam,
INTRODUCTION
- I am writing in connection
with...
- I am writing to ask...
- I am writing to enquire about...
- I have read your
advertisement in...
- I have found your
advertisement in...
EXPRESSING INTEREST
- I am interested in...
- I have been looking for...
- I am planning to... and that is
why I found this
advertisement/offer/text
interesting/important
EXPRESSING DOUBTS
- I have read the advert/about
services and/but I am not sure
if...
- I cannot understand if...
- It is not clear to me if...

18. Useful phrases enquiry letter
• ENQUIRING ABOUT THE
DETAILS
- I would like to know more
details about...
- I would like to ask for further
information about/concerning...
- I am still not sure about one
thing/problem, namely...
ASKING FOR INFORMATION
- I would be (very) grateful if
you could...
- I wonder if you could...
- I would like to ask
if/when/where/why...
MAKING FINAL REMARKS
- I look forward to your
answer/to hearing from you...
CLOSING PHRASES
- if letter begins Dear Sir or
Madam: Yours faithfully.
- if letter begins Dear Ms/Mr
Smith: Yours sincerely.

19. Greetings and closings in formal
letters
• When you do not know the last name of the
person you are addressing
– Dear Sir /Madam - Yours faithfully
• When you know their surname
– Ms. – When you do not know if the woman you are
addressing is married or single. It is pronounced
“Mizz” – THE MOST COMMON FORMULA
– Mrs. – a married woman
– Miss – A single woman - Yours sincerely
19

20. 20
Formal register Informal register
assistance, help
due to because of
enquire ask
further, more
inform tell
information facts
Obtain / receive get
Occupation / position job
Possess have
Provide give
Repair Fix
Enquire / request Ask for
Reserve book
verify Check / prove
requirements needs

21. Indirect questions in formal letters
• Could you tell me where the nearest airport
is? (indirect questions)
• Where is the nearest airport? (direct question)

22. Word order
• When we create indirect questions, the question
(What time is it?) becomes part of a longer sentence
or questions (Do you know?) and the word order
changes from the order of a direct question. For
example:
Direct: What time is it?
Indirect: Do you know what time it is?
• Direct: Why was he late?
Indirect: Can you tell me why he was late?
Direct: What is that?
Indirect: Would you mind telling me what that is?

23. No auxiliary in indirect questions
• Direct: When does the lesson end?
Indirect: Could you tell me when the lesson
ends?
• Direct: What car does she drive?
Indirect: Can you tell me what car she drives?
• Direct: How did you make that cake?
Indirect: Would you mind telling me how you
made that cake?

24. Using “if” or “whether” if the direct
question has no question word
• Direct: Did she make it on time?
Indirect: Can you tell me if she made it on time?
or
Can you tell me whether she made it on time?
• Direct: Is this the right bus for Oxford Street?
Indirect: Do you have any idea if this is the right
bus for Oxford Street?
• Direct: Is she French?
Indirect: Do you know whether she is French (or
not)?

25. Worldwide Opportunities on Organic
Farms
• WWOOF is a network of national
organizations that provide information
on volunteering opportunities on
organic get free accommodation and food in
return for doing a few hours’ work on the farm
each day. The organization is popular with
young people in Britain and the US, who may
use it as a way of travelling and seeing a
country cheaply,especially during a gap year
between school and university.

26. Letter of Request
• Purpose: To obtain additional information on goods,
services, facilities, jobs, courses, etc.
• First Paragraph: Specify the reason for writing
– I am writing to enquire about…
• Body: If you use too many questions, your letter will not
read as a coherent piece of writing. You should alternated
direct and indirect questions with statements.
• Closing sentence: Repeat the request and thank the reader
for her help.
– I would be grateful if you could send me a catalogue.
– Thank you in anticipation for your help.
– I would be grateful if you could clarify whether I can apply for
the position.

28. Common words with different verb
tenses

29. http://servicios.elpais.com/el-
tiempo/?id_externo_rsoc=TW_CM
http://www.bbc.com/weather/forecast-video/21417162