This document discusses database administration tasks for Real Application Clusters (RAC) databases. It covers using Enterprise Manager cluster database pages, defining redo log files and undo tablespaces in a RAC environment, starting and stopping RAC databases and instances, modifying initialization parameters in a RAC environment, and managing ASM instances in a RAC environment. The key topics include configuring redo logs and undo tablespaces across instances, using SQL*Plus and SRVCTL to start and stop instances, parameters that require identical or unique settings in RAC, and using ASM disk groups with Enterprise Manager in a RAC configuration.
Understanding Oracle RAC 12c Internals as presented during Oracle Open World 2013 with Mark Scardina.
This is part two of the Oracle RAC 12c "reindeer series" used for OOW13 Oracle RAC-related presentations.
Understanding Oracle RAC 12c Internals as presented during Oracle Open World 2013 with Mark Scardina.
This is part two of the Oracle RAC 12c "reindeer series" used for OOW13 Oracle RAC-related presentations.
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This presentation describes how Oracle Grid Infrastructure can be used to bring high availability to any application and example is given using MySQL.
Publicly delivered:
OUGE Meetup Feb, 2014
Oracle Technology Day in Tallinn 2014
OUGN Spring Conference 2014
OUGF Harmony 2014
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Apache Cassandra 2.0 and 2.1 include a wealth of new and updated features. Some are well known, others are known to only a few. But any of them could help you reduce latency, improve throughput, or make operations easier. This talk will take a deep dive into features that improve: Compaction, Write Performance, Memory Management, CQL 3, TTL and Tombstones, & Repair. Existing and new users will benefit from this wide ranging view of the features Apache Cassandra offers.
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Hello Everyone ! Hope everybody doing good in their work and with their busy life.
Today i am listing down some interesting ORA- errors which i found recently as a Beginner, My Good Luck i have solved those too. So, here i am Listing down the errors with solutions.
It happens when you work with oracle, you may face or might be facing.
So, guys ! Be fearless. Have a look over it. If you need any help, Please Please let me know..
Thankyou.
Trainingicon provides Oracle Rac Dba Online Training along with Oracle Apps, Dba, Technical, Scm, and Siebel Trainings LiveProjectswith Real time 13+ Experts
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Making MySQL highly available using Oracle Grid InfrastructureIlmar Kerm
This presentation describes how Oracle Grid Infrastructure can be used to bring high availability to any application and example is given using MySQL.
Publicly delivered:
OUGE Meetup Feb, 2014
Oracle Technology Day in Tallinn 2014
OUGN Spring Conference 2014
OUGF Harmony 2014
Cassandra Summit 2014: Lesser Known Features of Cassandra 2.1DataStax Academy
Presenter: Aaron Morton, Apache Cassandra Committer & Co-Founder of The Last Pickle
Apache Cassandra 2.0 and 2.1 include a wealth of new and updated features. Some are well known, others are known to only a few. But any of them could help you reduce latency, improve throughput, or make operations easier. This talk will take a deep dive into features that improve: Compaction, Write Performance, Memory Management, CQL 3, TTL and Tombstones, & Repair. Existing and new users will benefit from this wide ranging view of the features Apache Cassandra offers.
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This is a bare bones, getting started with MySQL replication presentation showing both GTID and non-GTID replication of MySQL relational databases plus some supporting MySQL utilities
MySQL Replication Update -- Zendcon 2016Dave Stokes
How does MySQL work at a conceptual level and at a how-to-do-it level is covered in this presentation plus information on other replication options like Group Replication and Multi Master
Hello Everyone ! Hope everybody doing good in their work and with their busy life.
Today i am listing down some interesting ORA- errors which i found recently as a Beginner, My Good Luck i have solved those too. So, here i am Listing down the errors with solutions.
It happens when you work with oracle, you may face or might be facing.
So, guys ! Be fearless. Have a look over it. If you need any help, Please Please let me know..
Thankyou.
