Lectures 6 9-pericyclic_reactions_notes
•
4 likes•1,397 views
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help regulate emotions and stress levels.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Download to read offline
Recommended
pericyclic reaction
Pericyclic reactions involve the formation and breaking of bonds in a concerted cyclic transition state. They can be classified as cycloadditions, electrocyclic reactions, sigmatropic rearrangements, cheletropic reactions, or group transfers. Examples of important pericyclic reactions discussed include the Diels-Alder reaction, 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, Claisen rearrangement, and electrocyclic ring openings and closings. These reactions are useful in synthesis and occur in biological systems.
Pericyclic Reaction
The Diels-Alder reaction is a syn addition reaction that maintains the relative configurations of substituents on both the diene and dienophile in the product. If substituents on the dienophile are cis, they will be cis in the product, and if they are trans, they will remain trans. A racemic mixture results when either reagent is unsymmetrically substituted.
Pericyclic reaction ii.pp
The document discusses various pericyclic reactions including cycloaddition reactions. It describes the Alder ene reaction, Diels-Alder reaction, and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. These reactions involve the concerted formation of new sigma bonds from pi bonds in a single step without intermediates. The document also discusses factors that influence the regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of these reactions such as orbital interactions and substituents.
File1 pericyclic reactions-1 for Under graduate
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
File1 cycloaddition reactions for Under Graduate Chemistry Course
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Dr.wael elhelece photochemistry 431chem
431chem course Aljouf university, college of science, chemistry department.
. Fates of Excited State Molecules.
• Absorption and emission of electromagnetic radiation.
• Einstein coefficients, absorption probabilities.
• Fluorescence and phosphorescence.
• Internal conversion and intersystem crossing.
• Photodissociation and predissociation.
• Jablonski diagram.
. Lasers.
• Requirements for laser action.
• Population inversions.
• Properties of laser radiation.
• Examples of lasers.
• Applications in spectroscopy and photochemistry.
Dr Wael A. Elhelece.
Linear free energy relationships
The document discusses the Linear Free Energy Relationship known as the Hammett Equation. It describes how the Hammett Equation can be used to investigate organic reaction mechanisms by studying the effects of substituents on reaction rates. The key aspects are:
1) The Hammett Equation relates the logarithm of reaction rates or equilibrium constants to substituent constants (σ) using the reaction constant (ρ).
2) σ values describe electronic properties of substituents, with electron-withdrawing groups having positive σ and electron-donating groups having negative σ.
3) ρ indicates how sensitive a reaction is to substituents, relating the electronic demand of the reaction transition state. Its sign and magnitude provide insight into
Diels alder reaction.power point
The Diels-Alder reaction is a [4+2] cycloaddition between a conjugated diene and a substituted alkene (dienophile) to form a cyclohexene ring. It was discovered in 1928 by Otto Diels and Kurt Alder. The reaction proceeds in a single, concerted step through a transition state and can be accelerated by heating or using catalysts. It is useful for synthesizing 6-membered rings in a stereoselective and stereospecific manner. Lewis acids are commonly used to catalyze the reaction by activating the dienophile. Chiral dienes and dienophiles, as well as chiral Lewis acids, allow for asymmetric Diels-A
Recommended
pericyclic reaction
Pericyclic reactions involve the formation and breaking of bonds in a concerted cyclic transition state. They can be classified as cycloadditions, electrocyclic reactions, sigmatropic rearrangements, cheletropic reactions, or group transfers. Examples of important pericyclic reactions discussed include the Diels-Alder reaction, 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, Claisen rearrangement, and electrocyclic ring openings and closings. These reactions are useful in synthesis and occur in biological systems.
Pericyclic Reaction
The Diels-Alder reaction is a syn addition reaction that maintains the relative configurations of substituents on both the diene and dienophile in the product. If substituents on the dienophile are cis, they will be cis in the product, and if they are trans, they will remain trans. A racemic mixture results when either reagent is unsymmetrically substituted.
Pericyclic reaction ii.pp
The document discusses various pericyclic reactions including cycloaddition reactions. It describes the Alder ene reaction, Diels-Alder reaction, and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. These reactions involve the concerted formation of new sigma bonds from pi bonds in a single step without intermediates. The document also discusses factors that influence the regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of these reactions such as orbital interactions and substituents.
