Lecture 1

Graphic design combines words and images to convey meaning more effectively than either could alone. It involves telling stories and presenting data visually through formats like pictographs, cuneiform, and more recently left-to-right writing systems developed by Greeks and Romans who added elements like vowels, serifs, and early advertising to their alphabets and architecture.

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Greek contributions to writing
• Changed writing to left to right instead of right
to left
• Added uncials, a rounded letter style
• Added 5 vowels

Roman contributions to writing
• Used a 21 letter alphabet prior to capturing
Greece.
• Once Greece fell added Y and Z to
accommodate Greek words.
• Added Serifs
• First advertising on buildings seen in Ancient
Rome

Lecture 1

What is Graphic Design?

Graphic Design • Combinationof words or images that convey meaning together better than either can do alone. • Telling a story with data. • Visual presentation of data. • Data organized visually

10.

Pictograph

15.

Cuneiform

16.

Cuneiform

53.

Greek contributions towriting • Changed writing to left to right instead of right to left • Added uncials, a rounded letter style • Added 5 vowels

56.

Roman contributions towriting • Used a 21 letter alphabet prior to capturing Greece. • Once Greece fell added Y and Z to accommodate Greek words. • Added Serifs • First advertising on buildings seen in Ancient Rome

Editor's Notes

#4 Culture: Paleolithic: Magdalenian period\r\nTitle: Chinese Horse, detail of mural from the Axial Gallery at Lascaux\r\nDate: ca. 15,000-13,000 B.C.E.\r\nLocation: Lascaux, Dordogne, France\r\nMaterial: paint on limestone\r\nMeasurements: L. 56"\r\nRelated Item: Adams AAT: 2.11\r\nRelated Item: Gardner 10: 1-5\r\nCollection: Art History Survey Collection\r\nSource: Catalogued by: Digital Library Federation Academic Image Cooperative

#5 Aboriginal Cave Painting in Australia

#6 Newspaper rock in Utah

#7 First personal identifying marks appeared about 15,0000 years ago

#8 Map of Mesopotamia

#9 Dawn of civilization: building of religious temples, invention of the wheel, invention of writing (pictographs)

#10 Early wheel as might have been used in Mesopotamia @4,000 BC

#11 Pictograph

#12 Culture: Mesopotamia, southern region\r\nTitle: Administrative tablet with cylinder seal impression of a male figure, hunting dogs, and boars\r\nWork Type: CUNEIFORM TABLET, SEAL IMPRESSSION, FIGURES, DOGS, BOARS\r\nPeriod: Jamdat Nasr, Uruk III style.\r\nDate: 3100-2900 B.C.\r\nMaterial: Clay\r\nMeasurements: H. 2 in. (5.3 cm) \r\nDescription: Proto-cuneiform inscription\r\nRepository: The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nRepository: http://www.metmuseum.org\r\nCollection: Metropolitan Museum of Art - Images for Academic Publishing\r\nID Number: 8828\r\nSource: Data From: The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nCredit Line: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Purchase, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Gift, 1988 (1988.433.1)\r\nImage Copyright Notice: Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nRights: This image was provided by The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Contact information: Image Library, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10028, (212) 396-5050 (fax), Scholars.License@MetMuseum.org\r\nRights: Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nRights: This image is available for uses permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use, such as teaching and study, as well as for scholarly publications, through the Images for Academic Publishing (IAP) initiative. If you are seeking to use this image for scholarly publication, you should click on the IAP icon below the thumbnail image.

#13 Cuneiform tablet and translation

#14 Map of Mesopotamia

#15 Cuneiform/Phoenician

#20 Map of Mesopotamia

#23 Newspaper Rock

#24 Ancient Chinese Caligraphy

#25 Title: Wooden stele of a worshiper adoring Re-Harakhte\r\nWork Type: painting\r\nDate: [n.d.]\r\nLocation: Egypt\r\nMaterial: wood\r\nDescription: The composite god Re-Harakhte, depicted with the falcon-head of Horus and the solar crown of Re, is shown accepting a woman's offerings. In return, the god blesses her with a stream of sunrays in the shape of flower buds\r\nRepository: Musée du Louvre\r\nSubject: Benediction\r\nSubject: Funerary art\r\nSubject: Gods\r\nSubject: Hieroglyphics\r\nSubject: Horus (Egyptian deity)\r\nSubject: Immortality\r\nSubject: Painting--Egypt, Ptolemaic--332-30 B.C\r\nSubject: Steles--Egypt\r\nSubject: Sun\r\nCollection: ARTstor Slide Gallery\r\nSource: Data from: University of California, San Diego

