Nutrients are the substances found in food which drive biological activity and are essential for the human body. They are categorized as proteins, fats, carbohydrates (sugars, dietary fiber), vitamins, and minerals, and perform the following vital functions.
The nutritional status of an individual is often the result of many inter-related factors. It is influenced by food intake, quantity & quality, & physical health. The spectrum of nutritional status spread from obesity to severe malnutrition
Food PoisoningNutritional Problems In Pakistan: Their Control And PreventionDrSindhuAlmas
According to WHO, foodborne diseases are mounting up at an alarming rate, causing significant impediment to socio-economic development of a country. Food based outbreak causes mortality of 2.2 million that contributes 4% of all deaths each year worldwide.
National Food & Nutrition Policy: Balancing the Role of Research, Nutrition S...Corn Refiners Association
At Experimental Biology 2015, the Sponsored Satellite Program "National Food & Nutrition Policy: Balancing the Role of Research, Nutrition Science and Public Health" held in conjunction with the American Society for Nutrition's Scientific Session took place on April 1, 2015.
To watch the Dr. Lichtenstein video on slide 68 "Do Scripted Diets Work for Policy? What about Low-fat Diets?", please download the presentation first.
The nutritional status of an individual is often the result of many inter-related factors. It is influenced by food intake, quantity & quality, & physical health. The spectrum of nutritional status spread from obesity to severe malnutrition
Food PoisoningNutritional Problems In Pakistan: Their Control And PreventionDrSindhuAlmas
According to WHO, foodborne diseases are mounting up at an alarming rate, causing significant impediment to socio-economic development of a country. Food based outbreak causes mortality of 2.2 million that contributes 4% of all deaths each year worldwide.
National Food & Nutrition Policy: Balancing the Role of Research, Nutrition S...Corn Refiners Association
At Experimental Biology 2015, the Sponsored Satellite Program "National Food & Nutrition Policy: Balancing the Role of Research, Nutrition Science and Public Health" held in conjunction with the American Society for Nutrition's Scientific Session took place on April 1, 2015.
To watch the Dr. Lichtenstein video on slide 68 "Do Scripted Diets Work for Policy? What about Low-fat Diets?", please download the presentation first.
Presentation made at a two-day workshop "Stepping up to India’s Nutrition Challenge: The Critical Role of Policy Makers" for district administrators from India’s Aspirational Districts, on 6-7 Aug 2018, at Mussoorie.
keiatan penyegaran dan pemeberdayaan kader untuk aktifkan posyandu dalam rangkampencegahan stunting sejak dini. kader duharapkan aham dan mengerti serta mengimplmentasikan di masyarakat untuk mensosialisasikan kegiatan rutin pusyandu
58% of the households are food insecure.
18% of Women aged 15-49 years are under weight.
31% of children are underweight.
Nutrition status of <5 years children has shown no improvement from last 46 years
Anemia has worsened among both pregnant and non-pregnant women and pregnant women in urban areas are having more iron deficiency anemia.
Pakistan may be witnessing the double burden of under nutrition and obesity within rural and urban women of reproductive age.
RESEARCH
Nutrition is the study of nutrients in food, how the body uses them, and the relationship between diet, health, and disease.
Nutritionists use ideas from molecular biology, biochemistry, and genetics to understand how nutrients affect the human body.
Presentation made at a two-day workshop "Stepping up to India’s Nutrition Challenge: The Critical Role of Policy Makers" for district administrators from India’s Aspirational Districts, on 6-7 Aug 2018, at Mussoorie.
keiatan penyegaran dan pemeberdayaan kader untuk aktifkan posyandu dalam rangkampencegahan stunting sejak dini. kader duharapkan aham dan mengerti serta mengimplmentasikan di masyarakat untuk mensosialisasikan kegiatan rutin pusyandu
58% of the households are food insecure.
18% of Women aged 15-49 years are under weight.
31% of children are underweight.
Nutrition status of <5 years children has shown no improvement from last 46 years
Anemia has worsened among both pregnant and non-pregnant women and pregnant women in urban areas are having more iron deficiency anemia.
Pakistan may be witnessing the double burden of under nutrition and obesity within rural and urban women of reproductive age.
RESEARCH
Nutrition is the study of nutrients in food, how the body uses them, and the relationship between diet, health, and disease.
Nutritionists use ideas from molecular biology, biochemistry, and genetics to understand how nutrients affect the human body.
Since food is both important for physical and mental well being, the importance of food in life is huge. Proper nutrition means that you get all the essential nutrients required for healthy functioning of the body through your diet. ... These nutrients include vitamins and minerals, fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
Nutrition plays a crucial role in maintaining optimal health and preventing various diseases. The relationship between nutrition and health is intricate, with dietary choices significantly influencing overall well-being. Here's a comprehensive description of nutrition in health and disease:
Nutrition in Health:
Essential Nutrients: A balanced diet provides essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. These nutrients are vital for the proper functioning of the body, supporting growth, development, and overall maintenance of health.
