The document discusses plagiarism and how to properly cite sources using quotes, paraphrases, and references. It provides guidelines for citing different source types such as webpages, online videos, Wikipedia articles, and news articles. Quotes should be enclosed in quotation marks and paraphrases should be in your own words. References should include the author's name, date of publication, title, and URL for online sources.

2. PLAGIARISM – is presenting someone
else’s work or ideas as your own, with or

3. Whenever you borrow
words or ideas, you need
to acknowledge the source.
QUOTE a source – copy a
short piece of text word for
word and put it inside
quotation mark.
“Loved you
yesterday, love
you still, always
have, always
will.” – Elaine
Davis
“I need you like
a heart needs a
beat.” –
Unknown

4. Whenever you borrow
words or ideas, you need
to acknowledge the source.
PARAPHRASE a source, put
the text into your own words.
It’s important that the
paraphrase is not too close to
the original wording.
Original:
Her life spanned
years of
incredible
change for
women.
Paraphrase:
Mary lived
through an era
of liberating
reform for
women.

6. Author’s name should be inverted and first and middle name should be written in initials.
Reference list entries should
be alphabetized by the last
name of the first author of
each work.
Titles of Books,
Chapters, Articles,
Reports, Webpages,
capitalize only the first
letter of the title and
subtitle, the first word
after a colon, or a dash
in the title, and proper
nouns.

9. A. WEBPAGE
OR PIECE OF
ONLINE
CONTENT
A. WEBPAGE
OR PIECE OF
ONLINE
CONTENT
1. INDIVIDUA
L AUTHOR
- cite the first
name
- Initials of
first and
middle name
- Year, month,
date if
available
Effects of COVID-19 on College Students’ Mental Health in the United States:
Interview Survey Study
Due to the long-lasting pandemic situation and onerous measures such as lockdown
and stay-at-home orders, the COVID-19 pandemic brings negative impacts on higher
education. The findings of our study highlight the urgent need to develop
interventions and preventive strategies to address the mental health of college
students.
Hegde S. A. (2021). Effects of COVID-19 on College Students’
Mental Health in the United States: Interview Survey Study. J Med
Internet. https://www.jmir.org/2020/9/e21279/
Cite the first name and the initials of the first and middle name
Title of page
(Year, month, date)
Site name
URL

10. 2. Group or
organization
-name of group
or organization
as author
Structure:
Group name.
(Year, Month,
Date). Title of
page. Site
Effects of COVID-19 on College Students’ Mental Health in the United States:
Interview Survey Study
Due to the long-lasting pandemic situation and onerous measures such as lockdown
and stay-at-home orders, the COVID-19 pandemic brings negative impacts on higher
education. The findings of our study highlight the urgent need to develop
interventions and preventive strategies to address the mental health of college
students.
Health is Wealth Movement. (2021, May 4). Effects of COVID-19 on
College Students’ Mental Health. J Med Internet.
https://www.jmir.org/2020/9/e21279/

11. 3. If the author
is not listed.
-Title
-Retrieval date
(like Wikipedia)
Structure:
Title of Page.
(Year, Month,
Date). Site
name. Retrieve
Effects of COVID-19 on College Students’ Mental Health in the United States:
Interview Survey Study
Due to the long-lasting pandemic situation and onerous measures such as lockdown
and stay-at-home orders, the COVID-19 pandemic brings negative impacts on higher
education. The findings of our study highlight the urgent need to develop
interventions and preventive strategies to address the mental health of college
students.
Effects of COVID-19 on College Students’ Mental Health. (2021, May
4). J Med Internet. 2022, Aug 4. https://www.jmir.org/2020/9/e21279/

12. 4. Date of
Publication is
not listed.
-use the
abbreviation
(n.d.)
Structure:
Author or
Group Name.
(n.d.). Title of
Effects of COVID-19 on College Students’ Mental Health in the United States:
Interview Survey Study
Due to the long-lasting pandemic situation and onerous measures such as lockdown
and stay-at-home orders, the COVID-19 pandemic brings negative impacts on higher
education. The findings of our study highlight the urgent need to develop
interventions and preventive strategies to address the mental health of college
students.
Health is Wealth Movement. (n.d.). Effects of COVID-19 on College
Students’ Mental Health. J Med Internet.
https://www.jmir.org/2020/9/e21279/

14. B. ONLINE
VIDEOS
1. General
format for
citing online
videos.
Structure:
- Last Name, A.
A. [Screen
name]. (Year,
Month, Date).
Title of Video
Maravilla, L. A. [Lyqa]. (2020,
June15). English Grammar
[youtu.be/RUNj1jAouHA].
https://youtu.be/funkljAouah
Last name,
initials
Screen name
(Year, Month,
Date)
Title of
Video
[Video File]
Retrieved from
http://

15. B. ONLINE
VIDEOS
2. Person’s
screen name
only.
Structure:
- Screen name.
(Year, Month,
Date). Title of
Video [Video
File]. Retrieved
from http://xxxx
[Lyqa]. (2020, June15). English
Grammar
[youtu.be/RUNj1jAouHA].
https://youtu.be/funkljAouah

17. WIKIPEDIA
Structure:
Title of article.
(Year, Month,
Date). In
Wikipedia. URL
of archived
version of page.
History of Humanities. (2017, February 19). In
Wikipedia. https://www.chronicle.com/article/How-a-
New-Field-Could-Help/239209

19. 1. If a site is
associated with
a newspaper,
leave the title
unformatted,
italicize the title
of the
newspaper.
Structure:
Last name, F. M.
(Year, Month,
Date). Title of
Ronaldo, B. R. (2022, November
28). Private Hospitals ready for
Omicron subvariant BQ.1. Manila
Bulletin.
https://mb.com.ph/2022/11/28/privat

20. 2. Source doesn’t
come from the
site with an
associated
newspaper,
italicize the title
of the page.
Structure:
Last name, F. M.
(Year, Month,
Date). Title of
article. Name of
Ronaldo, B. R. (2022, November
28). Private Hospitals ready for
Omicron subvariant BQ.1. National
News.
https://mb.com.ph/2022/11/28/privat
e-hospitals-ready-for-omicron-