File1 pericyclic reactions-1 for Under graduate
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
File1 cycloaddition reactions for Under Graduate Chemistry Course
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Dr.wael elhelece photochemistry 431chem
431chem course Aljouf university, college of science, chemistry department.
. Fates of Excited State Molecules.
• Absorption and emission of electromagnetic radiation.
• Einstein coefficients, absorption probabilities.
• Fluorescence and phosphorescence.
• Internal conversion and intersystem crossing.
• Photodissociation and predissociation.
• Jablonski diagram.
. Lasers.
• Requirements for laser action.
• Population inversions.
• Properties of laser radiation.
• Examples of lasers.
• Applications in spectroscopy and photochemistry.
Dr Wael A. Elhelece.
Linear free energy relationships
The document discusses the Linear Free Energy Relationship known as the Hammett Equation. It describes how the Hammett Equation can be used to investigate organic reaction mechanisms by studying the effects of substituents on reaction rates. The key aspects are:
1) The Hammett Equation relates the logarithm of reaction rates or equilibrium constants to substituent constants (σ) using the reaction constant (ρ).
2) σ values describe electronic properties of substituents, with electron-withdrawing groups having positive σ and electron-donating groups having negative σ.
3) ρ indicates how sensitive a reaction is to substituents, relating the electronic demand of the reaction transition state. Its sign and magnitude provide insight into
Diels alder reaction.power point
The Diels-Alder reaction is a [4+2] cycloaddition between a conjugated diene and a substituted alkene (dienophile) to form a cyclohexene ring. It was discovered in 1928 by Otto Diels and Kurt Alder. The reaction proceeds in a single, concerted step through a transition state and can be accelerated by heating or using catalysts. It is useful for synthesizing 6-membered rings in a stereoselective and stereospecific manner. Lewis acids are commonly used to catalyze the reaction by activating the dienophile. Chiral dienes and dienophiles, as well as chiral Lewis acids, allow for asymmetric Diels-A
Organic reactions and mechanisms
The document discusses organic reactions and reaction mechanisms. It defines nucleophiles and electrophiles, and provides examples of each. It then summarizes several common types of organic reactions including addition reactions, substitution reactions, elimination reactions, and aromatic substitutions. The mechanisms and examples of nucleophilic addition, electrophilic addition, nucleophilic substitution, and electrophilic aromatic substitutions like nitration, sulfonation, and halogenation are described in detail.
Nef reaction and its applications in chemistry
The document discusses the Nef reaction, which involves the acid hydrolysis of a primary or secondary nitroalkane salt to yield a carbonyl compound. It was discovered in 1894 by John Ulric Nef. The document outlines the reaction mechanism and discusses modified Nef reactions using oxidizing or reducing agents. Applications of the Nef reaction mentioned include the synthesis of α-amino acids, an insecticidal pyrethroid component, and β-lactum building blocks. In conclusion, the Nef reaction continues to be useful for converting nitrocompounds to carbonyl compounds and has applications in synthesizing biologically active molecules.
24a synthesis
The document discusses the Diels-Alder reaction, which is a cycloaddition reaction between a conjugated diene and a dienophile to form a six-membered ring. It can be used to form bicyclic systems and the reaction is facilitated by electron-withdrawing groups on the dienophile and electron-donating groups on the diene. The reaction proceeds through a concerted pericyclic mechanism involving a cyclic transition state. Chemists can achieve the synthesis of single enantiomers through resolution of a racemic mixture, using a chiral auxiliary to induce asymmetry, or starting with an enantiomerically pure building block.
Industrial organic chem 2 , ನಿರವಯವ ರಾಸಯನಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ
The document summarizes the four main steps to produce common sugar from sugar beet or sugarcane: 1) Extraction of the juice by crushing the beet or cane, 2) Purification of the juice by making it alkaline and allowing impurities to settle out, 3) Concentration and crystallization of the juice by evaporation into a syrup, and 4) Separation and drying of the sugar crystals from the syrup. The byproduct bagasse can be used as fuel or to make cardboard.
Myoglobin1
Myoglobin is a protein that binds oxygen and contains a heme group and protoporphyrin IX. The heme group coordinates with the protein through bonds and forms pockets on the protein surface where other molecules can bind. Visualizations of myoglobin show its secondary structure as a ribbon including side chains of hydrophobic residues, and a space-filling model depicting all amino acid side chains and how steric effects impact ligand binding to the heme group.
