The document summarizes research on the relationship between media portrayal of suicide and suicide rates among adolescents. Several studies have found correlations, with suicide rates sometimes spiking in the days and weeks following prominent media stories about suicide. Factors that may influence adolescents include identifying with suicide victims in the media, graphic or extensive coverage of suicide methods, and easy access to information about suicide online or in other media. While some research is inconclusive, many experts believe the media has a responsibility to discuss suicide carefully to avoid unintended impacts on vulnerable youth.
Self-Construal, Media Use and Dreams between Canadians of Differing Cultural ...jgackenb
Gahr, S. & Gackenbach, J.I. (2014, June). Self-Construal, Media Use and Dreams between Canadians of Differing Cultural Backgrounds. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the International Association for the Study of Dreams, Berkley, CA. Abstract published in the International Journal of Dream Research, http://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/IJoDR/issue/view/1703.
Do contrasting social expectations along with biological differences lead men and women to be affected differently by environmental contaminants like mercury or pesticides? How do gender and sex interact and impact population health? Professor Donna Mergler has authored more than 150 scientific articles and has given many lectures around the world on the subject, and will share her research on how to promote social and gender considerations when conducting environmental health research.
Transgender Health : Findings From Two Needs Assessment Studies In PhiladelphiaSanté des trans
Transgender Health: Findings from Two Needs Assessment Studies in Philadelphia.
Il s'agit d'un article de Gretchen P. Kenagy, paru dans la revue Health and Social Work (volume: 30. Issue: 1) en 2005.
Il présente les résultats de deux enquêtes de recueil des besoins des trans en matière de santé à Philadelphie.
Literature Review - Gun Violence from a Family PerspectiveParissaShedd
Literature review that explores the topic of gun violence from a family perspective. This paper demonstrates the importance of family life and how one’s emotional climate can greatly affect their development.
Powerpoint Presentation correlating to the literature review done on the Effectiveness of Non-pharmocological treatments in reducing depressive symptoms
Self-Construal, Media Use and Dreams between Canadians of Differing Cultural ...jgackenb
Gahr, S. & Gackenbach, J.I. (2014, June). Self-Construal, Media Use and Dreams between Canadians of Differing Cultural Backgrounds. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the International Association for the Study of Dreams, Berkley, CA. Abstract published in the International Journal of Dream Research, http://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/IJoDR/issue/view/1703.
Do contrasting social expectations along with biological differences lead men and women to be affected differently by environmental contaminants like mercury or pesticides? How do gender and sex interact and impact population health? Professor Donna Mergler has authored more than 150 scientific articles and has given many lectures around the world on the subject, and will share her research on how to promote social and gender considerations when conducting environmental health research.
Transgender Health : Findings From Two Needs Assessment Studies In PhiladelphiaSanté des trans
Transgender Health: Findings from Two Needs Assessment Studies in Philadelphia.
Il s'agit d'un article de Gretchen P. Kenagy, paru dans la revue Health and Social Work (volume: 30. Issue: 1) en 2005.
Il présente les résultats de deux enquêtes de recueil des besoins des trans en matière de santé à Philadelphie.
Literature Review - Gun Violence from a Family PerspectiveParissaShedd
Literature review that explores the topic of gun violence from a family perspective. This paper demonstrates the importance of family life and how one’s emotional climate can greatly affect their development.
Powerpoint Presentation correlating to the literature review done on the Effectiveness of Non-pharmocological treatments in reducing depressive symptoms
THE SEVEN C’S IN NURSE/PHYSICIAN RELATIONSHIP - By Joyce Asaborstuber111
Joyce Asabor, a registered nurse from NY has prepared a presentation on the Seven C's in Nurse/Physician Relationship which she identified as key to successful interaction in improving patient experience in any health care setting. She has more than 10 years of experience in heathcare industry. The main objective of this workshop is to recognize the problem, recognize the need to correct and change the mind set of health care professionals so that they can be more open to new ideas. Also to recognize the essence of a healthy work environment and reduce stress in order to increase productivity.