Trainingicon provides Oracle Rac Dba Online Training along with Oracle Apps, Dba, Technical, Scm, and Siebel Trainings LiveProjectswith Real time 13+ Experts
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
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2. Objectives
• After completing this lesson, you should be able to:
– Use Enterprise Manager cluster database pages
– Define redo log files in a RAC environment
– Define undo tablespaces in a RAC environment
– Start and stop RAC databases and instances
– Modify initialization parameters in a RAC environment
– Manage ASM instances in a RAC environment
16. Redo Log Files and RAC
…
RAC01.THREAD=1
RAC02.THREAD=2
…
SPFILE
Shared storage
Group 1
Thread 1
Node1
RAC01
Node2
RAC02
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Thread 2
Group 5
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 4;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 5;
ALTER DATABASE ENABLE THREAD 2;
17. Automatic Undo Management and RAC
…
RAC01.UNDO_TABLESPACE=undotbs3
RAC02.UNDO_TABLESPACE=undotbs2
…
ALTER SYSTEM SET UNDO_TABLESPACE=undotbs3 SID='RAC01';
undotbs3
Node1
RAC01
Node2
RAC02
undotbs1
SPFILE
undotbs2
Shared storage
Transaction recovery
Pending
offline
Consistent reads
18. Starting and Stopping RAC Instances
– Multiple instances can open the same database
simultaneously.
– Shutting down one instance does not interfere with
other running instances.
– SHUTDOWN TRANSACTIONAL LOCAL does not
wait for other instances’ transactions to finish.
– RAC instances can be started and stopped by using:
• Enterprise Manager
• Server Control (SRVCTL) utility
• SQL*Plus
– Shutting down a RAC database means shutting
down all instances accessing the database.
19. Starting and Stopping
RAC Instances with SQL*Plus
[stc-raclin01] $ echo $ORACLE_SID
RACDB1
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup
SQL> shutdown
[stc-raclin02] $ echo $ORACLE_SID
RACDB2
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup
SQL> shutdown
[stc-raclin01] $sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup
SQL> shutdown
SQL> connect sys/oracle@RACDB2 as sysdba
SQL> startup
SQL> shutdown
OR
21. Switch Between the Automatic
and Manual Policies
srvctl modify database -d RACB -y MANUAL;
$ srvctl config database -d RACB -a
ex0044 RACB1 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
ex0045 RACB2 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
DB_NAME: RACB
ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
SPFILE: +DGDB/RACB/spfileRACB.ora
DOMAIN: null
DB_ROLE: null
START_OPTIONS: null
POLICY: AUTOMATIC
ENABLE FLAG: DB ENABLED
$
22. RAC Initialization Parameter Files
– An SPFILE is created if you use the DBCA.
– The SPFILE must be created on a shared volume
or shared raw device.
– All instances use the same SPFILE.
– If the database is created manually, then create an
SPFILE from a PFILE.
Node1
RAC01
SPFILE
SPFILE=…
initRAC01.ora
Node2
RAC02
SPFILE=…
initRAC02.ora
23. SPFILE Parameter Values and RAC
– You can change parameter settings using the ALTER
SYSTEM SET command from any instance:
– SPFILE entries such as:
• *.<pname> apply to all instances
• <sid>.<pname> apply only to <sid>
• <sid>.<pname> takes precedence over *.<pname>
– Use current or future *.<dpname> settings for
<sid>:
– Remove an entry from your SPFILE:
ALTER SYSTEM RESET <dpname> SCOPE=SPFILE sid='<sid|*>';
ALTER SYSTEM RESET <dpname> SCOPE=MEMORY sid='<sid>';
ALTER SYSTEM SET <dpname> SCOPE=MEMORY sid='<sid|*>';
29. Quiescing RAC Databases
– Use the ALTER SYSTEM QUIESCE RESTRICTED
statement from a single instance:
– The database cannot be opened by other instances after
the ALTER SYSTEM QUIESCE… statement starts.
– The ALTER SYSTEM QUIESCE RESTRICTED and
ALTER SYSTEM UNQUIESCE statements affect all
instances in a RAC environment.
– Cold backups cannot be taken when the database is in a
quiesced state.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM QUIESCE RESTRICTED;
30. Terminating Sessions on a Specific
Instance
SQL> SELECT SID, SERIAL#, INST_ID
2 FROM GV$SESSION WHERE USERNAME='JFV';
SID SERIAL# INST_ID
---------- ---------- ----------
140 3340 2
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION '140,3340,@2';
System altered.
