This document provides an overview of basic concepts in information and communication technology (ICT). It defines a computer as an electronic device that accepts user input, processes it under programmed instructions, and produces output. The four main parts of a computer are described as the input, processing, storage, and output devices. Different types of computers are discussed, including supercomputers, mainframes, microcomputers, notebooks, tablets, and handheld devices. Computer peripherals both internal and external to the system unit are defined. Various applications of computers in fields like science, education, business, banking, and more are outlined. Finally, common units of measurement for digital data are presented.

1. MINISTRY OF HEALTH, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
GENDER, ELDERLYAND CHILDREN.
Module name: Applied ICT
Module Code: CDT04101
Instructor: Eng. Sapali, Emanuel C.
Lecture 1:
Basic Concepts of ICT.
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2. Basic Concepts of ICT
Contents
• Computer
• Computer parts
• Computer System
• Computer types
• Computer Peripherals
• Application of computer
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3. COMPUTER
• An electronic device that accepts user inputs (data)
• processes it under the influence of a set of instructions referred to as
programs
• to produce the desired output referred to as information.
• Used to accept data, process and produces the desired output.
 Data are the raw facts may not make much meaning to the user.
 Programs are set of instructions that instruct a computer what to do.
 Information is result after data has been processed.
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5. TYPES OF COMMONLY USED COMPUTERS
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6. COMPUTER PARTS
• There are four basic types of computer parts:
a) Input devices- parts of the computer that allow data to be given to the
computer i.e.; keyboard or a mouse
b) Processing device- part of the computer that processes and controls the
flow of information i.e.; CPU
c) Storage devices- part of computer that hold the information. The primary
storage device or secondary storage
d) Output devices – part of the computer that gives out the information
generated by the computer, like a monitor, printer or speaker.
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7. COMPUTER PARTS
Structure of computer parts
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Input Output
Processing
Storage

8. COMPUTER SYSTEM
• Comprises the hardware, software, data and the user
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Software
Data
Hardware
User
Hardware- physical equipment that makes
computer.
Software- the set of instructions stored inside the
computer and tells it how to work with hardware.
Data – Raw facts that the computer processes.
User- The Individual who enters the data that is to
be processed and views the processed information
as an end results.
Software – Set of instructions used to tell a computer what to do (computer program)
● E.g. Microsoft Windows and Office etc.
Hardware – A physical component of a computer
● E.g. keyboard, monitor, mouse etc.

9. COMPUTER CHARACTERISTICS
• SPEED : In general, no human being can compete to solving the complex
computation, faster than computer.
• ACCURACY : Since Computer is programmed, so what ever input we give it
gives result with accurately.
• STORAGE : Computer can store mass storage of data with appropriate format.
• DILIGENCE : Computer can work for hours without any break and creating error.
• VERSATILITY : We can use computer to perform completely different type of
work at the same time.
• POWER OF REMEMBERING : It can remember data for us.
• NO IQ : Computer does not work without instruction.
• NO FEELING : Computer does not have emotions, knowledge, experience,
feeling.
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10. Example of a hardware parts of Computer
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• Example of a hardware part of a computer is Keyboard and mouse

11. Examples of a hardware parts of a computer
• What is a mouse?
– A hand held pointing device
• An arrow is displayed on the screen
which is called a pointer
• Performs four basic functions:
–Pointing
– Clicking (right and left)
– Double clicking
– Click and drag
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12. Computer types
• Supercomputers- A computer or series of computers designed to process
data at extremely fast speeds
• Mainframes- A very powerful computer made to execute many programs
simultaneously at a high speed
• Microcomputers- Also called personal computers (PCs) or desktop
computers. Generally consists of a keyboard, mouse, monitor and system
unit. Commonly used for playing video games, streaming movies or
television shows, banking, browsing the Internet, writing reports and
letters, and creating spreadsheets and presentations.
• Notebooks- Similar to desktop computers but are often smaller, less
expensive and more portable.
• Tablets- Generally smaller, lighter, more affordable and easier to use than a
notebook computer. Most tablets include a touchscreen, microphone,
camera and speakers, all built into the same unit.
• Handheld- Small enough to fit in one's hand or a pocket. Most include
mobile telephone capability (smartphones), although some do not (for
example, iPods).
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13. Application of a computer
• Science research
• Education
• Business applications
• Banking
• Office Automation
• Desktop publishing
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• Management aids
• Engineering designing
• Road traffic control
• Railway
• Medicine
• Information services

14. Computer Peripherals
• External computer peripherals
Printer, scanner, keyboards, mouse, projector, Speakers, Webcam, External
HDD
• Internal Computer peripherals
CD-ROM , RAM, HDD, Modems, Power supply, Optical drive, Heat sink
Note: When you are being told to mention the computer peripherals
base much on external peripherals
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15. Units of measurements of data
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16. Thanks for your Attention
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