Energy Balance: Nutrition contributes to maintaining an appropriate energy balance. The intake of calories should match the body's energy expenditure, preventing issues like obesity or malnutrition.
Disease Prevention: A nutritious diet can help prevent various chronic diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. Antioxidants from fruits and vegetables, for instance, play a role in protecting cells from damage.
Immune System Support: Adequate nutrition supports a robust immune system, helping the body defend itself against infections and illnesses. Nutrients like vitamins A, C, and D, as well as zinc and selenium, are essential for immune function.
Healthy Aging: Proper nutrition contributes to healthy aging by maintaining muscle mass, bone density, and cognitive function. Nutrient-rich foods are especially important as individuals age to support overall well-being.
Nutrition in Disease:
Malnutrition: Inadequate or imbalanced nutrition can lead to malnutrition, which encompasses both undernutrition and overnutrition. Undernutrition can result in stunted growth, weakened immune function, and other health complications, while overnutrition can contribute to obesity and related diseases.
Chronic Diseases: Poor dietary choices are linked to the development of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancers. Diets high in saturated fats, sugars, and salt can contribute to these health issues.
Nutritional Deficiencies: Insufficient intake of specific nutrients can lead to deficiencies, causing a range of health problems. For example, vitamin deficiencies may result in conditions like scurvy (vitamin C deficiency) or rickets (vitamin D deficiency).
Inflammation: Certain dietary patterns, such as those high in processed foods and low in anti-inflammatory nutrients, may contribute to chronic inflammation, a factor implicated in various diseases, including arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases.
Digestive Health: Nutrition plays a pivotal role in maintaining digestive health. Poor dietary choices can lead to gastrointestinal issues, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
In summary, nutrition is a cornerstone of health and disease prevention. Making informed and balanced dietary choices is crucial for maintaining overall well-being and reducing the risk of various health
Under-nutrition is one of the modifiable threats to global health and child survival especially in poor and underdeveloped settings .Over the past 20 years there has been little change in the prevalence of malnutrition in the population despite more food availability and an overall increase in caloric intake per capita. The purchasing power of people is decreasing day by day. In Pakistan, large family size forced to expense 46 percent of the family income on food while food expenditures in India are 35 percent.
According to Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) 2012–13, 56% of married women of reproductive age intended to use family planning services but only 35% of them were actually using these services.
19.1% percent of adults (age 15+) currently use tobacco in any form (men 31.8%; women 5.8%).1
12.4% of adults smoke tobacco
7.7% use smokeless tobacco
3% use waterpipes (hookah or shisha)
Unexpected, unplanned occurrence of an event which may involve injury.
• In 1956 WHO advisory group defined accidents as – Unpremeditated event resulting in recognizable damage.
• Occurrence in a sequence of events which usually produce unintended injury, death or property damage.
Unsafe Injections, Hazards and its Prevention.pptxDrSindhuAlmas
To Understand injection safety.
Describe hazards of Unsafe injections and its prevention.
To understand the role of health education in prevention of blood born disease.
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
1. INTRODUCTION
2. CONCEPT OF SAFE INJECTION
3. ISSUES IN MISUSE AND OVERUSE OF IINJECTION
4. MAGNITUDE OF THE PROBLEM OF UNSAFE INJ
5. PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE
6. WAY FORWARD
7. MANAGEMENT OF NEEDLE STICK INJURY
8. CONCLUSION
Sampling Variability And The Precision Of A Sample by Dr Sindhu Almas copy.pptxDrSindhuAlmas
What use is all this stuff about variability?
Sampling – the big idea
Sampling In Practice
Sampling – the big idea
Need For Sampling
Disadvantages Of Sampling
Types Of Sampling
Factors Affecting Sample Size
Sampling Distribution
Calculating A Confidence Interval Using Software
Spectrum of health & Iceberg Phenomenon of disease.pptxDrSindhuAlmas
1- Understand the spectrum of health in relation to health and sickness
2- Define; health, disease, illness and wellbeing
3- Define and understand the determinants’ of health; biological, behavioural, socio and cultural, environmental, socioeconomic, health services, and ageing and gender
4- Understand the concepts of “right to health “ and “health for all”
