The document discusses the global leather garment trade and India's position within it. It notes that China dominates the low-cost segment due to large scale production. India's exports have declined and it has been priced out of low-cost segments. The document proposes developing competitive $35 garments using strategies like imported sheep leather, leather/fabric mixes, and upgraded materials to regain market share. Sample costings are provided for two prototype $35 garments developed by these means.
India has a long tradition of carpet weaving that began in the 16th century and today it is the world's largest producer and exporter of handmade carpets. Seven types of carpets are produced in India including hand-knotted wool, tufted wool, and pure silk carpets. Most production occurs in northern towns like Bhadohi and Jaipur. In 2013-2014, India exported over $1 billion worth of handmade carpets to over 100 countries with the largest markets being the US and EU, which together accounted for around 60% of exports.
Manufacturing industries transform raw materials into finished goods through processing. The textile industry is one of India's largest and most important manufacturing industries. It is centered around cotton growing regions and utilizes India's large labor force. The cotton textile industry is highly significant as it contributes substantially to industrial production, employment, and foreign exchange. It has linkages with agriculture as a source of raw cotton and supports other industries through demand. However, India mainly exports yarn and imports fabric, indicating a need to strengthen downstream sectors like weaving to capture more value.
Manufacturing Industries by Mahip SinghMahip Singh
MANUFACTURING: PRODUCTION OF GOODS IN LARGE QUANTITIES AFTER PROCESSING FROM RAW MATERIALS TO MORE VALUABLE PRODUCTS.
THE ECONOMIC STENGHT OF A COUNTRY IS MEASURED BY THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
It not only helps in modernizing agriculture but also reduce the heavy dependence of people on agricultural income by providing them jobs in secondary and tertiary sector.
Industrial development is a precondition for eradication of unemployment and poverty from our country.
Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce.
Countries that transform their raw material into wide variety of furnished goods of higher value are prosperous.
This document discusses Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) in the pharmaceutical industry. It provides the history and regulations around GMP, explains why following GMP is important, and outlines the key elements that make up a GMP system.
GMP guidelines were established in the 1960s after thousands of babies were born with birth defects due to the drug Thalidomide. Regulations were put in place to ensure drug safety and quality. Following GMP helps build quality into manufacturing processes and products to avoid mistakes that could harm patients. Key aspects of GMP include controlling quality, using well-trained staff, thorough documentation, and adequate premises and equipment. The overall goal is to establish a system that consistently produces high quality pharmaceutical products.
This document provides an overview of good manufacturing practices (GMP) in the pharmaceutical industry. It begins with definitions of GMP and discusses its early history starting in the 1900s with no regulations. Key events that led to increased regulation include Upton Sinclair's 1905 book The Jungle exposing unsanitary meat plants and the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act. The document then outlines the timeline of major GMP regulations from 1902 to the present. It provides details on key areas covered by GMP including personnel, premises, equipment, process validation, and quality assurance.
The document discusses Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and contamination prevention. It covers types of contamination, sources, and how to prevent them through practices like personal hygiene, sanitation, cleaning, and equipment maintenance. GMP regulations require facilities, equipment, personnel training, and documentation to help assure product quality and safety.
The document outlines good manufacturing practices (GMP) that must be followed to produce safe products. It discusses personnel hygiene practices, facility requirements, storage practices, process equipment guidelines, cleaning and sanitation procedures, pest control measures, and documentation standards that are necessary to ensure product quality and safety.
The document discusses the global leather garment trade and India's position within it. It notes that China dominates the low-cost segment due to large scale production. India's exports have declined and it has been priced out of low-cost segments. The document proposes developing competitive $35 garments using strategies like imported sheep leather, leather/fabric mixes, and upgraded materials to regain market share. Sample costings are provided for two prototype $35 garments developed by these means.
India has a long tradition of carpet weaving that began in the 16th century and today it is the world's largest producer and exporter of handmade carpets. Seven types of carpets are produced in India including hand-knotted wool, tufted wool, and pure silk carpets. Most production occurs in northern towns like Bhadohi and Jaipur. In 2013-2014, India exported over $1 billion worth of handmade carpets to over 100 countries with the largest markets being the US and EU, which together accounted for around 60% of exports.
Manufacturing industries transform raw materials into finished goods through processing. The textile industry is one of India's largest and most important manufacturing industries. It is centered around cotton growing regions and utilizes India's large labor force. The cotton textile industry is highly significant as it contributes substantially to industrial production, employment, and foreign exchange. It has linkages with agriculture as a source of raw cotton and supports other industries through demand. However, India mainly exports yarn and imports fabric, indicating a need to strengthen downstream sectors like weaving to capture more value.
Manufacturing Industries by Mahip SinghMahip Singh
MANUFACTURING: PRODUCTION OF GOODS IN LARGE QUANTITIES AFTER PROCESSING FROM RAW MATERIALS TO MORE VALUABLE PRODUCTS.
THE ECONOMIC STENGHT OF A COUNTRY IS MEASURED BY THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
It not only helps in modernizing agriculture but also reduce the heavy dependence of people on agricultural income by providing them jobs in secondary and tertiary sector.
Industrial development is a precondition for eradication of unemployment and poverty from our country.
Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce.
Countries that transform their raw material into wide variety of furnished goods of higher value are prosperous.
This document discusses Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) in the pharmaceutical industry. It provides the history and regulations around GMP, explains why following GMP is important, and outlines the key elements that make up a GMP system.
GMP guidelines were established in the 1960s after thousands of babies were born with birth defects due to the drug Thalidomide. Regulations were put in place to ensure drug safety and quality. Following GMP helps build quality into manufacturing processes and products to avoid mistakes that could harm patients. Key aspects of GMP include controlling quality, using well-trained staff, thorough documentation, and adequate premises and equipment. The overall goal is to establish a system that consistently produces high quality pharmaceutical products.
This document provides an overview of good manufacturing practices (GMP) in the pharmaceutical industry. It begins with definitions of GMP and discusses its early history starting in the 1900s with no regulations. Key events that led to increased regulation include Upton Sinclair's 1905 book The Jungle exposing unsanitary meat plants and the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act. The document then outlines the timeline of major GMP regulations from 1902 to the present. It provides details on key areas covered by GMP including personnel, premises, equipment, process validation, and quality assurance.
The document discusses Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and contamination prevention. It covers types of contamination, sources, and how to prevent them through practices like personal hygiene, sanitation, cleaning, and equipment maintenance. GMP regulations require facilities, equipment, personnel training, and documentation to help assure product quality and safety.
The document outlines good manufacturing practices (GMP) that must be followed to produce safe products. It discusses personnel hygiene practices, facility requirements, storage practices, process equipment guidelines, cleaning and sanitation procedures, pest control measures, and documentation standards that are necessary to ensure product quality and safety.
Here are the key points covered in the information sheet:
- Embroidery is the ornamentation of textiles and other materials with needlework.
- Embroidery was introduced to the Philippines by the Spanish in the 15th century. Filipino embroidery now rivals work from other countries like Switzerland.
- Embroidery tools include gauges, tape measures, thimbles, embroidery hoops/stilettos, embroidery scissors, needle threaders, pounce, and different types of needles.
- Correct use and storage of tools is important to prevent damage and allow for neat, quality work.
- Knowledge of different tools and materials is essential for successful embroidery.
This interview discusses the Indian leather industry and CSIR-CLRI. Some key points:
- India is the second largest producer of leather garments globally after China, with a production capacity of 16 million pieces annually. Major global brands source leather garments from India.
- Leather will continue to be produced as long as animals exist, as leather is a byproduct of the meat industry. CSIR-CLRI works on new product/process technologies and materials to support the industry.
- The leather industry is an important part of the Indian economy, contributing over $12 billion annually. It is one of the top ten foreign exchange earners and provides jobs for 2.5 million people mostly from disadv
The document discusses various topics related to the leather industry including future trends of vegan leather, emerging global trends in leather, exploring sea leatherwear, study of leather fabric, leather made from cactus, leather antiquity, being wholesome, leather machinery exports impacted by COVID-19, leather processing, elevating your career in leather design and technology, future of design education, rejuvenating folk paintings on textile products, environment friendly mushroom leather, empathy as a leadership competency, monpa handmade paper, recycling leather, coir products export opportunities, india edifying cotton demand and supply chain, sustainable agriculture, hemp as a sustainable fibre,
Developements in cutting & sewing technologies in garment industriesprashant khandalkar
This document summarizes developments in cutting and sewing technologies used in the garment industry. It discusses the growth of the textile and apparel industry in India and provides an overview of the key steps in garment production, including laying, marking, cutting, stitching, checking, fusing and pressing. It then describes developments in cutting technologies, including various types of hand shears, electric scissors, and machine cutting methods like straight knives, round knives, band knives and rotary shears. Finally, it briefly outlines the history of the sewing machine from early hand stitching to the 19th century inventions of mechanical sewing machines.
Textile Industry In India A Swot Analysis 17027FNian
- The global textile and apparel industry was worth $1,467.5 billion in 2005, with apparel and accessories accounting for $1,098.6 billion (74.9%) and textiles accounting for $214.7 billion (14.6%).
- India contributes about 25% of the world's cotton yarn trade and is the second largest producer of cotton yarn and textiles globally. The Indian textile industry contributes about 22% of the world's spindles and 6% of rotors.
- Textile exports from India increased from $7.55 billion in 1993-94 to $17 billion in 2005-06, with ready-made garments being the largest export
September 2015 Edition of BEACON, A Monthly Newsletter by SIMCON.
Inside this issue:
About Us
Our Team
INDUSTRY ANALYSIS : Textile Industry
COMPANY ANALYSIS : Arvind Mills
BRAND ANALYSIS : MTV
Concept of the month: Market Share Paradox
Event Report : Consulting Induction Program
K-12 Module in T.L.E. Grade 8 Second Grading (Handicrafts)Daniel Manaog
==========================================
K-12 Module in A.P. Grade 8 Second Grading!
Want to Download?