The literature review is not merely a simple compilation or a list of every item and resource with any possible relation to your topic. A good literature review is a critical appraisal of narrowly focused, selected and truly relevant work that provides the current status (perspective) of the topic. This presentation basically is a brief guide on the process of doing and writing a literature review for a thesis, research proposal, research paper, etc.
Impact of Suicide on People Exposed to a FatalityFranklin Cook
"Impact of Suicide on People Exposed to a Fatality" is excerpted and adapted from Responding to Grief, Trauma, and Distress After a Suicide: U.S. National Guidelines (2015), by the Survivors of Suicide Loss Task Force (bit.ly/sosl-taskforce) of the National Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention. The original document is available free for download at bit.ly/respondingsuicide.
This summary report concludes that:
The research delineated above represents the solid and growing body of evidence that, for a significant number of people exposed to the suicide fatality or attempt of another person, there are long-term, harmful mental health consequences. Shneidman’s declaration (1972) that postvention is prevention for the next generation is unquestionably supported by clear and overwhelming evidence that exposure to the suicide of another person, particularly of a close intimate, elevates the risk of suicidal behavior and of death by suicide in the population of people exposed.
The Grief After Suicide blog post related to this essay is http://bit.ly/impactessay.
MEDIA’S INFLUENCE ON AGGRESSION1MEDIA’S INFLUENCE ON AGGRESSIO.docxandreecapon
MEDIA’S INFLUENCE ON AGGRESSION 1
MEDIA’S INFLUENCE ON AGGRESSION 6
Media’s influence on aggression
Research Methods | PSY302 A01
Dr. Yvonne Bustamante
Argosy University
Tony Williams
9 May 2015
Media’s influence on aggression
Aggressiveness can be caused by media. Anderson et al (2003: p4), explain that the effects of violent media have much been consecutively demonstrated. On the other hand, other scholars (Freedman, 2002; Olson, 2004: p28) explain that media violence research field has been mismanaged, and that they show weak and inconsistent results. Besides, they exhibit poor measures of aggression. H1: The media influences the violence or aggression of adolescents and young adults due to ignorance of the measures that should be taken to avoid the same. Research shows that fictional television and film violence contribute to increase in aggression and violence in young viewers.
Aggressiveness may be measured as short term or long term.an example of a short term behavior is mimicry. On the other hand, a person that does behavior out of their conscious awareness experiences a long term effect of aggressiveness since the long term one is linked to the brain.
In this essay, I shall look at how media influences aggression of the youth and children. Some notable changes in the recent are the advent and saturation of mass media. In this century media like radio, television, and internet and others like movies, videos, video games, and computer networks have assumed central roles in our daily lives. Exposure to violence on media increases the risk of violent behavior on the viewer’s part. The highest percent of youths who are aggressive and exhibit antisocial behavior do not grow up to become violent. Still, research has shown that aggressive children may grow up to be aggressive adults and aggressive adults were as aggressive while young.
First, television and films is the threshold of aggressiveness and violence in youths and children. Violent content is more prominent to these prominent media in our modern life.George and Helm (1991) came up to a conclusion after research that children in the United States spend an average of between three and four hours per day viewing television. This is a high percentage compared to the time they would use in other useful activities. Josephson assigned 396 kids to watch either a violent or a nonviolent film before they played a game of floor hockey in school to create an example of violent behavior in young children. The outcome was that they were aggressive while playing hockey (Josephson, 1987: p53). This example shows that exposing violent material to young people increases their chances of behaving violently afterwards.
Similar effects of aggressiveness are observed among older adolescents and young adults. Violent clips make them more aggressive compared to the nonviolent clips (Jones, 1995: p69). An experiment testing the agg ...
This is a PowerPoint presentation of a review of research literature for Instructor Katina Clarke, Argosy University, Chicago (2010), Advanced General Psychology,PSY492 UB.