5- Ice-berg phenonmenon of disease
Health Delivery System of Pakistan.pptxDrSindhuAlmas
1. To understand determinants of health with special focus on social determinants of health(SDH).
2. To define responsibility for Health.
3. To learn about health delivery system of Pakistan.
Principles and theories in curriculum developmentDrSindhuAlmas
What Is Curriculum
A Curriculum Will Answer
Difference Between Syllabus & Curriculum
Aims And Objectives
Curriculum Framework
Common Elements Of A Curriculum Framework
The Role Of Curriculum
What Is Curriculum
Characteristics Of Coherent Curriculum
6-step Approach To Curriculum Development
Problem Identification & General Needs Assessment
Components Of Curriculum Document
5 Perspective of Curriculum
At the end of lecture students will be able to understandable:
Semantic Differential Scale
Summated Rating Scale
Anecdotal Record
Attitude Scales Measurements
Direction Degree Intensity
Critical Incident Technique
It is a chart that contains information about:
the topics of your specialty
the level you want each topic to be taught , i.e. whether you want a particular topic to be assessed at C1, C2 or C3
the total of these topics along with this total expressed in percentage. (Note: the level at which you assess should be similar to the level at which something is taught).
Food additives; its health hazardsFood AdulterationDrSindhuAlmas
Food additives; its health hazards
What is Food Adulteration, who does it n why
When is food said to be adulterated ?
Types of adulteration
Common food adulteration
Legislation regarding control of food adulteration
Assessment Methods For Nutritional StatusDrSindhuAlmas
By the end of this lecture the you should be able:
To know the different methods for assessing the nutritional status To understand the basic anthropometric techniques, applications, & reference standards
Food Processing And Preservation: Methods And LegislationDrSindhuAlmas
Understanding that What is food processing, preservation and its method
Understanding that What is canning, refrigeration and other methods for food preservation
Duties of food inspector
Legislation and food laws covered in previous lecture in detail.
Human nutrition and it’s public health importanceDrSindhuAlmas
Understanding of Nutrition and Malnutrition
Types of Malnutrition
Causes of Malnutrition
Global Burden of Malnutrition
Challenges faced to cope malnutrition
Policies and Strategies to Improve Nutrition
Interventions for Improving Nutrition Status
Improve quality and increase access to family planning and maternal health care services
Educate couples to ensure they have the best chance for a wanted and safe pregnancy
Safe motherhood is one of the important components of Reproductive Health. It means ensuring that all women receive the care they need, to be safe and healthy throughout pregnancy and childbirth. It is the ability of a mother to have safe & healthy pregnancy & child birth.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
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Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
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Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Pharynx and Clinical Correlations BY Dr.Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
lecture 3-15092022-Nutrition.pptx
1.
2. FOODS: THEIR
PRINCIPAL
FUNCTIONS AND
ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS
IN THEM.
ROLE OF DIETARY
FIBER IN HEALTH AND
DISEASE.
MICRO AND MACRO
NUTRIENTS.
DR SINDHU ALMAS
MBBS, MPH , (MHPE),
(PHD)
DEPARTMENT OF
COMMUNITY
MEDICINE & PUBLIC
HEALTH SCIENCES
LUMHS
3. SETTING RULES
• NO CROSS TALKS
• CELL PHONE ON SILENT
• HAND RAISE IF ANY QUESTION
4. FOODS:
THEIR
PRINCIPAL
FUNCTION
S AND
ESSENTIAL
NUTRIENT
S IN THEM.
• OUR BODIES ARE BUILT OF AND POWERED BY SOLELY
WHAT WE EAT AND DRINK. FOOD IS THE SOURCE OF
ALL THE ENERGY NEEDED
• WHY DO HUMANS HAVE TO EAT? IS IT JUST BECAUSE
WE GET HUNGRY? THAT IS NOT ALL. PEOPLE GET
ENERGY FROM FOOD. WE NEED ENERGY ALL THE TIME,
WHEN WE RUN, JUMP, SING, AND EVEN WHEN WE SLEEP.
WE CREATE ALL THE ENERGY WE NEED BY EATING.
• THE STRUCTURES COMPONENTS THAT MAKE UP THE
HUMAN BODY, SUCH AS MUSCLES, ORGANS, AND
BONES, ARE ALSO COMPOSED OF THE NUTRIENTS
CONTAINED IN FOOD, MEANING THAT IT IS.
• THUS, EATING AND TAKING IN THE NUTRIENTS THAT
PROVIDE ENERGY AND BECOME THE COMPONENTS OF
OUR BODILY STRUCTURES IS ESSENTIAL TO FOR
SUSTAINING HUMAN LIFE.
4
5. THE
ROLES OF
THE FIVE
MAJOR
NUTRIENT
S
• NUTRIENTS ARE THE SUBSTANCES FOUND IN FOOD
WHICH DRIVE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AND ARE
ESSENTIAL FOR THE HUMAN BODY. THEY ARE
CATEGORIZED AS PROTEINS, FATS,
CARBOHYDRATES (SUGARS, DIETARY FIBER),
VITAMINS, AND MINERALS, AND PERFORM THE
FOLLOWING VITAL FUNCTIONS.