Click Here => http://www.slideshare.net/danielmanaog14/savedfiles?s_title=1-27-pages&user_login=danielmanaog14
==========================================
The Indian leather industry has grown significantly over the past decades to become a major foreign exchange earner and employer. Exports have increased from $320 million in 1965-66 to $69.5 billion in 1996-97. The industry has transformed from exporting raw materials to value-added finished products. It employs around 2 million workers across sectors like tanning, footwear, and leather goods. Major production centers are located in cities across India like Chennai, Kanpur, Delhi and Kolkata.
This document is a learning module for a Grade 7/8 Technology and Livelihood Education course on handicraft production. It covers three lessons: 1) producing an embroidered article, 2) producing a recycled project, and 3) producing wrapped gift items. Lesson 1 focuses on using basic embroidery tools and creating an embroidered article. It provides information sheets describing various embroidery tools, materials, and stitches. It includes activities for students to practice using tools and creating embroidered works.
This document provides details about a project to produce footwear from sized yarn waste. It includes an introduction describing sized yarn waste and its properties. The objective is to develop a standard shoe using this waste material. The concept involves doubling 6 single yarns together to produce a stronger 6-ply yarn, which is then woven into fabric and used for the shoe upper. A sole is attached to produce the finished shoe. The process aims to utilize an industrial waste to create affordable footwear through low-cost, small-scale production.
1. The document discusses a project report on recycling garments submitted by a group of 3 members.
2. It outlines the objectives of garment recycling, introduces the project team members, and discusses generating the project idea which was inspired by reducing clothing waste.
3. It then discusses the profitability and feasibility of starting a garment recycling business, future opportunities in the industry, and 8 specific steps to execute the business idea such as sorting, estimating costs, identifying buyers, investing in machinery, and supplying recycled garments.
mini project.pphjkgjhgfjk8yfhgjnhfjhfchjgfhjftxsaibalajiyadav4
This document discusses 3D printing clothes and the textile industry. It provides an overview of 3D printing advantages for the fashion industry, including greater design freedom and ability to create complex garments. The document also covers textile manufacturing processes for both natural and synthetic fibers. It discusses cotton, wool, silk and synthetic materials like polyester. It provides details on India's large and important textile industry, its history and role as a major global exporter.
The textile industry in India is one of the oldest and largest in the world. The industry contributes approximately 5% to India's GDP. It can be divided into several segments such as cotton, silk, wool, man-made fibers, and readymade garments. Orbit Exports is one of the largest exporters of novelty fabrics in India, recognized by Forbes as a best company under $1 billion in Asia. It specializes in products such as faux silk, fashion jacquards, and Christmas crafts. Orbit Exports aims to deliver high quality products on time and maximize shareholder value through continuous process evolution.
Customer analysis of nilkamal mattressNimesh Radia
Nilkamal Ltd is Asia's largest plastic processor in India. The author's summer internship was with Nilkamal Ltd in the Mattress Department, assisting the Marketing & Promotion Team.
The document provides an overview of the Indian home furnishing market and mattress markets globally and in India. It profiles Nilkamal Ltd and its mattress division, describing the company's structure, products, pricing, distribution channels, and objectives of studying its competitive environment and strategy.
This document summarizes the status of India's jute industry, including production levels, domestic consumption, export performance, prospects, challenges, and strategies going forward. Some key points:
- Production of jute goods has been declining, with hessian and sacking making up 90% of production.
- Domestic consumption is around 94-96% of production due to laws requiring jute packaging.
- Exports are led by hessian, sacking, floor coverings and shopping bags. Major export countries include USA, Ghana, UK and Netherlands.
- Prospects for jute lie in diversifying beyond packaging and tapping into demand for eco-friendly natural products.
- Challen
Comprehensive Project On Apparel IndustryHetal Bhatt
The document provides an introduction and overview of the apparel industry. It discusses the global and Indian markets for apparel, key players in the industry, and distribution channels. Research methods used to study the industry are also mentioned, including Porter's Five Forces analysis, SWOT analysis, PESTLE analysis, and case studies of major companies. The document contains an executive summary and table of contents outlining the various sections of the report on the apparel industry.
Process flow of knit industry for a basic t-shirtMohin Mahmud
The document discusses the history and growth of Bangladesh's knitwear industry since the 1970s. It outlines the key steps in knit composite manufacturing including knitting, dyeing, cutting, printing, sewing, washing, finishing and packing. Knitting turns yarn into fabric using interconnected loops and has advantages over woven fabrics like flexibility and ability to create smaller pieces. The knitwear industry has lower costs and requires less space than woven composites. It has become the largest export sector in Bangladesh, surpassing woven garments. The objectives of the study are to evaluate each stage of the knit composite process flow and understand how it functions as a whole.
This document provides a report on smart fabric care that includes an introduction, objectives, definitions of fabrics, fabric care techniques, findings on digital fabric printing and the smart fabrics market, and recommendations. The findings section discusses topics such as digital fabric printing, design considerations for fabric printing, market analysis and forecasts for the smart fabrics industry, and applications of smart textiles. The recommendations propose ways to improve laundry practices and provide fabric care guides.
This presentation summarizes information about India's leather exports, including key highlights from 2017-2018. The largest importers of Indian leather are the US, Germany, UK, Italy and Spain. Footwear accounts for nearly half of leather exports. Kanpur is a major leather production hub in India. Germany is a top export destination, importing 11.22% of India's leather exports. Strengths include a large raw material base and employment, while weaknesses include lack of branding and quality standards. The presentation outlines the leather types, export documentation process, applicable duties and transportation routes used.