Diels alder reaction
The document discusses the Diels-Alder reaction, which is a [4+2] cycloaddition reaction between a conjugated diene and a dienophile to form a six-membered ring. The reaction is initiated by heat and proceeds through a concerted mechanism. The reaction is stereospecific and favors the endo product. It has many applications including the synthesis of steroids, aromatic compounds, flame retardants, and pesticides.
Diels alder reaction
This document discusses the Diels-Alder reaction, which involves a conjugated diene reacting with a dienophile to form a substituted cyclohexene system. It notes that the Diels-Alder reaction is useful for forming 6-membered rings with control over regio- and stereochemistry. The reaction can be reversible under certain conditions. Stereochemical information is retained in the products, with E- and Z-dienophiles giving syn or anti stereochemistry in the adducts. Retrosynthetic analysis can utilize the Diels-Alder reaction.
Sigmatropic reaction
The document defines and provides examples of various sigmatropic reactions, including:
1. The Claisen rearrangement, which involves the [3,3] rearrangement of an allyl vinyl ether.
2. The Cope rearrangement, which involves the [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of 1,5-dienes.
3. The Oxy-Cope rearrangement, which has a hydroxyl substituent and proceeds faster when deprotonated.
4. Other reactions discussed include the Fischer indole synthesis, aromatic Claisen rearrangement, [2,3]-Wittig rearrangement, Carroll rearrangement, and walk rearrangements. Mechanisms
Oxygen Binding by Myoglobin and Hemoglobin
Oxygen binding proteins myoglobin and hemoglobin transport and store oxygen in the body. Myoglobin is a monomer that binds one oxygen molecule to carry oxygen to mitochondria in cells. Hemoglobin is a tetramer made of two alpha and two beta chains that binds four oxygen molecules cooperatively to carry oxygen from lungs to tissues. The heme group contains iron that binds oxygen. Hemoglobin exhibits positive cooperativity where binding of oxygen to one subunit increases the affinity of the other subunits. The Monod-Wyman-Changeux and Koshland models describe the transition between tense and relaxed hemoglobin states during cooperativity. 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate binds preferentially to deoxygenated hemoglobin and shifts
Protecting groups and deprotection- -OH, -COOH, C=O, -NH2 groups.
This document discusses various protecting groups used in organic synthesis. It begins by defining a protecting group as a molecular framework that is introduced onto a functional group to block its reactivity under reaction conditions needed for modifications elsewhere in the molecule. The document then summarizes several common protecting groups for hydroxyl, amine, and carboxylic acid functional groups including methyl, benzyl, and silyl ethers for alcohols as well as Boc, Fmoc, Cbz, and other carbamates for amines. It provides details on the formation and cleavage of each protecting group.
Neighbouring group participation, organic chemistry, M.SC.2
This document summarizes a student's report on neighbouring group participation in organic chemistry. It defines neighbouring group participation as the interaction of a reaction center with electrons in an adjacent atom, sigma bond, or pi bond. The document notes that NGP reactions proceed through an SN2 mechanism, involving attack of an internal nucleophile in the first step followed by substitution of an external nucleophile in the second step. This can lead to unexpected retention of configuration and a first-order reaction. Examples of NGP involving pi bonds and aromatic rings are also mentioned.
Photochemistry
This document provides a historical overview of important milestones in photochemistry, physics, and biology related to the discovery and understanding of light and its interactions with matter. It begins with the biblical creation story and progresses through early experiments and theories in the 18th-19th centuries to modern developments like lasers, fluorescence tagging, and femtosecond spectroscopy. It also profiles Giacomo Luigi Ciamician, known as the "Father of Modern Molecular Photochemistry", and discusses fundamental photochemistry concepts and instrumentation.
Protecting Groups (Examples)
The document discusses retrosynthetic analysis and protecting groups in organic synthesis. It provides 4 examples of retrosynthetic analysis where the forward synthesis is deduced by working backwards from the target molecule. The examples show how protecting carbonyl and hydroxyl groups is necessary to allow for certain reactions like Grignard and Friedel-Crafts reactions to produce the target molecule.
Molecular Rearrangements of Organic Reactions pps
This PPT is usefull for aspirants of JEE-IIT, CSIR-NET and UPSC exams in CHEMISTRY section. It is also usefull for grduates and Post graduates students of Indian Universities.