• 1BUILDING ALL PARTS OF THE BODY SUCH AS
MUSCLE, BONE, TEETH, AND BLOOD
• PRODUCING ENERGY (POWER AND HEAT)
• KEEPING THE BODY IN GOOD WORKING ORDER
5
6. 6
Assignment: NAME 20 AMINO ACIDS, ESSENTIAL AND NON-ESSENTIAL
SEPERATELY.
• PROTEIN IS THE MAIN CONSTITUENT
OF THE BODY, MAKING UP THE
MUSCLES, INTERNAL ORGANS, SKIN,
AND BLOOD, ETC. IF COMPARED TO A
CAR, IT WOULD BE THE MATERIAL
FROM WHICH THE BODY AND ENGINE
ARE MADE. JUST LIKE A CAR CANNOT
BE DRIVEN FAST WITHOUT A SOLID
FRAME, WITHOUT PROTEIN THE
HUMAN BODY CANNOT BE KEPT IN A
HEALTHY STATE. THERE ARE 20 KINDS
OF AMINO ACIDS THAT MAKE UP
PROTEINS, 9 OF WHICH ARE NOT
SYNTHESIZED IN THE BODY, AND ARE
THEREFORE CALLED ESSENTIAL AMINO
ACIDS. THESE ESSENTIAL AMINO
ACIDS MUST BE SUPPLEMENTED FROM
MEALS.
PROTEINS: THE
BUILDING BLOCKS OF
THE BODY
7. FATS/CARBOHYDRATES (SUGARS): THE BODY'S ENERGY (POWER AND HEAT)
SOURCE
• ALTHOUGH CONSUMING TOO MUCH FAT CAN
LEAD TO OBESITY, SMALL AMOUNTS CAN
PROVIDE A HIGHLY EFFICIENT ENERGY SOURCE
(9KCAL PER GRAM).
• CARBOHYDRATES CAN BE BROKEN DOWN
FURTHER INTO THE TWO CATEGORIES OF
SUGARS AND DIETARY FIBER. SUGARS ARE THE
CARBOHYDRATES WHICH CAN BE USED AS AN
ENERGY SOURCE TO MOVE THE BODY (SUCH AS
DURING EXERCISE) AND ARE STORED IN THE
LIVER AND MUSCLES AS GLYCOGEN.
7
8. CONT.
• SUGARS ARE ALSO THE MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR
THE BRAIN. DIETARY FIBER, ON THE OTHER HAND, IS
ALSO KNOWN AS THE SIXTH MAJOR NUTRIENT AND IS
THE INDIGESTIBLE PORTION OF FOOD THAT IS NOT
BROKEN DOWN BY HUMAN DIGESTIVE ENZYMES. IT HELPS
TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF GOOD BACTERIA IN THE
DIGESTIVE TRACT, MAINTAIN THE BALANCE OF BACTERIA
IN THE INTESTINES, AND AS SUCH IS VERY BENEFICIAL
FOR THE BODY.
• FATS CAN BE FOUND IN ABUNDANCE IN THE FATTY
PORTION OF MEATS AND IN COOKING OILS, AND SUGARS
CAN BE FOUND IN AMPLE QUANTITIES IN GRAINS,
POTATOES, SUGAR, AND FRUIT.
8
9. VITAMINS/MINERALS: KEEPING THE BODY IN
GOOD WORKING ORDER
• VITAMINS AND MINERALS ARE NOT USED AS ENERGY,
BUT INSTEAD AID IN BREAKING DOWN AND BUILDING UP
PROTEINS, FATS, AND SUGARS, AND ARE AN ESSENTIAL
NUTRIENT FOR KEEPING THE BODY HEALTHY AND IN
GOOD WORKING ORDER.
• “VITAMIN” IS THE GENERAL TERM FOR THE ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS (COMPOUNDS CONTAINING CARBON)
WHICH ARE MOSTLY IMPOSSIBLE FOR THE BODY TO
SYNTHESIZE, AND A LACK OF THESE VITAMINS CAN
POSSIBLY LEAD TO VARIOUS DEFICIENCY-RELATED
DISEASES. VITAMINS CAN BE BROKEN DOWN INTO TWO
CATEGORIES: WATER-SOLUBLE AND FAT-SOLUBLE.