Technoblade The Legacy of a Minecraft Legend.Techno Merch
Technoblade, born Alex on June 1, 1999, was a legendary Minecraft YouTuber known for his sharp wit and exceptional PvP skills. Starting his channel in 2013, he gained nearly 11 million subscribers. His private battle with metastatic sarcoma ended in June 2022, but his enduring legacy continues to inspire millions.
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Here are the key points covered in the information sheet:
- Embroidery is the ornamentation of textiles and other materials with needlework.
- Embroidery was introduced to the Philippines by the Spanish in the 15th century. Filipino embroidery now rivals work from other countries like Switzerland.
- Embroidery tools include gauges, tape measures, thimbles, embroidery hoops/stilettos, embroidery scissors, needle threaders, pounce, and different types of needles.
- Correct use and storage of tools is important to prevent damage and allow for neat, quality work.
- Knowledge of different tools and materials is essential for successful embroidery.
This interview discusses the Indian leather industry and CSIR-CLRI. Some key points:
- India is the second largest producer of leather garments globally after China, with a production capacity of 16 million pieces annually. Major global brands source leather garments from India.
- Leather will continue to be produced as long as animals exist, as leather is a byproduct of the meat industry. CSIR-CLRI works on new product/process technologies and materials to support the industry.
- The leather industry is an important part of the Indian economy, contributing over $12 billion annually. It is one of the top ten foreign exchange earners and provides jobs for 2.5 million people mostly from disadv
The document discusses various topics related to the leather industry including future trends of vegan leather, emerging global trends in leather, exploring sea leatherwear, study of leather fabric, leather made from cactus, leather antiquity, being wholesome, leather machinery exports impacted by COVID-19, leather processing, elevating your career in leather design and technology, future of design education, rejuvenating folk paintings on textile products, environment friendly mushroom leather, empathy as a leadership competency, monpa handmade paper, recycling leather, coir products export opportunities, india edifying cotton demand and supply chain, sustainable agriculture, hemp as a sustainable fibre,
Developements in cutting & sewing technologies in garment industriesprashant khandalkar
This document summarizes developments in cutting and sewing technologies used in the garment industry. It discusses the growth of the textile and apparel industry in India and provides an overview of the key steps in garment production, including laying, marking, cutting, stitching, checking, fusing and pressing. It then describes developments in cutting technologies, including various types of hand shears, electric scissors, and machine cutting methods like straight knives, round knives, band knives and rotary shears. Finally, it briefly outlines the history of the sewing machine from early hand stitching to the 19th century inventions of mechanical sewing machines.
Textile Industry In India A Swot Analysis 17027FNian
- The global textile and apparel industry was worth $1,467.5 billion in 2005, with apparel and accessories accounting for $1,098.6 billion (74.9%) and textiles accounting for $214.7 billion (14.6%).
- India contributes about 25% of the world's cotton yarn trade and is the second largest producer of cotton yarn and textiles globally. The Indian textile industry contributes about 22% of the world's spindles and 6% of rotors.
- Textile exports from India increased from $7.55 billion in 1993-94 to $17 billion in 2005-06, with ready-made garments being the largest export
September 2015 Edition of BEACON, A Monthly Newsletter by SIMCON.
Inside this issue:
About Us
Our Team
INDUSTRY ANALYSIS : Textile Industry
COMPANY ANALYSIS : Arvind Mills
BRAND ANALYSIS : MTV
Concept of the month: Market Share Paradox
Event Report : Consulting Induction Program
K-12 Module in T.L.E. Grade 8 Second Grading (Handicrafts)Daniel Manaog
==========================================
K-12 Module in A.P. Grade 8 Second Grading!
Want to Download?
Click Here => http://www.slideshare.net/danielmanaog14/savedfiles?s_title=1-27-pages&user_login=danielmanaog14
==========================================
The Indian leather industry has grown significantly over the past decades to become a major foreign exchange earner and employer. Exports have increased from $320 million in 1965-66 to $69.5 billion in 1996-97. The industry has transformed from exporting raw materials to value-added finished products. It employs around 2 million workers across sectors like tanning, footwear, and leather goods. Major production centers are located in cities across India like Chennai, Kanpur, Delhi and Kolkata.
This document is a learning module for a Grade 7/8 Technology and Livelihood Education course on handicraft production. It covers three lessons: 1) producing an embroidered article, 2) producing a recycled project, and 3) producing wrapped gift items. Lesson 1 focuses on using basic embroidery tools and creating an embroidered article. It provides information sheets describing various embroidery tools, materials, and stitches. It includes activities for students to practice using tools and creating embroidered works.
This document provides details about a project to produce footwear from sized yarn waste. It includes an introduction describing sized yarn waste and its properties. The objective is to develop a standard shoe using this waste material. The concept involves doubling 6 single yarns together to produce a stronger 6-ply yarn, which is then woven into fabric and used for the shoe upper. A sole is attached to produce the finished shoe. The process aims to utilize an industrial waste to create affordable footwear through low-cost, small-scale production.
