Les guimbardes

1. Les guimbardes dans le monde
Elle existe à travers le monde sous diverses appellations :
aman khuur (Mongolie)
angkuoch (Cambodge)
berimbau (Portugal)
birimbao (Espagne)
chang (Afghanistan)
cô ech (Edê [Vietnam])
dàn môi (Vietnam)
drembà (Roumanie)
genggong (Bali)
gôc (Ma, Lac [Vietnam])
guimbarde, trompe de Béarn (France)
hûn toong (Thai [Vietnam])
jew’s harp (Angleterre)
karinding (Java)
khomus (Yakoutie)
kouhuang ou kouqin (Chine)
maultrommel (Allemagne)
mokena (Tonga)
mooria (Nouvelle Zélande)
morchang (Inde)
mukkuri (Japon, chez les Aïnous)
munngiga (Suède)
munnharp (Norvège)
rab ncas (chez les Hmong du Laos)
röding (Jörai [Vietnam])
scacciapensieri ou marranzanu (Italie)
susap (Nouvelle Guinée)
then (Bahnar [Vietnam])
tuong (Köho [Vietnam])
vargan (Russie)

3. Sweden: mungiga
Denmark: jødeharpe
Great Britain&USA: jew's harp, trump (old name),
Austria: maultrommel
Germany: mundharfe
France: guimbarde
Italy: scacciapensieri
Netherlands: mondharp
Hungary: doromb
Poland: drumla
Russia: vargan
Bashkortostan: kubyz
Kazakhstan: shan-kobys
Kyrgyzstan: temir-komus
Yakutia, Altai, Mongolia: khomus
Japan(Hokkaido): mukkuri
Japan: koukin
Phillipines: ruding (kubing)
Indonesia: genggong
India: morsing
India(Rajahstan): morchang
Thailand: rab ncas
China: hoho, sheng, sho.
*EUROPE*
Albania: vegël tringulluese
Basque: trompa, modu-gitarra, muxu-gitarra, mosu-musika
Byelorussian: drymba
Czech: brumle, drnkaäka

4. Danish: mundharpe
Dutch: mondtrom
English: Jew’s harp, Jew’s trump, jawharp, jaw’s harp, juice harp
Estonian: parmupill (“bumble-bee instrument”), konnapill (“frog instrument”), suupill (“lip-
instrument”)
Finnish: munniharppu, turpajurra (“impossible to translate”), märistysrauta (something like
“trembling iron”), huulipeli (“lip-instrument”), suupeli (“mouth-instrument”), suuharppu
(“mouth harp”), mörinärauta (“growl iron”), möristysrauta (“growling iron”), juutalaisharppu
(“jew harp”), juutalaisen harppu (“jew's harp”), taavetin harppu (“David's harp”), pussipeli
(“bag-instrument”)
Flemish: tromp
French: guimbarde;
Switzerland: bombarde, rebaîrbe (North Jura), rbiba (South Jura), rbaîrbe ,
(Freiberge) ,zanforgna, cinforgna, zinforgna ,trümmi (Lucerne), trimpi, trimmi (Uri),
muultrummle (Bern), tremolo (Bosco-Gurin)
German: maultrommel, mundharmonika (elegant nineteenth century term);
Hungarian: doromb
Icelandic: munnharpa

5. Irish: trumpadh
Italian: scacciapensieri, ribeba; Sicilian: marranzanu, gnagnararrone;
Latvian: vargas
Lithuanian: bandírälis, bandurka, šeivale
Norwegian: munnharpa, munnspill
Portugese: berimbau
Romanian: drîmba, drîmboaie, drîmb, drînd, drîndä, drîng
Romansch: timpan, suna da bucca, trumbla, tschinforgna, schanforgna
Russian: vargan
Sardinian: sa trunfa
Scottish Gaelic: tromp
Serbian: drombulja, drombulje, drimbolj
Spanish: birimbao, guimbarda
Swedish: mungiga

6. Ukrainian: drymba, drumlya, doromba, organ, vargan, vigran
Welsh: ysturmant (North Wales), biwba (South Wales), biwbo, giwga, giwgan
Wendish: brumladeo
*ASIA*
Afghanistan: chang-ko’uz (Mzbek people)
Altay: temir-komus, komos, kobys-tyunyur
Bashkir: kubyz, kumyz; wooden lamellate type: agach-kumyz, agach-kubyz; metal bow-
shaped type: timer-kumyz, temir-kubyz
Buryat: khur, khuur
Burma: ata (Lahu people); rab ncas (Hmong people)
Cambodia: angkuoc
China: huang, koqin; k’api (Lutseu people): tivtiv (Ami subculture, Taiwan)
Chukchi: vanni-yayar (“tooth-tambourine”)
Chuvash: varam-tuma (“gnat”), palnay, jupas, varkhan
Even: kunkon