SQL>
ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION '140,3340,@2'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00031: session marked for kill
31. How SQL*Plus Commands Affect
Instances
SQL*Plus Command Associated Instance
ARCHIVE LOG Generally affects the current instance
CONNECT Affects the default instance if no instance is
specified in the CONNECT command
HOST Affects the node running the SQL*Plus session
RECOVER Does not affect any particular instance, but rather
the database
SHOW PARAMETER and
SHOW SGA
Show the current instance parameter and SGA
information
STARTUP and
SHUTDOWN
Affect the current instance
SHOW INSTANCE Displays information about the current instance
32. Node1
Transparent Data Encryption and
Wallets in RAC
– One wallet shared by all instances on shared storage:
• No additional administration required
– One copy of the wallet on each local storage:
• Local copies need to be synchronized each time master key is
changed
ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION KEY
Wallet
Master keys
Node2
Wallet
Master key
Noden
Wallet
Master key
Manual copy
Manual
copy
1
2
33. ASM: General Architecture
ASM
instance
SID=+ASM1
ASM
instance
SID=+ASM2
ASM disks ASM disks ASM disks ASM disks ASM disks ASM disks
ASM disk group Tom ASM disk group Bob ASM disk group Harry
DB
instance
SID=sales1
DB
instance
SID=test1
DB
instance
SID=sales2
DB
instance
SID=test2
ASMB
ASMB
FG
FG FG
FG
Node2
Node1 Group Services
tom=+ASM1
bob=+ASM1
harry=+ASM1
Group Services
tom=+ASM2
bob=+ASM2
harry=+ASM2
DBW0
DBW0
DBW0
DBW0
ASMB
RBAL RBAL
ARB0
ARBA
…
ARB0
ARBA
…
ASMB
RBAL
RBAL RBAL
RBAL
GMON
GMON
34. ASM Instance and Crash Recovery in
RAC
Disk group A
Node2
+ASM2
Node1
+ASM1
Both instances mount
disk group
Disk group A
Node2
+ASM2
Node1
+ASM1
ASM instance failure
Disk group A
Node2
+ASM2
Node1
Disk group repaired
by surviving instance
Disk Group A
Node2
+ASM2
Node1
+ASM1
Only one instance
mounts disk group
Disk Group A
Node2
+ASM2
Node1
+ASM1
ASM instance failure
Disk Group A
Node2
+ASM2
Node1
Disk group repaired
when next mounted
ASM crash recovery
ASM instance recovery
35. ASM Instance Initialization Parameters
and RAC
– CLUSTER_DATABASE: This parameter must be set
to TRUE.
– ASM_DISKGROUP:
• Multiple instances can have different values.
• Shared disk groups must be mounted by each ASM
instance.
– ASM_DISKSTRING:
• Multiple instances can have different values.
• With shared disk groups, every instance should be able to
see the common pool of physical disks.
– ASM_POWER_LIMIT: Multiple instances can have
different values.
36. ASM and SRVCTL with RAC
– SRVCTL enables you to manage ASM from an
Oracle Clusterware (OC) perspective:
• Add an ASM instance to OC.
• Enable an ASM instance for OC automatic restart.
• Start up an ASM instance.
• Shut down an ASM instance.
• Disable an ASM instance from OC automatic restart.
• Remove an ASM instance configuration from the OCR.
• Get some status information.
• Set ASM instance dependency to database instance.
– The DBCA allows you to create ASM instances as
well as helps you to add and enable them with OC.
37. ASM and SRVCTL with RAC: Examples
$ srvctl start asm –n clusnode1
$ srvctl stop asm –n clusnode1 –o immediate
$ srvctl add asm -n clusnode1 -i +ASM1 -o /ora/ora10
$ srvctl disable asm –n clusnode1 –i +ASM1
• Start an ASM instance on the specified node:
• Stop an ASM instance on the specified node:
• Add OCR data about an existing ASM instance:
• Disable OC management of an ASM instance:
$ srvctl modify instance -d crm -i crm1 -s +asm1
40. Summary
• In this lesson, you should have learned how to:
– Use Enterprise Manager cluster database pages
– Define redo log files in a RAC environment
– Define undo tablespaces in a RAC environment
– Start and stop RAC databases and instances
– Modify initialization parameters in a RAC environment
– Manage ASM instances in a RAC environment