Proposed Study
Alexander Wenceslao, Briahna Pitts, Shaina Clasberry, Elbert Johnson, and Edith Zamora
January 18, 2016
PSY/ 335
Dr. Nancy Lees
Summary
Suicide is a national risk to all ages, both attempted and completed suicides. Suicidal behavior is able to be influenced by many factors that are both internal and external. While external factors such as the media may pose as an influence, internal factors such as genetics or situational stress may pose as influences as well. A new study that the group would create to answer the remaining unanswered questions would be to incorporate as many individuals as possible with a mass survey. The individuals that the survey targets would be those who are currently experiencing suicide related situations or have experienced suicidal situations in the past. Also, this survey would be inclusive to ask questions about what the causes are for the individuals to contemplate suicide. The external factors outside of the targeted group, the survey would be the media and its effect on suicidal influence, benefactors of the suicidal community, and those related to the suicidal individuals. To ensure gaining questions to remaining unanswered questions, the survey can ask questions concerning the external factors.
Our group would set out to answer the following research question: “Is it possible to prevent suicidal influences by taking preemptive measures?” The hypothesis would be if it is possible to prevent suicidal influences, then the preemptive measures could be implemented across all demographics—thus decreasing national suicide rates.
Suicide risk in relation to socioeconomic, demographic, psychiatric, and familial factors: A national register-based study of all suicides in denmark
Abstract. Suicide risk was addressed in relation to the joint effect of factors regarding family structure, socioeconomics, demographics, mental illness, and family history of suicide and mental illness, as well as gender differences in risk factors. Method: Data were drawn from four national Danish longitudinal registers. Subjects were all 21,169 persons who committed suicide in 1981-1997 and 423,128 live comparison subjects matched for age, gender, and calendar time of suicide by using a nested case-control design. The effect of risk factors was estimated through conditional logistic regression. The interaction of gender with the risk factors was examined by using the log likelihood ratio test. The population attributable risk was calculated. Results: Of the risk factors examined in the study, a history of hospitalization for psychiatric disorder was associated with the highest odds ratio and the highest attributable risk for suicide. Cohabiting or single marital status, unemployment, low income, retirement, disability, sickness-related absence from work, and a family history of suicide and/or psychiatric disorders were also significant risk factors for suicide. Moreover, these factors had different effects in male and fe ...
Research on the Effects of Media ViolenceWhether or not exposure.docxdebishakespeare
Research on the Effects of Media Violence
Whether or not exposure to media violence causes increased levels of aggression and violence in young people is the perennial question of media effects research. Some experts, like University of Michigan professor L. Rowell Huesmann, argue that fifty years of evidence show "that exposure to media violence causes children to behave more aggressively and affects them as adults years later." Others, like Jonathan Freedman of the University of Toronto, maintain that "the scientific evidence simply does not show that watching violence either produces violence in people, or desensitizes them to it."
Many Studies, Many Conclusions
Andrea Martinez at the University of Ottawa conducted a comprehensive review of the scientific literature for the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) in 1994. She concluded that the lack of consensus about media effects reflects three "grey areas" or constraints contained in the research itself.
First, media violence is notoriously hard to define and measure. Some experts who track violence in television programming, such as George Gerbner of Temple University, define violence as the act (or threat) of injuring or killing someone, independent of the method used or the surrounding context. Accordingly, Gerber includes cartoon violence in his data-set. But others, such as University of Laval professors Guy Paquette and Jacques de Guise, specifically exclude cartoon violence from their research because of its comical and unrealistic presentation.
Second, researchers disagree over the type of relationship the data supports. Some argue that exposure to media violence causes aggression. Others say that the two are associated, but that there is no causal connection. (That both, for instance, may be caused by some third factor.) And others say the data supports the conclusion that there is no relationship between the two at all.
Third, even those who agree that there is a connection between media violence and aggression disagree about how the one effects the other. Some say that the mechanism is a psychological one, rooted in the ways we learn. For example, Huesmann argues that children develop "cognitive scripts" that guide their own behaviour by imitating the actions of media heroes. As they watch violent shows, children learn to internalize scripts that use violence as an appropriate method of problem-solving.
Other researchers argue that it is the physiological effects of media violence that cause aggressive behaviour. Exposure to violent imagery is linked to increased heart rate, faster respiration and higher blood pressure. Some think that this simulated "fight-or-flight" response predisposes people to act aggressively in the real world.