#29 Culture: Mesopotamia\r\nTitle: Cylinder seal and modern impression: hunting scene\r\nWork Type: CYLINDER SEAL OF BALU-ILI, CUPBEARER\r\nPeriod: Late Akkadian\r\nDate: 2250-2150 B.C.\r\nMaterial: Chert\r\nMeasurements: H. 2.8 cm\r\nDescription: Cuneiform inscription\r\nRepository: The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nRepository: http://www.metmuseum.org\r\nCollection: Metropolitan Museum of Art - Images for Academic Publishing\r\nID Number: 8837\r\nSource: Data From: The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nCredit Line: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Bequest of W. Gedney Beatty, 1941 (41.160.192) Photographed by Schecter Lee\r\nImage Copyright Notice: Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nRights: This image was provided by The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Contact information: Image Library, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10028, (212) 396-5050 (fax), Scholars.License@MetMuseum.org\r\nRights: Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nRights: This image is available for uses permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use, such as teaching and study, as well as for scholarly publications, through the Images for Academic Publishing (IAP) initiative. If you are seeking to use this image for scholarly publication, you should click on the IAP icon below the thumbnail image.

#30 Creator: Mesopotamian\r\nCulture: Asian; Middle Eastern; Mesopotamian\r\nTitle: Administrative tablet with cylinder seal impression of a male figure, hunting dogs, and boars\r\nWork Type: Pictograph\r\nDate: 3100-2900 B.C.\r\nMaterial: Clay\r\nMeasurements: H. 2 in. (5.3 cm)\r\nDescription: <P>In about 3300 B.C. writing was invented in Mesopotamia, perhaps in the city of Uruk, where the earliest inscribed clay tablets have been found in abundance. This was not an isolated development but occured during a period of profound transformations in politics, economy, and representational art. During the Uruk period of the fourth millennium B.C., the first Mesopotamian cities were settled, the first kings were crowned, and a range of goods-from ceramic vessels to textiles-were mass-produced in state workshops. Early writing was used primarily as a means of recording and storing economic information, but from the beginnings a significant component of the written tradition consisted of lists of words and names that scribes needed to know in order to keep their accounts. Signs were drawn with a reed stylus on pillow-shaped tablets, most of which were only a few inches wide. The stylus left small marks in the clay which we call cuneiform, or wedge-shaped, writing.</p><p> This tablet most likely documents grain distributed by a large temple, although the absence of verbs in early texts make them difficult to interpret with certainty. The seal impression depicts a male figure guiding two dogs on a leash and hunting or herding boars in a marsh environment.</P>\r\nDescription: Rear View\r\nRepository: The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nRepository: New York, New York, USA\r\nRepository: Purchase, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Gift, 1988\r\nRepository: 1988.433.1\r\nRepository: http://www.metmuseum.org\r\nCollection: The Metropolitan Museum of Art Collection\r\nCollection: Formerly in The AMICO Library\r\nID Number: MMA_.1988.433.1\r\nSource: Data From: The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nRights: This image was provided by The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Contact information: Photograph and Slide Library, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10028, (212) 396-5050 (fax).\r\nRights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.

#31 Cuneiform tablet in the British Museum

#32 Map of Mesopotamia

#33 Culture: Ancient Egyptian\r\nTitle: Pyramids of Cheops and Chefren; detail\r\nWork Type: architecture\r\nDate: 26th c. BCE\r\nLocation: Giza\r\nStyle Period: 4th dynasty\r\nDescription: The pyramid of Pharaoh Chefren has preserved a large part of its limestone casing near the top\r\nCollection: Art, Archaeology and Architecture (Erich Lessing Culture and Fine Arts Archives)\r\nID Number: 08-01-13/41\r\nSource: Image and original data provided by Erich Lessing Culture and Fine Arts Archives/ART RESOURCE, N.Y.\r\nSource: http://www.artres.com/c/htm/Home.aspx\r\nSource: http://www.artres.com/c/htm/TreePfLight.aspx?ID=LES\r\nRights: Photo Credit: Erich Lessing/ART RESOURCE, N.Y.\r\nRights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.

#36 Culture: Egyptian\r\nTitle: Priestly Decree inscribed in the Greek, Demotic and Hieroglyphic Scripts, called the Rosetta Stone\r\nWork Type: inscription\r\nDate: 196 BCE\r\nMaterial: black basalt\r\nStyle Period: Ptolemaic\r\nDescription: found near Rosetta, now Rashid, near Alexandria, Egypt inscribed with details of the cult offered to king Ptolemy V\r\nRepository: British Museum, London, United Kingdom, EA 24\r\nCollection: Art, Archaeology and Architecture (Erich Lessing Culture and Fine Arts Archives)\r\nID Number: 08-01-19/28\r\nSource: Image and original data provided by Erich Lessing Culture and Fine Arts Archives/ART RESOURCE, N.Y.\r\nSource: http://www.artres.com/c/htm/Home.aspx\r\nSource: http://www.artres.com/c/htm/TreePfLight.aspx?ID=LES\r\nRights: Photo Credit: Erich Lessing/ART RESOURCE, N.Y.\r\nRights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.