Photochemistry
Organic photochemistry involves chemical changes caused by light in the visible or ultraviolet range. Absorption of a photon excites a molecule to an electronically excited state, which may have different properties than the ground state. This excited state is more reactive and can lead to product formation through subsequent reaction steps. The quantum yield measures the efficiency of light absorption causing a specified change, defined as the number of product molecules formed per absorbed photon.
Structure and function of hemoglobin
Hemoglubin is are carrier protein for oxygen and CO2. it a pigmented and globular protein present within the red blood cell, its structure, synthesis, and how it function in the transportation of oxygen and CO2 are given in this presentation
Structure And Function Of Haemoglobin
The document summarizes the structure and function of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues back to the lungs. It is composed of heme and globin proteins. Heme contains iron and is produced in mitochondria, while globin chains are produced by ribosomes and combine with heme to form hemoglobin. The main types of hemoglobin in humans are fetal hemoglobin during development and adult hemoglobin after birth. Hemoglobin transports oxygen via an oxygen-binding reaction that allows it to efficiently deliver oxygen to tissues and receive carbon dioxide.
Protecting Groups
The document discusses protecting groups in organic synthesis. It defines protecting groups and lists criteria for effective protecting groups. It then discusses specific protecting groups for alcohols, including acetals like THP and MEM groups, alkyl ethers like benzyl and t-butyl ethers, and silyl ethers like trimethylsilyl ether. More bulky silyl protecting groups like TIPS, TBDMS, and TBDPS are also introduced to overcome issues with nucleophilic attack on trimethylsilyl ethers.
rearrangement reaction
The document discusses several rearrangement reactions including the pinacol rearrangement, Beckmann rearrangement, Heck reaction, ozonolysis, and Grignard reaction. The pinacol rearrangement involves the acid-catalyzed rearrangement of vicinal diols to ketones or aldehydes. The Beckmann rearrangement converts ketoximes to N-substituted amides. The Heck reaction is a palladium-catalyzed coupling of aryl or alkenyl halides with alkenes. Ozonolysis uses ozone to cleave alkenes and alkynes, replacing the multiple bond with a carbonyl. Grignard reagents are important in organic synthesis.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
More Related Content
Viewers also liked
Organic reactions and mechanisms
The document discusses organic reactions and reaction mechanisms. It defines nucleophiles and electrophiles, and provides examples of each. It then summarizes several common types of organic reactions including addition reactions, substitution reactions, elimination reactions, and aromatic substitutions. The mechanisms and examples of nucleophilic addition, electrophilic addition, nucleophilic substitution, and electrophilic aromatic substitutions like nitration, sulfonation, and halogenation are described in detail.
Nef reaction and its applications in chemistry
The document discusses the Nef reaction, which involves the acid hydrolysis of a primary or secondary nitroalkane salt to yield a carbonyl compound. It was discovered in 1894 by John Ulric Nef. The document outlines the reaction mechanism and discusses modified Nef reactions using oxidizing or reducing agents. Applications of the Nef reaction mentioned include the synthesis of α-amino acids, an insecticidal pyrethroid component, and β-lactum building blocks. In conclusion, the Nef reaction continues to be useful for converting nitrocompounds to carbonyl compounds and has applications in synthesizing biologically active molecules.
24a synthesis
The document discusses the Diels-Alder reaction, which is a cycloaddition reaction between a conjugated diene and a dienophile to form a six-membered ring. It can be used to form bicyclic systems and the reaction is facilitated by electron-withdrawing groups on the dienophile and electron-donating groups on the diene. The reaction proceeds through a concerted pericyclic mechanism involving a cyclic transition state. Chemists can achieve the synthesis of single enantiomers through resolution of a racemic mixture, using a chiral auxiliary to induce asymmetry, or starting with an enantiomerically pure building block.
Industrial organic chem 2 , ನಿರವಯವ ರಾಸಯನಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ
The document summarizes the four main steps to produce common sugar from sugar beet or sugarcane: 1) Extraction of the juice by crushing the beet or cane, 2) Purification of the juice by making it alkaline and allowing impurities to settle out, 3) Concentration and crystallization of the juice by evaporation into a syrup, and 4) Separation and drying of the sugar crystals from the syrup. The byproduct bagasse can be used as fuel or to make cardboard.
