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Lecture 2
The document discusses several contributions of ancient cultures including the Greeks, early Christians, Romans, and Irish to writing and Western civilization. The Greeks contributed democracy, the Olympic Games, philosophy, architecture, theatre styles, literary classics like the Iliad and Odyssey, and advances in sculpture and pottery. Early Christians preferred the codex format for sacred texts as it was more durable and portable than scrolls. The Romans added letters to the alphabet and introduced parchment, the codex format, roads, plumbing, aqueducts, the calendar, engineering, art, and literature including the Justinian Code. Irish monks further developed writing by introducing spaces between words and designing the Insular script to improve readability.
Lecture 2
- 13. Contributions of theGreeks Democracy Olympic Games Hippocratic Oath Philosophy (Aristotle, Socrates, Plato) Architecture (Corinthian, Doric, Ionic Columns) Theatre Styles (drama, comedy, tragedy) Literary Classics (The Iliad, The Odyssey) Sculpture Pottery Libraries
- 23. Advantages of Codex •Easier to look up information, no rolling and unrolling • Easier to carry (smaller) • More durable • Could write on both sides of the parchment saving storage and material • Space and material costs were less
- 24. Codex Appeal toEarly Christians • Christians felt their writing was sacred • Codex had study advantages • Christians wanted to separate themselves from the Pagans
- 26. Roman Contributions toWriting Addition of Y and Z Addition of Serifs Introduction of Parchment Introduction of the Codex
- 27. Roman Contributions to Western Civilization Roads The Census Plumbing Roman Calendar Aqueducts Latin Art Engineering Literature Justinian Code
- 29. Roman Contributions to Western Civilization Roads The Census Plumbing Roman Calendar Aqueducts Latin Art Engineering Literature Justinian Code
- 37.
- 50. Irish Contributions toWriting • Half Uncials also called miuscules • Spaces between words • Developed new script called Insular script • Visibly improved graphics of manuscript and readability • Ascenders and descenders began appearing
Editor's Notes
- #19 Serif Ty;e
- #23 Codex
- #31 Krakatau erupted in 535 AD
- #36 scriptoriums
- #38 Scrittori and the copisti
- #39 Vatican Virgil, probably not created in a monastery but most likely before the sack of Rome which was about 410 AD
- #40 Uncials, rounded letters became more popular as manuscripts were made.
- #42 Book of Durrow completed in 680 AD
- #43 Book of Durrow
- #44 Book of Durrow
- #45 Book of Durrow
- #46 Book of Kells
- #47 Book of Kells
- #48 Book of Kells
- #49 Book of Kells
- #50 Book of Kells
- #53 Irish illuminated manuscript using Insular script
- #54 European illuminated manuscript
- #56 Page layout without the Caroline Minuscules
- #57 Caroline Minuscule