1. The document discusses a project report on recycling garments submitted by a group of 3 members.
2. It outlines the objectives of garment recycling, introduces the project team members, and discusses generating the project idea which was inspired by reducing clothing waste.
3. It then discusses the profitability and feasibility of starting a garment recycling business, future opportunities in the industry, and 8 specific steps to execute the business idea such as sorting, estimating costs, identifying buyers, investing in machinery, and supplying recycled garments.
mini project.pphjkgjhgfjk8yfhgjnhfjhfchjgfhjftxsaibalajiyadav4
This document discusses 3D printing clothes and the textile industry. It provides an overview of 3D printing advantages for the fashion industry, including greater design freedom and ability to create complex garments. The document also covers textile manufacturing processes for both natural and synthetic fibers. It discusses cotton, wool, silk and synthetic materials like polyester. It provides details on India's large and important textile industry, its history and role as a major global exporter.
The textile industry in India is one of the oldest and largest in the world. The industry contributes approximately 5% to India's GDP. It can be divided into several segments such as cotton, silk, wool, man-made fibers, and readymade garments. Orbit Exports is one of the largest exporters of novelty fabrics in India, recognized by Forbes as a best company under $1 billion in Asia. It specializes in products such as faux silk, fashion jacquards, and Christmas crafts. Orbit Exports aims to deliver high quality products on time and maximize shareholder value through continuous process evolution.
Customer analysis of nilkamal mattressNimesh Radia
Nilkamal Ltd is Asia's largest plastic processor in India. The author's summer internship was with Nilkamal Ltd in the Mattress Department, assisting the Marketing & Promotion Team.
The document provides an overview of the Indian home furnishing market and mattress markets globally and in India. It profiles Nilkamal Ltd and its mattress division, describing the company's structure, products, pricing, distribution channels, and objectives of studying its competitive environment and strategy.
This document summarizes the status of India's jute industry, including production levels, domestic consumption, export performance, prospects, challenges, and strategies going forward. Some key points:
- Production of jute goods has been declining, with hessian and sacking making up 90% of production.
- Domestic consumption is around 94-96% of production due to laws requiring jute packaging.
- Exports are led by hessian, sacking, floor coverings and shopping bags. Major export countries include USA, Ghana, UK and Netherlands.
- Prospects for jute lie in diversifying beyond packaging and tapping into demand for eco-friendly natural products.
- Challen
Comprehensive Project On Apparel IndustryHetal Bhatt
The document provides an introduction and overview of the apparel industry. It discusses the global and Indian markets for apparel, key players in the industry, and distribution channels. Research methods used to study the industry are also mentioned, including Porter's Five Forces analysis, SWOT analysis, PESTLE analysis, and case studies of major companies. The document contains an executive summary and table of contents outlining the various sections of the report on the apparel industry.
Process flow of knit industry for a basic t-shirtMohin Mahmud
The document discusses the history and growth of Bangladesh's knitwear industry since the 1970s. It outlines the key steps in knit composite manufacturing including knitting, dyeing, cutting, printing, sewing, washing, finishing and packing. Knitting turns yarn into fabric using interconnected loops and has advantages over woven fabrics like flexibility and ability to create smaller pieces. The knitwear industry has lower costs and requires less space than woven composites. It has become the largest export sector in Bangladesh, surpassing woven garments. The objectives of the study are to evaluate each stage of the knit composite process flow and understand how it functions as a whole.
This document provides a report on smart fabric care that includes an introduction, objectives, definitions of fabrics, fabric care techniques, findings on digital fabric printing and the smart fabrics market, and recommendations. The findings section discusses topics such as digital fabric printing, design considerations for fabric printing, market analysis and forecasts for the smart fabrics industry, and applications of smart textiles. The recommendations propose ways to improve laundry practices and provide fabric care guides.
This presentation summarizes information about India's leather exports, including key highlights from 2017-2018. The largest importers of Indian leather are the US, Germany, UK, Italy and Spain. Footwear accounts for nearly half of leather exports. Kanpur is a major leather production hub in India. Germany is a top export destination, importing 11.22% of India's leather exports. Strengths include a large raw material base and employment, while weaknesses include lack of branding and quality standards. The presentation outlines the leather types, export documentation process, applicable duties and transportation routes used.
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Technoblade The Legacy of a Minecraft Legend.Techno Merch
Technoblade, born Alex on June 1, 1999, was a legendary Minecraft YouTuber known for his sharp wit and exceptional PvP skills. Starting his channel in 2013, he gained nearly 11 million subscribers. His private battle with metastatic sarcoma ended in June 2022, but his enduring legacy continues to inspire millions.
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Architectural and constructions management experience since 2003 including 18 years located in UAE.
Coordinate and oversee all technical activities relating to architectural and construction projects,
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changes.
Organize and typically develop, and review building plans, ensuring that a project meets all safety and
environmental standards.
Prepare feasibility studies, construction contracts, and tender documents with specifications and
tender analyses.
Consulting with clients, work on formulating equipment and labor cost estimates, ensuring a project
meets environmental, safety, structural, zoning, and aesthetic standards.
