Learning is “a process that leads to change, which occurs as a result of experience and increases the potential for improved performance and future learning” (Ambrose et al, 2010, p. 3). The change in the learner may happen at the level of knowledge, attitude or behavior.

1. Learning
• A process that produces a relatively enduring
change in behavior or knowledge as a result of
past experience.
Conditioning
• The process of learning associations between
environmental events and behavioral
responses.

37. • Taking away a boy's recess privilege to stop his
disruption.

38. Reinforcing
stimulus
Aversive
stimulus
Stimulus
presented
Positive
reinforcement
Positive
punishment
Stimulus
removed
Negative
punishment
Negative
reinforcement