Still others focus on the ways in which media violence primes or cues pre-existing aggressive thoughts and feelings. They argue that an individual’s desire to strike out is justified by media images in which both ...
Optimism as a Mediating Factor in the Relationship between Anxiety and News M...Danielle Hoyt
This survey-design study examined the relationship between degree of news media viewing and state anxiety levels, as well as the potentially moderating role that optimism may play in that relationship. As an independent researcher I was responsible for every aspect of this
study, under the supervision of my faculty advisor, Professor Joseph Trunzo PhD. I conceptualized the area of study, conducted a thorough literature review of existing relevant academic material, and created a research question and hypotheses. I then applied for and obtained approval from both Bryant’s Honors Program and Institutional Review Board. Using similar past studies as a reference, I created the survey format. I then recruited participants through communication with various departments and organizations on Bryant’s campus. I analyzed the data using SPSS software to determine Pearson’s correlation coefficients between several variables, as well as partial correlations when accounting for the optimism variable. I then wrote a paper on the study in addition to giving 2 presentations.
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
How STIs Influence the Development of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.pptx
LeeAnn Rostberg Literature Review PowerPoint
1. Media Effect on Adolescent Suicide Rates LeeAnnRostberg Argosy University
2. Abstract The media’s effect on adolescent suicide rates has been examined and a correlation has been found. Research confirming and denying the effects of the media were considered in this literature review. Identifying with a suicide victim and the availability of information pertaining to suicide are factors of adolescent suicides. Additional issues were raised relating to areas other than the media on adolescent suicide and what the media should do to protect the young people of today.
3. Introduction The average household has 2.24 television sets, while 66% of households have three or more (Norman, 2007) Adolescents 15-19 years of age are 2-4 times more likely than any other age group to commit suicide after being exposed to another person’s suicide (Gould, Jamieson, & Romer, 2003) Research Question: Does the media influence the perceptionsof adolescents in relation to suicide? Hypothesis: There is a relationship between the portrayal of suicide by the media and suicide rates among adolescents
4. Adolescent Perceptions About Death - Mishara (2003) In the preschool days children look at death as sleeping and not something that lasts forever (Mishara, 2003). Adolescents age 6-7 understand that death happens to everybody (Mishara, 2003). Adolescents learn about death at a young age; and yet do not learn about suicide (Mishara, 2003). According to Mishara (2003), the media teaches adolescents that suicide is associated with feeling angry, frustrated, or seeking revenge.
5. Newspaper Articles and the Internet - Hagihara, Tarumi, & Abe (2007) Research byHagihara, Tarumi, & Abe (2007) concluded that newspaper articles about suicide could predict suicide for both males and females. A linear model, fitted to time series data (monthly), was used to conduct their research (Hagihara, et al, 2007). Research found that Internet usage was a predictor for male suicides, but had no correlation with female suicides (Hagihara, et al, 2007). During the year 2000, 47.525% of males had Internet access while only 36.1% of females had Internet access (Hagihara, et al, 2007).
6. Suicide Stories Across the Internet - Williams (2011) Between February 2007 and August 2008, 24 young people in Bridgend, Wales committed suicide after talking about it for long periods of time online. 14-year-old students who saw at least two suicides on television took more risks, were prone to substance misuse, and had higher depression scores than students not witnessing suicide on television
7. Suicide Stories Across the Internet - Katsumata, Matsumoto, Kitani, & Takeshima (2008) 590 junior high school participants used in the study; 299 were male and 291 were female 35.3% of participants had a history of suicidal ideation, 15.9% had access to information about suicide on the internet 32.2% reported anxiety about emails not getting replies 25.5% stated they have had a hurtful experience on the web
8. Political & Celebrity Suicides – Stack (1996) Political and celebrity suicide stories 14.3 times more likely to create a copycat suicide than regular stories (Stack, 1996) Media relating to real suicide versus fictional suicide are 4.03 times more likely to have a copycat suicide (Stack, 1996)
9. Political & Celebrity Suicides –Ying-Yeh, Pei-Chen, Pao-Huan, Chun-Chieh, Galen, & Cheng (2010) Research taken after female celebrity Ivy Li committed suicide. 68% of participants had encountered Li’s suicide through the media Participants who had identified with Li’s suicide were less likely to have prior suicidal behaviors.