Monitoring the progress of a project to assess whether or not it is in compliance with building plans
and project deadlines.
Attention to detail, exceptional time management, and strong problem-solving and communication
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3. 3EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Leather and Leather Products sector is one of the important sectors among the various
constituents of the manufacturing sector in India, mainly due to its contribution towards
employment. It is one of the unique sectors which have the advantage of the both value
addition and export potential. It also contributes significantly to total manufacturing output
and exports from the country.
Leather industry has massive potential for employment, output growth and export. The sector
is one of the top eight foreign exchange earners worth over Rs. 10000 crores per annum and
accounts for 3% of the global leather-related trade of Rs. 387200 crores. An estimated 15%
of total purchase of leading global brands in footwear, garments, leather goods &
accessories in Europe, and 10 percent of global supply is outsourced from India. Leather
industry has undergone dramatic transformation in the recent years from a mere exporter of
raw materials in the sixties to that of value added finished products in the nineties.
The Indian leather industry comprises of both organized and unorganized and organized
sectors. The organised manufacturing sector broadly consists of tanning and dressing of
leather manufacture of luggage, handbags saddlery, harness and footwear. Currently
unorganized sector plays a dominant role in the entire production. The small scale, cottage
and artisan sectors account for over 75 per cent of the total production and majority of them
belong to unorganized sector. Though footwear is produced by both large and small scale
sector, the small scale sector has almost 90 per cent share in the total production of footwear
in India.
4. 4
India’s leather and leather products exports have been growing at 6.80% per annum during
1991-92 to 2007-08. Major export destinations are Germany, USA, UK, Italy and Hong
Kong. India’s exports of finished leather have been growing at the rate of 6.42% during
1993-94 to 2007-08. Hong Kong is one of the major export destinations of finished leather
products. Hong Kong cornered the largest share (42%) of India’s finished leather export in
2007-08.
Leather Footwear: India’s exports of leather footwear have been growing at the annual rate
of 3.50% during 1991-92 to 2007-08. The leading importer of Indian leather footwear is UK
followed by Germany, USA, Italy, etc.
Leather Goods: India’s exports of leather goods have been decreasing at the rate of 2% per
annum during 1991-92 to 2007-08 period. Germany’s position as the major destination of
India’s leather goods exports during the early 90’s has changed drastically. UK, Spain,
Netherlands, Australia, UAE and Belgium have all increased their imports from India.
Leather Garments: Leather garments exports from India have been decreasing at the annual
rate of 2.46% during 1995-96 to 2007-08. Germany is the leading importer of leather
garments during 2007-08. The share of Belgium and Canada has increased over the years.
Leather garments exports to Germany, Italy, USA, France, UK and Netherlands declined over
the years.
5. 5
Leather Footwear Components: India’s exports of leather footwear components have been
decreasing at an annual rate of 2.27% during 1995-96 to 2007-08. India’s exports of leather
footwear components have increased to Spain, Portugal, France, Switzerland, Slovakia,
Austria and Hungar, Italy, Germany and France are the major importers of Indian Leather
Footwear components.
Saddlery and Harnesses: India’s exports of saddlery and harnesses have been increasing at
the annual rate of 8.96% in the period of 1995-96 to 2007-08. However, the export shares of
USA, Germany, France, Netherlands and Australia have been declining.
Globalisation and Prospects for Indian Leather Sector
Currently India has a share of 2.3 per cent (i.e. US $ 2 billion) of global trade of leather and
leather products. India has a large and growing middle class of about 250 million people with
good purchasing power. Global players in the leather business, big or small are today
focusing increasingly on India's domestic market.
The livestock is the raw material for the leather industry. Cattle, buffaloes, goat and sheep
are the four live stock species which provide the basic raw materials for the leather industry.
India ranks first among major livestock holding countries in the world. In fact, India has the
capacity to fulfil 10% of the global leather requirement. The annual availability of 218
million good quality pieces of hides and skins is the main strength of the industry. Along with
rich endowment of raw materials, the industry has access to abundant supply of cheap labour.
Over the years through government support the industry has been able to develop its R & D
facilities considerably. Though there is much to be done in order to meet the challenges of
globalization, the industry has established a sound base for the same.
8. 8
Tutorial How to make a
Soccer's ball
Step by step
Stitching and assembling of panels.
The stitching of two panel’s pentagon and hexagon there are different steps.
1. To stitch the first panels hexagon and second are pentagon
2. To after second are stitch the pentagon edge to stitch of hexagon
3. After stitch the five panels hexagon and one is pentagon
4. An to after stitch thane panels pentagon and second panels hexagon
5. To regular stitch in five panels pentagon and five panels hexagon
6. To after stitching of six panels and ten panels stitch the joint
7. That called semi round stitching
8. To after to semi rounded to attached after stitch in to before
9. To attached the bladder
10. The after stitching of football etc.
9. 9
REQUIRED MATERIAL
1) 12 Panel of pentagonal.
2) 20Panel of hexagonal.
3) Cotton thread.
4) Wax.
5) bladder.
REQUIRED TOOLS
1) 2-Needle
10. 10
STEP 1 - First off all we attach two hexagonal panel with printing
STEP 2 - Second step we do attach two hexagonal pattern with the help of
needle and wax, wax, is use for smoothing thread and water propones.