7. Evenk: wooden lamellate type: panar, purgip-kavun; metal bow-shaped type: kengipkevun,
kongipkavun, pangipkavun
India: generally distributed terms: murchang, morchang, muchang, munchang, mursang;
mursing, morsing (Tamil Nadu); gagana (Garo people, Assam); ghoraliyau (Rajasthan);
tendor (Madhya Pradesh); ka-mien (Khasi people, Assam, and Meghalay)
Indonesia: genggong; rinding (Java), karinding (Baduj people, West Java): gogo (Gayo
area, Sumatra); popo (Acheh region, Sumatra); druri bewe (southern Nias), duri (northern
Nias); ego, genggo, robe (Flores); juring (Krui area, Sumatra); saga-saga (Pakpak Dairi
region, northern Sumatra); karombi (Sa’dan Toraja area, South Sulawesi); oli (Minahasa,
North Sulawesi); nago oa, keit besi, nago besi (Timor)
Iran: zamburak
Japan: mukkuri (Hokkaido Ainu), mukkuna (Sakhalin Ainu)
Kazakh: komyz, temir-komyz
Ket: pymel’
Khakass: temir-komys
Khantsi: tumra, tomra
Kirghiz: wooden lamellate type: komuz; metal bow-shaped type: temir-komuz
Koryak: vanni-yayay (“tooth-tambourine”)
Laos: hun, toi

8. Malaysia: bungkau, turiding (Sabah); gurudeng (Iban people, Sarawak); junggotan
(Bedayah people, South Sarawak); juring rangguin (Temiar people, West Malaysia):
rangoyd (Lanoh tribe, West Malaysia); rangun (Juhai tribe, West Malaysia); jyrin (Sakai
people, Malacca, Kelantan) Mansi: tumran, suup-tumran
Man: kovyzh, komyzh, kabas, umsha-kovyzh
Mongolia: aman khuur, aman tobshuur; Dörböt tribe, western Mongolia: bamboo, horn,
bone, or wooden lamellate type: khulsan khuur; iron bow-shaped type: temür khuur, tömör
khuur
Nanay: metal lamellate type: kunkha; metal bow-shaped type: myny
Negidal: konkikhi
Nenets: vyvko (“buzzer”)
Nepal: bamboo lamellate type: binaiyo; kha-wang (metal bow-shaped type, Thakahi
people); machinga, changu (Sunuwar people); machunga (Rai people); kom-i (Limbu
people); gon-kap (Tamang people)
Nivkh: wooden or copper lamellate type: kanga; iron bow-shaped type: vych ranga
Oroch: kunkan
Orok: kunga
Pakistan: chang, morchang

9. Philippines: kubing (southern Philippines); abafiw, alibaw, olat, onat (Bontoc people,
northern Philippines); afiw (northern Philippines); biqqung, guyud (Ifugao people); giwong,
onat, ulibao, ulibaw (Kalinga people); ko-ding (Ibaloy people); kulibao (Negrito people); ori-
bao (Isneg people) Sel’kup: pynyr (“hummer”), al’ pynyr (“mouth hummer”); wooden
lamellate type: pol’ pynyr; metal bow-shaped type: kezyl pynyr
Tajik: chang-kobuz, temir-chang, changi zanona
Tatar: kubyz
Thailand: hoen-toong
Tibet: kha-rnga (“mouth-drum”, cf. German Maultrommel)
Turkey: aêiz tamburasi
Turkmen: kobyz
Tuvinian: wooden lamellate type: yash-khomus; bamboo or reed lamellate type: kuluzun-
khomus; metal bow-shaped type: temir-khomus
Udegey: metal lamellate and metal bow-shaped types; kongkoy
Ul’chi: panga
Uzbek: chang-kobuz, chang-kavuz, temir-chang
Vietnam: çàn môi; nggoec, tong (Mnong people); kong kle, kon hle, rhnui (Sedang people);
göch (Rhade people); roding (Jorai people); toung {Koho, Sre, and Maa peoples); then
(Bahnar people); guat (Roglai people); pang teu ing (Muong people)

10. Yakut: khomus
*OCEANIA*
Cook Islands: pokakakaka; titapu (Rarotonga)
Guam: belembaupachet (Chamorro people)
Hawaii: ni’ au kani
Mangaia: tangi ko’e
Marquesas: hiva oa, tita’a kohe
New Britain Island: kaur (Gazelle Peninsula)
New Guinea: susap (Pidgin): begnankr (Buang people); bombom pumbune, tungge,
songer (Biak and Tanah Merah, Irian Jaya)
New Zealand (Maori): kukau, rooria
Palau Islands: tumtum ra lild
Pukapuka: vivo
Samoa: utete (also used in Futuna, Tonga, and Uvea)
Solomon Islands: mabu (Nissan); tankuvani (Nasioi people)

11. Tonga: mokena
*AFRICA* (local terms for imported European metal bow-shaped instruments)
Madagascar: lokanga vava
Nigeria: bambaro, bamboro, babore (Hausa people, also in Cameroon, Mali and Niger;
Songhay people of Niger); zagada (another Hausa term)
South Africa: sekebeku, setjoli (Sotho people); isithokotholo (Zulu people)
Tanzania: koma (Shambala people)
C’est en Asie que l’on peut trouver la plus grande diversité dans les types de guimbarde :
en bois, en bambou, en métal, à une, deux, trois jusqu’à quatre languettes (Formose).
http://www.users.bigpond.com/apertout/Jew'sHarp.htm
http://www.antropodium.nl/4e%20pagENG.htm#index
http://www.antropodium.nl/reviews%20collectionphotos.htm