9
10. • FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS (A, D, E, K) DISSOLVE EASILY IN FATS
AND CAN LEAD TO A VITAMIN OVERDOSE IF CONSUMED IN
LARGE AMOUNTS. WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS (B VITAMINS, C)
DISSOLVE EASILY IN WATER AND THUS CARRY VERY LITTLE RISK
OF OVERDOSE. VITAMINS CAN BE FOUND IN LARGE AMOUNTS
IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLES.
• “MINERAL,” ALSO REFERRED TO AS INORGANIC MATTER, IS A
GENERAL TERM FOR THE CHEMICAL ELEMENTS WHICH MAKE UP
THE HUMAN BODY EXCLUDING OXYGEN, CARBON, HYDROGEN,
AND NITROGEN. THERE ARE 16 DIFFERENT MINERALS WHICH
ARE NECESSARY FOR THE HUMAN BODY, INCLUDING CALCIUM,
IRON, AND SODIUM, AND THEY CAN BE FOUND IN ABUNDANCE
IN FRUIT, VEGETABLES, SEAWEED, AND MILK/DAIRY PRODUCTS.
10
12. ROLE OF
DIETARY
FIBER IN
HEALTH
AND
DISEASES
• FIBER IS THE STRUCTURAL PART OF
PLANTS AND IS FOUND IN
VEGETABLES, FRUITS, GRAINS AND
LEGUMES. MOST DIETARY FIBERS ARE
POLYSACCHARIDES, LIKE STARCH, BUT
THEY ARE NOT DIGESTIBLE. THE
HUMAN BODY LACKS THE ENZYMES
NEEDED TO DIGEST AND ABSORB
FIBER. AS A RESULT, FIBERS REACH
THE LOWER INTESTINE INTACT WHERE
INTESTINAL BACTERIA CAN FERMENT
SOME FIBER.
12
13. TYPES OF
FIBER
• THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT TYPES OF
FIBER, IN GENERAL FIBERS CAN BE
DIVIDED INTO TWO TYPES BASED ON
THEIR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES.
• SOLUBLE FIBERS
• INSOLUBLE FIBERS
13
14. SOLUBLE
FIBERS
• SOLUBLE FIBERS DISSOLVE IN WATER, FORM GELS AND
ARE EASILY DIGESTED BY BACTERIA IN THE LOWER
INTESTINE. PROVIDES A FEELING OF FULLNESS.
• SLOW DOWN THE RATE FOOD LEAVES THE STOMACH.
• MAY HAVE A ROLE WITH HEART DISEASE, DIABETES
AND COLON CANCER.
• FOUND IN LEGUMES AND FRUITS.
14
15. INSOLUBLE
FIBER
• INSOLUBLE FIBERS ABSORB WATER AND SWELL UP
RESULTING IN A LARGER SOFTER STOOL THAT IS EASIER
AND QUICKER TO PASS.
• PROVIDES A FEELING OF FULLNESS.
• HELPS WITH INTESTINAL FUNCTION THUS MAY HELP
WITH COLON CANCER.
• FOUND IN GRAINS AND VEGETABLES.
15
16. FIBER AND
HEALTH,
BOTH FIBER
TYPES ARE
IMPORTAN
T FOR
HEALTH.
• BOTH SOLUBLE AND INSOLUBLE DIETARY FIBERS ARE
IMPORTANT FOR GOOD HEALTH. DIETARY FIBERS
PROVIDE HEALTH BENEFITS FOR MANY CONDITIONS
INCLUDING CONSTIPATION, DIVERTICULAR DISEASE,
HEART DISEASE, DIABETES AND COLON CANCER.
HOWEVER, DIETARY FIBERS ARE ONLY ONE FACTOR
INVOLVED IN THESE CONDITIONS.
16
17. FIBER AND
INTESTINAL
FUNCTION
• INSOLUBLE FIBERS PROVIDE MANY HEALTH BENEFITS IN
THE DIGESTIVE TRACT. INSOLUBLE FIBERS ABSORB WATER
RESULTING IN A LARGER, SOFTER STOOL THAT IS FASTER
AND EASIER TO ELIMINATE, WHICH CAN HELP WITH
CONSTIPATION AND HEMORRHOIDS.
• DIVERTICULAR DISEASE IS WHERE THERE ARE PROTRUSIONS
OR OUT-POUCHES IN THE WALL OF THE COLON. THESE
POUCHES ARE BELIEVED TO DEVELOP FROM EXCESSIVE
PRESSURE, WHICH WEAKENS THE WALL OF THE COLON. IN
MANY CASES, THERE ARE NO OBVIOUS SYMPTOMS, BUT IN
SOME PEOPLE THE DIVERTICULA BECOME INFLAMED AND
PAINFUL. INSOLUBLE FIBERS MAY HELP PREVENT
DIVERTICULAR DISEASE BY ABSORBING WATER MAKING A
LARGER, SOFTER STOOL THAT REQUIRES LESS PRESSURE
TO MOVE THROUGH THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
17
18. FIBER AND
COLON
CANCER
• BOTH INSOLUBLE AND SOLUBLE FIBERS MAY PROTECT
AGAINST COLON CANCER INSOLUBLE FIBERS ABSORB
WATER MAKING A LARGER, SOFTER STOOL WHICH CAN:
• DILUTE POTENTIAL CARCINOGENS REDUCE TRANSIT
TIME SO THE COLON IS EXPOSED TO ANY CANCER
CAUSING SUBSTANCE FOR LESS TIME.