STEP 3 - We stitch one panel pentagonal and one hexagonal and other.
STEP 4 - We attach all pattern stitch step one and two, with the step 3rd panels.
Keep in mind that pentagonal panel we his in center of hexagonal panel. And we
stitch all components with tightness.
1 Pentagonal and 5 hexagonal panel
11. 11STEP 5 - After that stitch a round
component we stitch again two panels one
hexagonal and pentagonal each.
STEP 6 - Again we stitch two panels one
the hexagonal and stitch Panel with
hexagonal.
STEP 7 - Again we stitch two hexagonal
panel with each other.
STEP 8 - And again we stitch two joint
panel with the joint hexagonal and
pentagonal panel and again make like a
flower types component.
12. 12
STEP 9 - And we stitch in 9 step one of hexagonal and one pentagonal are keep
in mind that pentagonal cone put always done site and hexagonal base down site.
And stitch these types that hexagonal base and pentagonal cone. Rest in down
sire and at last we make a all prude in round safe both site we stitch with each
other.
STEP 10 - In step 10 we make half football. We stitch step 9 component
step 8 step component with prepared all and stitch with very smooth that we
stitch pentagonal patterns with two panels hexagonal and, hexagonal base and
that types we stitch around safe with like a flower. And after all panel stitch
we get half safe of football.
13. 13Half Safe
STEP 11 - Again we make half football 2nd panel then we stitch one
hexagonal kind. And we again make in round safe.
14. 14STEP:-12- Again we make half football or out port of football with
component a football.
football
22. 22I made these bags for all the craft projects I have on the go. The idea is
to fill them with everything you need to work on your project and
hang them out of the way on coat hangers in the
wardrobe ready to grab at a moment’s notice and start crafting.
The removable labels are to tell you what project is in what bag.
Alternatively, leave the label off altogether to use as a regular tote.
What we need
1/2 metre of fabric per bag
vinyl plastic*
cardboard or paper for labels
sewing tools, ruler / tape measure, scissors
etc
23. 23
Cut these pieces
2 x 45cm x 35cm pieces for the body of the bag
2 x 35cm x 6cm pieces for the handles
1 x 10cm x 6cm piece of vinyl
1 x 9cm x 5cm piece of cardboard
24. 24
Make the pocket
Using a ruler, find the horizontal
centre of your bag and pin your
plastic label in place. I put the label
about 9cm from the top of the bag.
Stitch around the three sides of the
label with a 3/8” seam leaving the
top open.
25. 25
Make the handles
Fold the handles in half lengthwise right sides
together and sew along the seam.
Turn the handles right side out. I find a chopstick
helpful for this job.
26. 26
Start the bag seam
This bag has a French seam, which makes the seam nice and tidy with no raw edges inside. Start by
sewing a 1/4” seam around the edge of the bag, leaving the top open, wrong sides together.
Trim the corners and the seams.
27. 27
Press
Turn the bag wrong side out and press the
seams. Be careful not to iron over the plastic as
the hot iron could melt it.
Press the handles.
finish the seam
While the bag is wrong side out, stitch a 3/8”
seam around the edges encasing the raw edges
within the seam.
Press.
28. 28Square off the bottom
Line up the side seams with the bottom seam to make a triangle. Pin and
measure 3cm from the tip of the triangle. Rule a line and sew along to
square off the bag bottom.
30. 30
Hem the top and add the handles
With the bag turned wrong side out, turn the top down about 1cm and press. Make sure the side
seams are facing the same way at the top as at the bottom of the bag.
Using your ruler, find the half way point on one side of your bag and measure 2cm either side of the
middle. Mark with a pencil.
Place your handles on
these marks.
Turn the hem down a
further 1cm over the
handles as pictured and
pin in place.
31. 31
Repeat on the other
side of the bag and
sew around the top
of the bag, securing
the hem.
32. 32
Turn the handles up and pin in
place.
Top stitch around the top of the
bag, securing the handles in place.
Finishing
34. 34REVERSIBLE BAG
Dimensions in approximate:
from top of straps to bottom of bag: 50 cm / 20 inches
height: 28 cm / 11 inches
width: 40 cm / 16 inches
36. 36
Put set B in set A, right sides
together, and sew around the
straps.
Stop stitching about 20 cm
before the tops of the straps.
If your machine has reverse
stitch, use it on each end of
stitching's to secure it.
Clip rounded corners
3
4
37. 37
Turn the right sides out through one of the straps. It will be a bit difficult at first and you’re
gonna wonder if you’re doing it right, but just keep doing it.
You will feel a thug and after that the bag will turn right sides out smoothly.
Pull out each of the remaining straps.
5
38. 38
Look! we almost have a bag!
Sew the straps of each set
together. I often
sew the straps absent-
mindedly and then
found out that I've attached
them wrong!
So please make sure that you
sew each
strap to the strap beside it,
NOT the strap
that is in front of it.
6 7
39. 39
Press the seams open. Fold seam
allowances on straps and press.
Also press edges of bag to make it easier
for topstitching. 8
40. 40
Match the tops seams together and pin all
open edges of straps.