10. Television’s Portrayal of Suicide - Pirkis and Blood (2001) Strong correlation up to 10 days after a news report about suicide (Pirkis & Blood, 2001). Suicide declines in severity each day after. Adolescent suicides increased seven days after a broadcast about suicide.
11. Television’s Portrayal of Suicide - Gould, Jamieson, & Romer (2003) Increase in hospitalization due to suicide attempts after watching a movie that depicted suicide (Gould et al., 2003). Higher percentage of suicide in adolescents versus other age ranges (Gould et al., 2003). Adolescents influenced by the information they observe, both fact and fiction
12. Suicide in Multiple Countries - Fekete, Schmidtke, Takahashi, Etzersdorfer, Upanne, & Osvath (2001) Data from three central and three regional papers in 1981 and 1991 used for study Hungary added positive connotations to suicide Sometimes heroized the act Created a greater risk for imitation (Fekete et al., 2001) Finland was the only country that quoted prevention techniques and therapy as an alternative method to suicide
13. Education About Suicide –Goldney (2001) Correlation between media and adolescent suicide clustering makes up about 5% of suicides. Attempt to educate adolescents about suicide 14 studies found a reduction in adolescent suicide in areas that promoted suicide awareness volunteer organizations
14. Conclusion There is a relationship between the portrayal of suicide by the media and suicide rates among adolescents Medias representation of suicide a public health issue (Fekete, et al., 2001) Unanswered Questions:What aspects of media effect adolescents the most?Does fictional media play a greater role on suicidal tendencies than nonfictional media? In 2008 one of the three leading causes of death for adolescents was suicide
15. Conclusion After release of Final Exit, New York suicides from asphyxiation rose by 313% (Stack, 2003) Future research may study relationships between social networking sites and suicide rates among adolescents Media restrictions have been created in the United States, no proof they have taken effect Half of the children in one research aged 5-7 reported witnessing a suicide on television The time to take action is now
16. References Fekete, S., Schmidtke, A., Takahashi, Y., Etzersdorfer, E., Upanne, M., & Osvath, P. (2001). Mass media, cultural attitudes, and suicide: Results of an international comparative study. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 22(4), 170-172. doi:10.1027//0227-5910.22.4.170 Goldney, R. D. (2001). The media and suicide: A cautionary view. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 22(4), 173-175. doi:10.1027/0227-5910.22.4.173 Gould, M., Jamieson, P., & Romer, D. (2003). Media contagion and suicide among the young. American Behavioral Scientist, 46(9), 1269-1284. doi:10.1177/0002764202250670 Hagihara, A., Tarumi, K., & Abe, T. (2007). Media suicide-reports, Internet use and the occurrence of suicides between 1987 and 2005 in Japan. BMC Public Health, 7321-7328. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Katsumata, Y., Matsumoto, T., Kitani, M., & Takeshima, T. (2008). Electronic media use and suicidal ideation in Japanese adolescents. Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, 62(6), 744-746. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2008.01880.x Mishara, B. L. (2003). How the media influences children's conceptions of suicide. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 24(3), 128-130. doi:10.1027//0227-5910.24.3.128 Norman, H. (2007). Television and health. Retrieved from http://www.csun.edu/science/health/docs/tv&health.html
17. References Phillips D.P, Carstensen L.L. Clustering of teenage suicides after television news stories about suicide. New England Journal ofMedicine 1986; 315:685–689. Pirkis, J., & Blood, R. W. (2001). Suicide and the media: Part I. Reportage in nonfictional media. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 22(4), 146-154. doi:10.1027//0227-5910.22.4.146 Shea, S. (1999). The practical art of suicide assessment: A guide for mental health professionals and substance abuse counselors. Hoboken NJ; John Wiley. Stack, S. (2003). Media coverage as a risk factor in suicide. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 57(4), 238-240. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/195361688?accountid=34899 Williams, J. (2011). The effect on young people of suicide reports in the media. Mental Health Practice, 14(8), 34-36. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Ying-Yeh, C., Pei-Chen, T., Pao-Huan, C., Chun-Chieh, F., Galen, H., & Cheng, A. A. (2010). Effect of media reporting of the suicide of a singer in Taiwan: the case of Ivy Li. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 45(3), 363-369. doi:10.1007/s00127-009-0075-8
Editor's Notes
Adolescents live in a world surrounded by media. The average household has 2.24 television sets, while 66% of households have three or more. In 2008, one of the three leading causes of death for adolescents was suicide. Also to be noted, Adolescents 15-19 years of age are 2-4 times more likely than any other age group to commit suicide after being exposed to another person’s suicide. Does the media influence the perceptions of adolescents in relation to suicide? In the following paper this question will be analyzed through the use of relevant literature.There is a relationship between the portrayal of suicide by the media and suicide rates among adolescents. Research for this hypothesis has provided information confirming and denying the effect of media on suicide. It is important to note that suicide is an independent act and hard to generalize to a large population without making speculations.