• SOLUBLE FIBERS CAN BIND BILE ACIDS, POTENTIAL
CARCINOGENS, AND INCREASE THEIR EXCRETION.
18
19. FIBER AND
HEART
DISEASE
• SOLUBLE FIBERS MAY HAVE A ROLE IN LOWERING
BLOOD CHOLESTEROL. AS MENTIONED, SOLUBLE FIBERS
CAN BIND TO BILE ACIDS AND INCREASE THEIR
EXCRETION. WITH FEWER BILE ACIDS IN THE INTESTINE,
LESS FAT IS ABSORBED. ALSO, BY INCREASING BILE ACID
EXCRETION, THE LIVER MUST USE ITS CHOLESTEROL TO
MAKE NEW BILE ACIDS.
19
20. DIABETES:
SOLUBLE
FIBERS MAY
HAVE A
FAVORABLE
EFFECT ON
BLOOD
GLUCOSE.
• SOLUBLE FIBERS MAY HAVE A FAVORABLE EFFECT ON
BLOOD GLUCOSE. SOLUBLE FIBERS DECREASE THE RATE
AT WHICH FOOD IS RELEASED FROM THE STOMACH
AND DELAYS GLUCOSE ABSORPTION INTO THE BLOOD.
THIS MAY HELP PREVENT WIDE SWINGS IN BLOOD
GLUCOSE.
20
21. FIBER AND
WEIGHT
MANAGEME
NT
• FOODS RICH IN COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES AND FIBER
TEND TO BE LOW IN FAT AND ADDED SUGARS WHICH
CAN HELP WITH WEIGHT MANAGEMENT BY PROVIDING
FEWER CALORIES. IN ADDITION, AS FIBERS ABSORB
WATER, THEY SWELL UP CREATING A FEELING OF
FULLNESS AND DELAYING HUNGER.
21
22. HOW MUCH
FIBER
• THE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL SET A DIETARY
REFERENCE INTAKE (DRI) FOR DIETARY FIBER. AN
ADEQUATE INTAKE (AI) FOR DIETARY FIBER WAS SET AT
14 GRAMS’ DIETARY FIBER PER 1,000 CALORIES. THUS,
FOR A REFERENCE 2,000 CALORIE DIET RECOMMENDED
INTAKE WOULD BE 28 GRAMS PER DAY.
22
23. TOO
MUCH
FIBER
• DIETARY FIBER CAN BIND SOME MINERALS AND
DECREASE THEIR ABSORPTION. HOWEVER, IF MINERAL
INTAKE IS ADEQUATE A RECOMMENDED DIETARY FIBER
INTAKE WILL NOT COMPROMISE MINERAL BALANCE.
FIBER INTAKE IS LIKE ALL NUTRIENTS IN THAT “MORE” IS
NOT ALWAYS “BETTER.” THE IMPORTANCE OF
CONSUMING A DIET THAT PROVIDES A VARIETY OF
NUTRIENTS IS THE KEY.
23
24. FOOD
SOURCES
OF FIBER
• FOODS ARE THE BEST WAY TO INCREASE FIBER INTAKE.
FOOD SOURCES OF FIBER INCLUDE FRUITS,
VEGETABLES, WHOLE GRAIN PRODUCTS, LEGUMES,
NUTS AND SEEDS.
• COOKING, PROCESSING, AND REMOVING PEELS CAN
LOWER THE FIBER IN FOODS.
24
26. ASSIGNMEN
T # 2
• 1. ENLIST DEFINITIONS OF FOLLOWING:
• NUTRITION
• CALORIE
• FOOD
• BMI
• 2. WRITE A SHORT NOTE ON ROLE OF DIETARY
FIBER IN COLON CANCER.
• DEADLINE:
26
28. MICRO AND MACRO
NUTRIENTS
• FOOD IS COMPOSED OF A WIDE DISTRIBUTION OF
NUTRIENTS, WHICH HAVE VERY SPECIFIC METABOLIC
EFFECTS ON THE HUMAN BODY.
