The document discusses key aspects of management information systems (MIS), including: 1) Factors that influence the growth and development of MIS, such as organizational characteristics, strategy, and external industry and national policies. 2) Common approaches to developing MIS, including the systems development life cycle (SDLC) and prototyping. 3) Essential requirements for an effective MIS, including qualified staff with both technical and management expertise, a futuristic perspective, support from top management, a common database, and proper control and maintenance.

1. 20BBA-0MI32T/ 20BBA-0MS32T
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION
SYSTEM (MIS)
Presented By :
FARHANA MARIYAM

2. GROWTHAND DEVELOPMENTOF MIS
• Factors Responsible for the development of MIS are numerous and
have been aprime concern for many Researchers and Practitioners.
Both Internal and external factors must be taken into account when
trying to understand and organization’s criteria for deciding about
technology.
FACTORSAFFECTING
GROWTHAND
DEVELOPMENTOF
MIS
INTERNAL FACTORS EXTERNALFACTORS

3. EXTERNALF
ACTORS
Industry level
• Technology suppliers, the degree of innovativeness of
the industry, the requirements imposed by major
customers and external markets and overall levels of
competition and technology sophistication in the
industry.
National policies
• National policies also affect the organization that
indirectly affects the subsystems of the organization.

4. INTERNALF
ACTORS
PASTEXPERIENCEWITHTECHNOLOGY
• Technology in terms of exposure and organizational learning
ultimately affects its future in developing technology
ORGANIZATIONALCHARACTERISTICS
• An organization’s characteristic like size, influence the adoption
of MIS application in organization. They have more appropriate
systems developed for larger firms whereas they have ready
made and less expensivesystems.
ORGANIZATIONALPURSUEDSTRA
TEGY
• Organization’s strategy reflects its action with market and
technology, which ultimately modify its experience and
consequently its overall characteristics and capabilities

5. MIS DEVELPOMENTST
AGES
SYSTEM
PLANNING
SYSTEM
ANALYSIS
SYSTEM
DESIGN
SYSTEM
IMPLEMENTATION
SYSTEM
OPERATION
ANDSUPPORT

6. APPROACHESTO MIS
APPROACHES
SDLC
PROTOTYP
E
APPROACH

7. SDLC
PRELIMINARY
INVESTIGATION
SYSTEMREQUIREMENT
ANALYIS
SYSTEMDESIGN
SYSTEMACQUISITION
SYSTEMTESTING
SYSTEM
IMPLEMENTATION
SYSTEM
MAINTAINANCE

8. Prototyping
• Prototyping is the process of creating an incomplete model of the
future full-featured system, which can be used to let the users have
afirst idea of the completed program or allow the clients to
evaluate the program.
• Advantages:
i) The designer and implementer can obtain feedback from the
users early in the project development.
ii)The client and the contractor can compare that the developing
system matches with the system specification, according to which
the system is built.
iii)Italso gives the engineer some idea about the accuracy of
initial project estimates and whether the deadlines can be
successfully met.

9. Asa part of financialdepartment
DPorganization undera separate direction
(MIS)
DPorganization asseparate company
Location of MIS in a business
organization

10. Location ofMIS in a business organization
• Different business organizations follow different procedures in locating an
information center in the organization. Three forms of organization of MIS/
Data Processing (DP) set-up are generally know. These are as follows:
1) Asa part of financial department: In this case, DP personnel headed by a DP
manager are placed under the charge of the financial controller or the
chief accounts officer. This is so because historically financial applications
were the first to be computerized andsystematized.
2) DP organization under a separate direction (MIS). Sometimes other names
such as direction( management services) or director are also used. In this
form of organization the DP Manager or the Director of MIS enjoys a status
equal to the Financial Controller or the Chief Accounts Officer or any other
chief of the functional divisions. This kind of organization is adopted by
companies, who recognize data processing and systems designs as
important functional areas.
3) DP organization as separate company. This kind of organization, followed
largely by consultancy units or subsidiaries of conglomerate of companies,
is useful for the speedy and rapid growth of systems design and other
related processing activities both with respect to internal application as
well asexternal consultancy.

11. HOWIT HELPS?
1. Support the BusinessProcess:Treats inputs asarequest from the customer
and outputs asservices to customer. Supports current operations and use the
system to influence further way of working.
2. Support Operation of a BusinessOrganization:MIS supports operations of a
business organization by giving timely information, maintenance and
enhancement which provides flexibility in the operation of organizations.
3. ToSupport DecisionMaking: MIS supports the decision making by employee in
their daily operations. MIS also supports managers in decision making to meet
the goals and objectives of the organization. Different mathematical models
and ITtools are used for the purpose evolving strategies to meet competitive
needs.
4. Strategies for an Organization: Today each business is running in a competitive
market. MIS supports the organization to evolve appropriate strategies for the
business to assented in a competitive environment.
MIS for aBusinessOrganization:

12. ESSENTIAL
REQUIREMNETSFOR
AN EFFECTIVEMIS
SYSTEMAND
COMPUTEREXPERTS
QUALIFIEDSYSTEM
ANDMANAGEMENT
STAFF
MANAGEMENT
EXPERTS
FUTURISTIC
PERSPECTIVE
SUPPORTOFTOP
MANAGEMENT
COMMON
DATABASE
CONTROLAND
MAINTAINANCEOF
MIS

13. EssentialRequirement of anEffectiveMIS:
(i)Qualified SystemandManagement Staff: The prerequisite of an effective MIS is that it
should be managed by qualified officers. These officers should have a mutual understanding
about the roles and responsibilities of each other. Understand clearly the view of their fellow
officers. For this, each organization should have two categories of officers:
(a)SystemandComputer Experts who in addition to their expertise in their subject
area , they should also be capable of understanding management concepts to
facilitate the understanding of problems asked by concern. They should also be
clear about the process of decision making and information requirements for
planning.
(b)Management experts who should also understand quite-clearly the concepts
and operations of acomputer. This basic knowledge of computer will be
useful will place them in acomfortable position, while working with
systems, technicians in designing or otherwise, of the information system.
(ii)Futuristic Perspective: An effective MIS should be capable of meeting the future
requirements of its executives aswell. This capability can be achieved by regular monitoring
and updating theMIS.

14. (iii)Support of TopManagement: For a management information system to be effective, it
must receive the full support of top management. TheReasons for this are :
(a)Subordinate managers are usually lethargic about activities which do not
receive the support of their superiors.
(b)The resources involved in computer based information system are larger and
are growing larger and larger in view of importance gained by management
information system.
(iv)CommonDatabase:It is an integrated collection of data and information which is utilized
by several information subsystems of an organization. Acommon database may be defined
asasuper file which consolidates and integrates data records formerly stored in aseparate
data file. Sucha database can be organized asan integrated collection of data records into a
single super file or it can be organized asan integrated collection of several data file.
(v)Control and maintenance of MIS: Control of the MIS means the operation of the system
as it was designed to operate. Sometimes, users develop their own procedures or short cut
methods to use the system which reduces its effectiveness.