Through movies such as Sleeping Beauty, young children learn that death is not absolute. It is not until age 6-7 that adolescents learn that everyone dies. However, they do not completely understand death. Death to a 6-7 year old is like going to sleep and not waking up. Television shows that feature characters such as Wile E Coyote indicate aggression and frustration with trying to harm another individual. In Wile E’s case it is the Roadrunner. Adolescents see death on a daily basis, just look at the already described cartoon program. However, dolescents do not learn about suicide. For this literature review, the research used past information that lacked background information. Family situations could have influences the results, without further research there is no way of knowing the reliability of the information.
Research was collected from January 1987 to March 2005 in Japan. The research indicated that newspaper articles about suicide could predict male and female suicides. A correlation between internet usage and suicide could only be found among males. However, more males than females had internet access during the time of the research. With the growing use of the internet, there will likely be an increase in the time spent online. This research is one of the first of its kind, which means that the results had nothing to compare to and the findings may not be generalizable.
Williams (2011) compares with the research conducted by Hagihara, Tarumi, & Abe. However, Williams’ research goes further in depth about the media and its ways of spreading suicidal stories across the Internet. Some researchers believe the communication of suicide for prolonged periods can desensitize young people and cause ‘cluster’ suicides. Some researchers blame the suicides that happened in Wales on social networking sites while others are not so sure. Adolescents who witnessed suicide, even when the suicide was fictional, took more risks, were prone to substance misuse, and had higher depression scores. One weakness to the representation of this study is there was no information about the study itself. Questions such as “what individual sites were used” as well as “how did researchers determine sites visited” are all questions that need to be answered.
For this literature review there were 590 junior high school participants used in the study; 299 were male and 291 were female. Results for the self-reporting questionnaire indicated that 35.3% of participants had a history of suicidal ideation, 15.9% had access to information about suicide on the internet, 32.2% reported anxiety about emails not getting replies, and 25.5% stated they have had a hurtful experience on the web. This research states that a history of suicide ideation may be related to the internet by means of email and web searches relating to suicide. The report failed to state how the studied variables cause suicidal thoughts. Since the study looked into suicidal ideation and not completed suicide, the results cannot confirm that electronic media causes adolescent suicide.
An article by Dr. Stack from the Department of Criminal Justice states that, political and celebrity suicide stories are 14.3 times more likely to create a copycat suicide than stories that do not include popular media figures. The measurements for this article were obtained from 293 findings in 42 scientific articles. Research has shown that media relating to real suicide versus fictional suicide are 4.03 times more likely to have a copycat suicide. One weakness of this article is it was based on past research and the article did not specify the location of the research events. This means the location could be a confounding variable.
