The document summarizes the major changes in retailing that have impacted Birmingham over recent decades: 1. In the 1800s, suburbanization occurred as people moved from the crowded, polluted city center to spacious suburbs. 2. In the 1870s, industry began relocating from city centers to the suburbs. 3. In the 1980s, out-of-town shopping centers like Merry Hill opened, taking 12% of the city center's trade and offering free parking and large retailers. 4. Birmingham's city center fought back through redevelopments like the Bull Ring and Grand Central that improved pedestrian access and amenities. 5. Internet shopping has grown to 15% of

1. What have been the recent changes
in retailing and what have the
impacts been on Birmingham?

2. Complete the old lady’s speech
bubble
What are you doing?
Shopping Shopping! When I was a young girl
shopping …

3. 1. Suburbanisation – 1800’s
• CBD too expensive, noisy and polluted. People
left to the spacious and quieter suburbs.

5. 2. Relocation of industry out
of city centre – 1870’s .

7. 3. Out of town shopping
• Merry Hill (1985)
• All under one roof
• Free parking
• Pedestrianised
• Large shops like M
and S and
Debenhams

9. 4. CBD fights back
• Lots of new
pedestrianised roads
around CBD.
• Bull Ring re-
developed.
• Grand Central here

13. 5. Internet shopping
• More and more of us are shopping online,
fewer visiting the high street.
• 15% of the UK retail sales were online in
2015.
• Therefore large companies are fighting back
again with click and collect services. E.g.
John Lewis.

15. Changes in Retailing in
Birmingham (no need to write down)
1. Move out of over polluted city to the suburbs
(19th Century).
2. Manufacturing out to the suburbs. E.g.
Bournville in 1879.
3. Edge or out of town shopping centres. E.g.
Merry Hill in Dudley (1985). CBD lost 12% in
trade after it opened.
4. CBD fought back with the new Mail Box
(1998), Bull Ring (2003) and Grand Central
Station (2015)
5. Internet shopping. 15% of the UK retail sales
were online.

16. Your turn!
• Produce a time line along a poster to show:
• The changes that have taken place in Birmingham
• The impact of these changes
• Add lots of images / maps / information
• Keep it short and snappy
• Use p 166-167 to help you.
• The best ones will go up on the wall.
• Here’s one I made earlier…

17. 19th C
Change:
People
decided that
……
Impact:
…………………
!870s’
Change:
Impact:
…………………