#37 Culture: Ancient Egyptian\r\nTitle: Temple of Queen Nefertari\r\nWork Type: Cartouche\r\nLocation: Egypt\r\nLocation: Abu Simbel\r\nDescription: Façade; cartouche of Ramesses surmounting entrance.\r\nCollection: The Hartill Archive of Architecture and Allied Arts\r\nSource: Data From: Hartill Art Associates Inc.\r\nRights: © Alec and/or Marlene Hartill

#38 Culture: Ancient Egyptian\r\nTitle: Temple of Ramesses II\r\nWork Type: Cartouche\r\nLocation: Egypt\r\nLocation: Abu Simbel\r\nDescription: Cartouche of Ramesses II; located to right of temple entrance\r\nCollection: The Hartill Archive of Architecture and Allied Arts\r\nSource: Data From: Hartill Art Associates Inc.\r\nRights: © Alec and/or Marlene Hartill

#39 Papyrus Plant

#40 Making of Papyrus from Papyrus plant

#42 Culture: Egyptian\r\nTitle: Stele of Nefertiabet\r\nWork Type: stele\r\nDate: c. 2590-2565 BC E\r\nMaterial: painted limestone\r\nStyle Period: Old Kingdom\r\nRepository: Louvre (Paris, France)\r\nCollection: Italian and other European Art (Scala Archives)\r\nSource: Image and original data provided by SCALA, Florence/ART RESOURCE, N.Y.\r\nSource: http://www.artres.com/c/htm/Home.aspx\r\nSource: http://www.scalarchives.com\r\nRights: (c) 2006, SCALA, Florence / ART RESOURCE, N.Y.\r\nRights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.

#43 Culture: Egyptian\r\nTitle: Section from the "Book of the Dead" of Nany\r\nPeriod: Dynasty 21, reigns of Psensennes I-II; Third Intermediate period\r\nDate: ca. 1040-945 B.C.E.\r\nLocation: Western Thebes\r\nMaterial: Painted and inscribed papyrus\r\nMeasurements: H. of illustrated section 13 3/4 in. (34.9 cm)\r\nRepository: The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nRepository: http://www.metmuseum.org\r\nCollection: Metropolitan Museum of Art - Images for Academic Publishing\r\nSource: Data From: The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nCredit Line: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rogers Fund, 1930 (30.3.31)\r\nImage Copyright Notice: Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nRights: This image was provided by The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Contact information: Image Library, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10028, (212) 396-5050 (fax), Scholars.License@MetMuseum.org\r\nRights: Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art\r\nRights: This image is available for uses permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use, such as teaching and study, as well as for scholarly publications, through the Images for Academic Publishing (IAP) initiative. If you are seeking to use this image for scholarly publication, you should click on the IAP icon below the thumbnail image.

#44 Culture: Egyptian\r\nTitle: Book of the Dead of Maiherperi from Thebes\r\nWork Type: painting\r\nDate: c. 1401-1391 BCE\r\nMaterial: papyrus\r\nStyle Period: 18th Dynasty, New Kingdom\r\nRepository: Egyptian Museum of Cairo\r\nCollection: Italian and other European Art (Scala Archives)\r\nSource: Image and original data provided by SCALA, Florence/ART RESOURCE, N.Y.\r\nSource: http://www.artres.com/c/htm/Home.aspx\r\nSource: http://www.scalarchives.com\r\nRights: (c) 2006, SCALA, Florence / ART RESOURCE, N.Y.\r\nRights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.

#45 Culture: Egyptian\r\nTitle: Book of the Dead\r\nMaterial: papyrus\r\nRepository: Ägyptisches Museum Berlin (Germany : West)\r\nCollection: Italian and other European Art (Scala Archives)\r\nSource: Image and original data provided by SCALA, Florence/ART RESOURCE, N.Y.\r\nSource: http://www.artres.com/c/htm/Home.aspx\r\nSource: http://www.scalarchives.com\r\nRights: (c) 2006, SCALA, Florence / ART RESOURCE, N.Y.\r\nRights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.

#46 Culture: Egyptian\r\nTitle: Bas-relief with scribes\r\nWork Type: relief\r\nDate: c. 1570-1070 BCE\r\nStyle Period: New Kingdom\r\nRepository: Museo archeologico di Firenze\r\nCollection: Italian and other European Art (Scala Archives)\r\nSource: Image and original data provided by SCALA, Florence/ART RESOURCE, N.Y.\r\nSource: http://www.artres.com/c/htm/Home.aspx\r\nSource: http://www.scalarchives.com\r\nRights: (c) 2006, SCALA, Florence / ART RESOURCE, N.Y.\r\nRights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.

#51 Greek Uncials

#53 Ancient Greek scrolls

Lecture 1

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Lecture 1

Editor's Notes