In comparison to the results found in Dr. Stack’s article, another literature review found evidence of adolescents attempting suicide after the announcement of a celebrity suicide. For this particular study, research was taken after the suicide of a female celebrity known as Ivy Li. Attempted suicide participants who were hospitalized between November 14, 2008 and December 12, 2008 were used for the study. Results from a structured questionnaire showed 63 participants (68%) had encountered Li’s suicide through the media. The participants who had identified with Li’s suicide were less likely to have prior suicidal behaviors and a current diagnosis of depression. Results from this article cannot be generalized to a large group of people because the study had a small amount of participants and was only attempted once. Therefore the results cannot be considered reliable without further examination.
In part one of a three part series, Pirkis and Blood (2001) state that there is substantial empirical evidence that shows a consistent connection between the television’s portrayal of suicide and suicide rates. There is a strong correlation up to 10 days after a news report about suicide and declines in severity each day after. In this literature review a study by Phillips and Carstensen (1986) using regression analysis, which controlled for daily and season trends from 1973-1979, found that adolescent suicides increased seven days after a broadcast about suicide. A limitation to the research is the inability to know if suicide victims watched the publicized suicide story. The connection is only made by the time periods of the suicides in relation to the date of a suicide story
Gould, Jamieson, & Romer(2003) agree the media does directly effect adolescent suicide clustering. Their research showed an increase in hospitalization due to suicide attempts after watching a movie that depicted suicide. While suicide happens at every age range, there seems to be a higher percentage in adolescents. It has been theorized that adolescents may be more influenced by the information they observe by the medias modeling of events, both fact and fiction. The research article did not include specific information on the studies represented; instead it gave an overview. Important information such as the date of the studies, number of participants involved, and duration of the research limits the reliability of the information presented.
Six countries were considered in a research article about the effect of the media on adolescent suicide. Data from three central and three regional papers in 1981 and 1991 were used in the study . The content of the papers were analyzed with an emphasis on specified variables. Results from the analysis found that Hungary, unlike other countries, added positive connotations to suicide and sometimes heroized the act, therefore creating a greater risk for imitation. The report also found that Finland was the only country that quoted prevention techniques and therapy as an alternative method to suicide. The report lacked a connection with actual suicide; the research only looked at past newspapers and did not look at the amount of people that committed suicide around the times of the articles.
Unlike theresearch previously talked about, Goldney (2001) states that while the media does influence adolescent suicide clustering, the correlation between the two is relatively small, making up about 5% of suicides. The author put emphasis on the importance of the known correlation, stating that attempts should be made to educate adolescents about suicide. Fourteen studies found a reduction in adolescent suicide in areas that promoted suicide awareness volunteer organizations. The article by Goldney failed to address all the possible issues behind adolescent suicide not effected by the media.
There is a relationship between the portrayal of suicide by the media and suicide rates among adolescents. Throughout research there has been a common link between the media’s effect on adolescents and adolescent suicide rates. Some researchers consider the medias representation of suicide as a public health issue. What aspects of media effect adolescents the most? Does fictional media play a greater role on suicidal tendencies than nonfictional media? Some researchers have used social learning theory to explain the connection between the media and adolescent suicide. Katsumata, et al. (2008) state in 2008 one of the three leading causes of death for adolescents was suicide. Another research shows that15-19 year old adolescents are 2-4 times more likely, than any other age group, to commit suicide after being exposed to another person’s suicide. In the case of celebrity suicides being reported in the media, copycat suicides usually involve people who identify with the celebrity.
Many researchers believe there is no proof of correlation between the media’s presentation of suicide and adolescent suicide rates. However, after the release of Final Exit, a book that depicts suicide by asphyxiation, New York suicides from asphyxiation rose by 313%. Future research may study relationships between social networking sites and suicide rates among adolescents. Williams (2011) noted that the death of 24 young people might have been caused by the use of social networking sites.Goldney (2001) felt comfortable in stating there is an association between how the media portrays suicide and the suicides that follow. Media restrictions have been created in the United States; however according to the National Strategy for Suicide Prevention, there is no proof these changes have taken effect. Mishara (2003) stated half of the children in his research aged 5-7 reported witnessing a suicide on television. In 2004, adolescent’s time spent on the internet in Japan was 6 minutes more that that spent reading the newspaper. With the growing use of smart phones and portable digital reading devices, the time adolescents spend reading stories online will only increase. The time to take action is now.