• TWO CATEGORIES:
• MACRONUTRIENTS
• MICRONUTRIENTS
• SOME OF THESE NUTRIENTS ARE ESSENTIAL WHILE OTHERS
ARE NON-ESSENTIAL.
Sources: www.questformuscle.com/articles.html
http://www.instah.com/diet/macronutrients-and-micronutrients
http://diet.ygoy.com/2009/06/19/micronutrients-and-macronutrients
http://www.perfectvitamin.com/macro- nutrient-diet. html
28
29. MACRONUTRIENTS
• MACRONUTRIENTS CONSTITUTE THE MAJORITY OF
AN INDIVIDUAL’S DIET
• THE ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS THAT ARE NEEDED
FOR GROWTH AND ENERGY:
• CARBOHYDRATES
• PROTEINS
• FATS
• WATER
Sources: www.questformuscle.com/articles.html
http://www.instah.com/diet/macronutrients-and-micronutrients
http://diet.ygoy.com/2009/06/19/micronutrients-and-macronutrients
http://www.perfectvitamin.com/macro-nutrient-diet.html
29
30. MACRONUTRIENTS
• CARBOHYDRATES, PROTEINS, AND FATS ARE INTERCHANGEABLE AS
SOURCES OF ENERGY, WITH FATS YIELDING 9 CALORIES PER GRAM, AND
PROTEIN AND CARBOHYDRATES EACH YIELDING 4 CALORIES PER GRAM.
Sources: www.questformuscle.com/articles.html
http://www.instah.com/diet/macronutrients-and-micronutrients
http://diet.ygoy.com/2009/06/19/micronutrients-and-macronutrients
http://www.perfectvitamin.com/macro- nutrient-diet. html
30
31. • CARBOHYDRATES ARE COMPOSED OF CARBON, HYDROGEN, AND
OXYGEN, AND “CONSTITUTE THE MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR
ALL BODY FUNCTIONS, PARTICULARLY BRAIN FUNCTIONS, AND
ARE NECESSARY FOR THE METABOLISM OF OTHER NUTRIENTS”
CARBOHYDRATES
Sources: www.questformuscle.com/articles.html
http://www.instah.com/diet/macronutrients-and-micronutrients
http://diet.ygoy.com/2009/06/19/micronutrients-and-macronutrients
http://www.perfectvitamin.com/macro- nutrient-diet. html
31
32. • THE EASIEST FORM OF FOOD TO CONVERT INTO ENERGY ONCE
INGESTED CARBOHYDRATES ARE TURNED INTO GLUCOSE,
WHICH CIRCULATES IN THE BLOODSTREAM BEING READILY
AVAILABLE, AND INTO GLYCOGEN WHICH IS STORED IN THE
LIVER AND MUSCLE CELLS, FOR LATER USE.
CONT.
32
33. TYPES OF CARBOHYDRATES
• SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES LIKE THOSE FOUND IN
FRUITS AND PROCESSED SUGARS BREAK DOWN
VERY RAPIDLY IN THE BODY, MAKING THEM A
GOOD SOURCE OF QUICK ENERGY.
Sources: www.questformuscle.com/articles.html
http://www.instah.com/diet/macronutrients-and-micronutrients
http://diet.ygoy.com/2009/06/19/micronutrients-and-macronutrients
http://www.perfectvitamin.com/macro- nutrient-diet. html
33
34. CONT.
• COMPLEX
CARBOHYDRATES LIKE
THOSE FOUND IN RICE,
POTATOES, AND PASTA,
TAKE LONGER TO BREAK
DOWN IN THE BODY, AND
PROVIDE A MORE EVEN
DISTRIBUTION OF ENERGY
OVER A LONGER PERIOD.
34
36. 36
• PROTEINS ARE USED BY THE BODY TO
BUILD, REPAIR, AND MAINTAIN MUSCLE
TISSUE.
• ONCE INGESTED PROTEIN IS BROKEN DOWN
INTO PEPTIDES AND AMINO ACIDS WHICH
ARE VITAL FOR PROPER GROWTH,
DEVELOPMENT, AND MAINTENANCE OF
HEALTH.
CONT.
44. CONT.
44
High levels of saturated fat can significantly
raise one’s levels of low-density lipoprotein
cholesterol (LDL’S, bad cholesterol) which is
associated with atherosclerosis (hardening of
the arteries).
Saturated fats can be found in the foods such
as: beef, lamb, pork, chicken, shellfish, egg
yolks, milk, cheese, butter, and chocolate.
46. CONT.
• POLYUNSATURATED FATS CAN BE FOUND IN
FOODS SUCH AS: ALMONDS, PECANS, SUNFLOWER
OIL, CORN OIL, FISH, MAYONNAISE, SAFFLOWER
OIL, SOYBEAN OIL, WALNUTS AND IN MOST
MARGARINES.
