Lesson 1 exploring data
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This document defines and provides examples of different types of data: - Qualitative/categorical data that can be placed in categories and quantitative/numerical data that can be used mathematically. - It then identifies examples of variables as qualitative or quantitative. - Discrete variables obtained by counting and continuous variables obtained by measuring are also defined and examples given. - Finally, the document defines nominal, ordinal and interval levels of measurement and classifies examples into each category.
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Lesson 1 exploring data
- 2. Types of Data: Qualitative or Categorical • Variables that can be places into distinct categories, according to some characteristics. Represented in bar graphs, circle graphs and pictographs. Quantitative or Numerical • Variables that are numerical and can be used in mathematical calculations. Quantitative Variable Quantitative Variable
- 3. Identify each of the following variables as qualitative or quantitative: a)Age b)Television viewing preferences c) Colour of hair d)pH of water samples e)Favourite meal f) Volume of a radio g)Seating capacity h)Fabric texture
- 4. Identify each of the following variables as qualitative or quantitative: a) Age - quantitative b) Television viewing preferences - qualitative c) Colour of hair - qualitative d) pH of water samples - quantitative e) Favourite meal - qualitative f) Volume of a radio – quantitative (possibly qualitative) g) Seating capacity- quantitative h) Fabric texture- qualitative
- 5. DiscreteVariables Data which are obtained by counting. i.e. this class has 32 students (can not have a fraction of a student) ContinuousVariables Data which are obtained by measuring. i.e. height of students – John is 173 cm tall or John is 173.2 cm or John is 173.32 cm
- 6. Identify each of the following variables as discrete or continuous: a)Age b)pH of water samples c) Volume of a radio d)Seating capacity e)Grades
- 7. Identify each of the following variables as discrete or continuous: a) Age – discrete (possibly continuous i.e. 2.5 years old) b) pH of water samples - continuous c) Volume of a radio – continuous d) Seating capacity- discrete e) Grades - discrete
- 8. Types of Measurement Nominal Classifies data into non- overlapping categories with no order and no range. i.e. asking grade 9 students which elementary school they attended (no ranking or order) Ordinal Classifies data into categories that can be ordered (ranked) but there are no precise differences between ranks. i.e. marking by levels – level 1, level 2, level 3, level 4 Interval Classifies data into categories that can be ranked and there are precise differences between the ranks. i.e. make percentages – a mark of 81% is better than 80%
- 9. Classify the following data as nominal, ordinal or interval: a)Postal code b)IQ c) Grade (A, B, C, D, F) d)Temperature e)Ranking of your favourite video games f) Dominant hand (left-handed or right-handed)
- 10. Classify the following data as nominal, ordinal or interval: a)Postal code – nominal (non-overlapping & no ranking) b)IQ – interval (ranked w/ precise differences) c) Grade (A, B, C, D, F) – ordinal (ranked & no precise differences) d)Temperature – interval (ranked w/ precise differences) e)Ranking of your favourite video games – ordinal (ranked categories & no precise differences bw ranks) f) Dominant hand (left-handed or right-handed) – nominal (non-overlapping & no ranking)