Myoglobin1
Myoglobin is a protein that binds oxygen and contains a heme group and protoporphyrin IX. The heme group coordinates with the protein through bonds and forms pockets on the protein surface where other molecules can bind. Visualizations of myoglobin show its secondary structure as a ribbon including side chains of hydrophobic residues, and a space-filling model depicting all amino acid side chains and how steric effects impact ligand binding to the heme group.
Diels alder reaction
The document discusses the Diels-Alder reaction, which is a [4+2] cycloaddition reaction between a conjugated diene and a dienophile to form a six-membered ring. The reaction is initiated by heat and proceeds through a concerted mechanism. The reaction is stereospecific and favors the endo product. It has many applications including the synthesis of steroids, aromatic compounds, flame retardants, and pesticides.
Diels alder reaction
This document discusses the Diels-Alder reaction, which involves a conjugated diene reacting with a dienophile to form a substituted cyclohexene system. It notes that the Diels-Alder reaction is useful for forming 6-membered rings with control over regio- and stereochemistry. The reaction can be reversible under certain conditions. Stereochemical information is retained in the products, with E- and Z-dienophiles giving syn or anti stereochemistry in the adducts. Retrosynthetic analysis can utilize the Diels-Alder reaction.
Sigmatropic reaction
The document defines and provides examples of various sigmatropic reactions, including:
1. The Claisen rearrangement, which involves the [3,3] rearrangement of an allyl vinyl ether.
2. The Cope rearrangement, which involves the [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of 1,5-dienes.
3. The Oxy-Cope rearrangement, which has a hydroxyl substituent and proceeds faster when deprotonated.
4. Other reactions discussed include the Fischer indole synthesis, aromatic Claisen rearrangement, [2,3]-Wittig rearrangement, Carroll rearrangement, and walk rearrangements. Mechanisms
Oxygen Binding by Myoglobin and Hemoglobin
Oxygen binding proteins myoglobin and hemoglobin transport and store oxygen in the body. Myoglobin is a monomer that binds one oxygen molecule to carry oxygen to mitochondria in cells. Hemoglobin is a tetramer made of two alpha and two beta chains that binds four oxygen molecules cooperatively to carry oxygen from lungs to tissues. The heme group contains iron that binds oxygen. Hemoglobin exhibits positive cooperativity where binding of oxygen to one subunit increases the affinity of the other subunits. The Monod-Wyman-Changeux and Koshland models describe the transition between tense and relaxed hemoglobin states during cooperativity. 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate binds preferentially to deoxygenated hemoglobin and shifts
Protecting groups and deprotection- -OH, -COOH, C=O, -NH2 groups.
This document discusses various protecting groups used in organic synthesis. It begins by defining a protecting group as a molecular framework that is introduced onto a functional group to block its reactivity under reaction conditions needed for modifications elsewhere in the molecule. The document then summarizes several common protecting groups for hydroxyl, amine, and carboxylic acid functional groups including methyl, benzyl, and silyl ethers for alcohols as well as Boc, Fmoc, Cbz, and other carbamates for amines. It provides details on the formation and cleavage of each protecting group.
Neighbouring group participation, organic chemistry, M.SC.2
This document summarizes a student's report on neighbouring group participation in organic chemistry. It defines neighbouring group participation as the interaction of a reaction center with electrons in an adjacent atom, sigma bond, or pi bond. The document notes that NGP reactions proceed through an SN2 mechanism, involving attack of an internal nucleophile in the first step followed by substitution of an external nucleophile in the second step. This can lead to unexpected retention of configuration and a first-order reaction. Examples of NGP involving pi bonds and aromatic rings are also mentioned.
Photochemistry
This document provides a historical overview of important milestones in photochemistry, physics, and biology related to the discovery and understanding of light and its interactions with matter. It begins with the biblical creation story and progresses through early experiments and theories in the 18th-19th centuries to modern developments like lasers, fluorescence tagging, and femtosecond spectroscopy. It also profiles Giacomo Luigi Ciamician, known as the "Father of Modern Molecular Photochemistry", and discusses fundamental photochemistry concepts and instrumentation.
Protecting Groups (Examples)
The document discusses retrosynthetic analysis and protecting groups in organic synthesis. It provides 4 examples of retrosynthetic analysis where the forward synthesis is deduced by working backwards from the target molecule. The examples show how protecting carbonyl and hydroxyl groups is necessary to allow for certain reactions like Grignard and Friedel-Crafts reactions to produce the target molecule.