You can also use fusible tapes to make sure
it is neat. But I will use pins here.
9
71. E-Reader Cover Pattern and Drawstring Charger Bag
The E-Reader cover pattern fits the Kindle, the Sony E-Reader, the Nook, and the Kobo.
This cover
pattern is very easy to make and comes with instructions to make a matching drawstring bag that fits
the charger for your E-Reader – perfect to carry if you are traveling! Finished size of the E-Reader
cover is approximately 6 ½” wide x 8 ½” high and the drawstring bag measures approximately 6 ¾”
wide x 6 ¾” high.
Pattern Pieces are included for the main body of the E-Reader Cover and the flap.
Pattern Piece #1 – Main body of the E-Reader Cover and lining
Pattern Piece #2 – Flap and flap lining of the E-Reader Cover
The pattern piece for the drawstring bag is not included. Measurements are 16 ½” wide x 10”
high
71
73. 73
Cutting Directions:
Cut 2 of Pattern Piece #1 (Main body of E-Reader cover) from
Main Fabric
Cut 2 of Pattern Piece #1 from Lining Fabric
Cut 1 of Pattern Piece #2 (Flap) from Main Fabric
Cut 1 of Pattern Piece #2 (Flap) from Lining Fabric
Cut 1 of the 16 ½”W x 10”H rectangle (Drawstring Bag) from
Main Fabric
Cut 1 of the 16 ½”W x 10”H rectangle (Drawstring Bag) from
Lining Fabric
Cut 2 pieces of Pattern Piece #1 from Iron-on Interfacing
Cut 1 piece of Pattern Piece #2 (Flap) from Interfacing
74. 74
Iron on the Interfacing to the wrong side of the 2 cut
pieces of Pattern Piece #1 (Outer main
fabric)
Iron on the Interfacing to the wrong side of the cut piece
of Pattern Piece #2 (Flap) (Outer
main fabric)
Place the 2 pieces of your main outer fabric with right
sides facing each other and sew around
3 sides with 5/8” seams, leaving the top open.
Turn bag right side out.
75. 75
Trim your sewn seam.
Turn right side out and press.
ATTACH FLAP TO MAIN BODY OF BAG:
Pin the top of the flap that you did NOT sew even with the
open top on one side of your main
bag with the right side of your flap facing the right side of
your main bag (Your main bag is
right side out).
Sew securely with a 1/4” seam, backstitching at each side.
76. 76
ASSEMBLE BAG LINING:
Place the 2 lining pieces from Pattern Piece #1 (Main
Bag) with right sides together and sew 3
sides (leaving top open) with ½” seam with the
exception of a 2” gap at the bottom of the
lining. Clip the 2 lower corners without cutting into the seams
and leave the lining wrong side out.
77. 77
ATTACH LOOP & TAPE:
Centre one section (loop) of your Velcro on the lining side of your flap. This will
be
approximately 3” in from both sides and ¾” down from the bottom curve of the
flap.
78. 78
PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER:
With your main bag right side out and the flap laying
flat against the back of your bag, pull the
lining up over the main bag until the raw edges of the
top of the bag and the raw edge of the
top of your lining are even.
79. 79
Sew as close to the edges as possible (1/4” seam) all the way around the top, connecting the
lining to the main bag. (In the illustration below, the main bag and the flap are inside the
lining).
Trim your top seam.
Pull your main bag out through the 2” gap that you left
in the bottom of your lining.
80. 80
Fold under the 2” gap at the bottom of your lining and press.
Sew as close to the edge as possible all the way across the
bottom of the lining.
Tuck the lining into the main bag and press along the top edge
of your bag.
Centre your decorative button on the flap and sew.
82. 82MAKING A DRAWSTRING CHARGER HOLDER:
Place the 2 cut pieces of the fabric measuring 16 ½” wide x 10” high with the right sides
together.
Sew around all 4 sides with a ½” seam, but leave a 2” gap along one of the shorter sides.
83. 83
Cut all 4 corners across (on the diagonal) being careful not to
cut into your seam.
Turn right side out through the 2” gap.
Fold under both sides of the 2” gap evenly and press the entire
bag.
With the lining side facing you, fold over the long top of your
bag approximately 1 ¼”, folding
from the main fabric to the lining fabric.
85. 85
1. Remove the pin.
2. With your lining fabric on the outside, fold
your bag in half, lining up the short ends
evenly.
86. 86
1. Turn your bag right side out with the main fabric now on
the outside of the bag.
2. Press drawstring bag but do not allow the iron to touch
your drawstring ribbon.
3. Treat the ends of the ribbon with Fray Check and allow
this to dry.
4. Tie knots at the ends of your ribbon.
93. 93Lets Make a Key Ring
Tools required
1. Clickingknife
2. Scissors
3. Hand punch
4. Button fixeror setter
5. Beading hammer
Material required
1. Leather
2. Synthetic or Fabrics
94. 94
1
2
1. Cut the pattern 1 & 2 accurateby using Clicking
knife or Scissors
2. Mark all puncheshole of both pattern
3. Create punchholes at marked areaby using hand
punch
95. 96
If every thins done according's to instruction
than the finalshape will
Look like that !!!