46
47. UNSATURATED FATS
• UNSATURATED FATS WILL LOWER YOUR LDL’S
(BAD CHOLESTEROL) WITHOUT AFFECTING YOUR
HDL’S (GOOD CHOLESTEROL) MAKING THEM THE
HEALTHIEST OF POSSIBLE FAT SOURCES IN THE
DIET.
• UNSATURATED FATS CAN BE FOUND IN THE
FOODS SUCH AS: AVOCADOS, CASHEWS, OLIVES,
OLIVE OIL, PEANUTS, PEANUT OIL, AND PEANUT
BUTTER.
Sources: www.questformuscle.com/articles.html
http://www.instah.com/diet/macronutrients-and-micronutrients
http://diet.ygoy.com/2009/06/19/micronutrients-and-macronutrients
http://www.perfectvitamin.com/macro- nutrient-diet. html
47
49. WATER
• WATER IS A KEY ESSENTIAL TO A HEALTHY BODY.
THE BODY IS ROUGHLY 60% WATER.
• AN AVERAGE PERSON NEEDS ABOUT 8 CUPS OF
WATER PER DAY DEPENDING ON THEIR ACTIVITY
LEVELS.
Sources: www.questformuscle.com/articles.html
http://www.instah.com/diet/macronutrients-and-micronutrients
http://diet.ygoy.com/2009/06/19/micronutrients-and-macronutrients
http://www.perfectvitamin.com/macro- nutrient-diet. html
49
50. CONT.
• TYPICALLY, THE THIRST MECHANISM IS NOT A
GOOD SIGN TO INDICATE WHEN THE BODY NEEDS
WATER. THIS MECHANISM IS ACTIVATED WHEN
DEHYDRATION HAS ALREADY OCCURRED.
• DEHYDRATION CAN LEAD TO HEAT ILLNESSES
SUCH AS HEAT EXHAUSTION AND HEAT STROKE
BECAUSE OF THE INABILITY TO SWEAT. IT ALSO
CAN CAUSE ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE AND
MALFUNCTION OF THE BODY SYSTEMS. THIS CAN
LEAD TO DECREASES IN ENERGY AND
PERFORMANCE.
50
51. MICRONUTRIENTS
• MICRONUTRIENTS ARE VITAMINS AND TRACE
MINERALS.
• VITAMINS AND TRACE MINERALS ARE LABELED AS
MICRONUTRIENTS BECAUSE THE BODY ONLY
REQUIRES THEM IN VERY SMALL AMOUNTS.
• VITAMINS ARE ORGANIC SUBSTANCES THAT WE
INGEST WITH OUR FOODS, AND THAT THAT HELP
TO TRIGGER OTHER REACTIONS IN THE BODY
Sources: www.questformuscle.com/articles.html
http://www.instah.com/diet/macronutrients-and-micronutrients
http://diet.ygoy.com/2009/06/19/micronutrients-and-macronutrients
http://www.perfectvitamin.com/macro- nutrient-diet. html
51
52. MICRONUTRIENTS
• ALTHOUGH, MICRONUTRIENTS ARE NEEDED ONLY
IN SMALL AMOUNTS, THEIR DEFICIENCY LEADS
TO CRITICAL HEALTH PROBLEMS.
• IN FACT, MOST OF THE DISEASES AND
CONDITIONS THAT PEOPLE FACE TODAY ARE DUE
TO DEFICIENCY OF MICRONUTRIENTS.
• THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) SAYS
THAT IF WE ENSURE ELIMINATION OF
MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCY, LABOR EFFICIENCY
WILL INCREASE MULTIFOLD.
Sources: www.questformuscle.com/articles.html
http://www.instah.com/diet/macronutrients-and-micronutrients
http://diet.ygoy.com/2009/06/19/micronutrients-and-macronutrients
http://www.perfectvitamin.com/macro- nutrient-diet. html
52
55. SUPERFOODS
• WHAT IS A “SUPERFOOD”
• FOODS WHOSE NUTRITIONAL CONTENT IS SO
POWERFUL AND THE BENEFITS OF EATING THEM
SO FAR-REACHING.
Sources: www.questformuscle.com/articles.html
http://www.instah.com/diet/macronutrients-and-micronutrients
http://diet.ygoy.com/2009/06/19/micronutrients-and-macronutrients
http://www.perfectvitamin.com/macro- nutrient-diet. html
55
56. CONT.
• THEY PROVEN TO CONTAIN VITAMINS, MINERALS
AND OTHER NUTRIENTS THAT PREVENT DISEASE
- FROM CANCER AND HEART DISEASE TO
ARTHRITIS, EYE DISEASES AND MANY MORE.
56