Molecular Rearrangements of Organic Reactions pps
This PPT is usefull for aspirants of JEE-IIT, CSIR-NET and UPSC exams in CHEMISTRY section. It is also usefull for grduates and Post graduates students of Indian Universities.
Photochemistry
Organic photochemistry involves chemical changes caused by light in the visible or ultraviolet range. Absorption of a photon excites a molecule to an electronically excited state, which may have different properties than the ground state. This excited state is more reactive and can lead to product formation through subsequent reaction steps. The quantum yield measures the efficiency of light absorption causing a specified change, defined as the number of product molecules formed per absorbed photon.
Structure and function of hemoglobin
Hemoglubin is are carrier protein for oxygen and CO2. it a pigmented and globular protein present within the red blood cell, its structure, synthesis, and how it function in the transportation of oxygen and CO2 are given in this presentation
Structure And Function Of Haemoglobin
The document summarizes the structure and function of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues back to the lungs. It is composed of heme and globin proteins. Heme contains iron and is produced in mitochondria, while globin chains are produced by ribosomes and combine with heme to form hemoglobin. The main types of hemoglobin in humans are fetal hemoglobin during development and adult hemoglobin after birth. Hemoglobin transports oxygen via an oxygen-binding reaction that allows it to efficiently deliver oxygen to tissues and receive carbon dioxide.
Protecting Groups
The document discusses protecting groups in organic synthesis. It defines protecting groups and lists criteria for effective protecting groups. It then discusses specific protecting groups for alcohols, including acetals like THP and MEM groups, alkyl ethers like benzyl and t-butyl ethers, and silyl ethers like trimethylsilyl ether. More bulky silyl protecting groups like TIPS, TBDMS, and TBDPS are also introduced to overcome issues with nucleophilic attack on trimethylsilyl ethers.
rearrangement reaction
The document discusses several rearrangement reactions including the pinacol rearrangement, Beckmann rearrangement, Heck reaction, ozonolysis, and Grignard reaction. The pinacol rearrangement involves the acid-catalyzed rearrangement of vicinal diols to ketones or aldehydes. The Beckmann rearrangement converts ketoximes to N-substituted amides. The Heck reaction is a palladium-catalyzed coupling of aryl or alkenyl halides with alkenes. Ozonolysis uses ozone to cleave alkenes and alkynes, replacing the multiple bond with a carbonyl. Grignard reagents are important in organic synthesis.
Viewers also liked (20)
Protecting groups and deprotection- -OH, -COOH, C=O, -NH2 groups.
Protecting groups and deprotection- -OH, -COOH, C=O, -NH2 groups.
Neighbouring group participation, organic chemistry, M.SC.2
Neighbouring group participation, organic chemistry, M.SC.2
Recently uploaded
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
哪里办理(csu毕业证书)查尔斯特大学毕业证硕士学历原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(csu毕业证书)查尔斯特大学毕业证硕士学历】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
RAT: Retrieval Augmented Thoughts Elicit Context-Aware Reasoning in Long-Hori...
RAT: Retrieval Augmented Thoughts Elicit Context-Aware Reasoning in Long-Horizon Generation
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap - Towards more sustainable steelmaking.pdf
Iron and Steel Technology towards Sustainable Steelmaking
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
rock mass characterization and New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes
DfMAy 2024 - key insights and contributions
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, SerbiaRecently uploaded (20)
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
Manufacturing Process of molasses based distillery ppt.pptx
Manufacturing Process of molasses based distillery ppt.pptx
BPV-GUI-01-Guide-for-ASME-Review-Teams-(General)-10-10-2023.pdf
BPV-GUI-01-Guide-for-ASME-Review-Teams-(General)-10-10-2023.pdf
RAT: Retrieval Augmented Thoughts Elicit Context-Aware Reasoning in Long-Hori...
RAT: Retrieval Augmented Thoughts Elicit Context-Aware Reasoning in Long-Hori...
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap - Towards more sustainable steelmaking.pdf
Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap - Towards more sustainable steelmaking.pdf
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
ML Based Model for NIDS MSc Updated Presentation.v2.pptx
ML Based Model for NIDS MSc Updated Presentation.v2.pptx
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...