Learning outcome 1
The chronicity of COPD allows for self management by sufferers. (Spencer & Barcomb 2014). The self management goal is reduced hospital admissions and improved life quality (Bedra et al 2013). Sufferers should have access to a wide range of skills available from the multidisciplinary team. Those include exacerbation limitation, respiratory failure, chronic productive cough and anxiety and depression.
Symptom Recognition.
Patients discharged from hospital are susceptible to readmission (Bedra et al 2013). Understanding the condition and knowing when they are having an exacerbation is imperative for self management, and what to do in the given circumstances, and when and what medication to take, or realise they need hospital treatment.
Treatment.
The main form of treatments comes from inhaled therapies and explained below would be when they would be administered and their understandings are a major factor in self management.
For breathlessness and exercise limitations: A short acting Beta2 agonist (as required) or short acting muscarinic antagonist (as required).
For exacerbations or persistent breathlessness: A long acting beta2 agonist, long acting muscarinic antagonist, to – long acting beta2 agonist + inhaled corticosteroid (Combination Inhaler) OR a long acting muscarinic antagonist (must discontinue short acting antagonist once this is commenced).
(Remember if using Corticosteroids, this has no evidence of long terms benefits).
If experiencing persistent exacerbations or breathlessness. Long acting Muscarinic antagonist + long acting beta2 agonist and inhaled corticosteroid (combined inhaler).
Niesters et al, (2012) describe how oxygen therapy can also be used, but awareness of inappropriate oxygen therapy with COPD patients is imperative as this can cause respiratory depression.
Self Monitoring.
The British Thoracic Society (BTS) have identified five high impact actions that can improve outcomes for people being discharged after an acute exacerbation of COPD. The form is a quick way of identifying patients need for those interventions, ensuring their needs are met. The aim is for lessened hospital readmission rates with self monitoring patients. The five actions are;
Review of medication and demonstration of inhalers they will be using.
Provide a written Self Management plan and Emergency drug pack.
Asses and offer referral for smoking sensation.
Assess for suitability for pulmonary rehab.
Arrange a follow up call within 72 hours of discharge.
Educational Interventions.
Reardon et al, (2005) explain pulmonary rehabilitation as programs which work with patients to help manage their condition, muscle strength, ability to cope with their disease, help with social requirements as people can become quite isolated.
Test includes incremental shuttle walk a 10 metre course, consecutive runs, each time getting faster, measured how far they got, will give idea of what they can endure on the exercise programme th ...
โรคเรื้อรังเกี่ยวกับระบบทางเดินหายใจ นับว่าเป็นปัญหาสาธารณสุขที่กระทบต่อคุณภาพชีวิตประชาชนมากเป็นอันดับต้นๆ การพัฒนาระบบการดูแลที่เรียกว่า chronic care model นับว่าจะช่วยทั้ง health and well being คนไข้ ครอบครัว และช่วยทางด้าน equity efficiency ระบบบริการสาธารณสุขด้วย
Reducing Stroke Readmissions in Acute Care Setting.docxdanas19
Reducing Stroke Readmissions in Acute Care Setting
Contents
Introduction: 2
Objective of the study: 3
Readmission Factors: 3
Statins: 3
Long term care: 4
Demographics: 4
Personal Reflections: 4
Events: 4
Empirical Evidence: 6
Interventions for discharged patients: 6
TRACS: 7
COMPASS: 7
MISTT: 8
Clinical requirement: 8
Timeline: 8
Collaboration with the preceptor: 8
Proposed evaluative criteria: 9
Evaluative criteria discussed: 9
Conclusion: 9
Bibliography 10
Introduction:
Stroke refers to a cardiovascular disease which has been one of the leading reasons for deaths and long term disability. A stroke is an abrupt onset of a neurological deficit led by a vascular rupture or blockage that reduces the blood flow to brain. Subsequently, causing death to the tissue in the brain region if interruption of the blood flow persists. The indications of stroke vary, but may include the loss of function to one side of the body, the inability to speak or talk, and reduced vision or severe headache (Poston, 2018).
Issue: Discovery Research
Over time, the financial penalties on readmissions to the hospital have been taking place, which is promoting hospitals to take measures to reduce the instance of readmissions. A variety of interventions are taking place on different levels to ensure that pre and post discharge care is in place to avoid readmissions. The efficacy of interventions is dependent on the variety of components. Single component interventions are least effective and tend to have no effect on readmissions to the hospitals. Patients that are discharged to post-acute care accommodations are subjected to multi-component interventions and readmissions have dropped drastically. These interventions work through communication, advanced planning of care, and training to tackle simple medical issues that might cause readmissions. The availability of risk stratification methods have made it easier for the hospitals to give more care and attention to the patients that are more likely to get readmitted. Home based services are provided to ensure proper medical care for the patients.
This capstone project attempts to discuss the factors causing the readmissions of stroke patients to the hospitals. The past 20 years have proven to be important in acute and inpatient stroke care however, quality of post-acute care varies specially for the patients that are discharged to home. (Condon, Lycan, & Duncan, 2016). Different reasons for stroke readmissions are to be examined in this capstone project. Expected Outcomes: Discovery Research
This project aims to take into account the reasons of stroke and readmissions after being treated for stroke. Stroke is the second primary reason of readmissions in the hospital. Major readmissions comprise of elderly people. 20-70% people who survive stroke are readmitted in the first year of their treatment (Bravata, Ho, Meehan, & Brass, 2006). Poor health conditions and high treatment costs both account for the l.
Risk profiling, multiple long term conditions & complex patients, integrated ...Dr Bruce Pollington
Dr Bruce Pollington web-ex presentation to LTC QIPP programme
Utilising risk profiling, and risk stratification to identify patients with multiple long term conditions requiring complex care through integrated care teams.
โรคเรื้อรังเกี่ยวกับระบบทางเดินหายใจ นับว่าเป็นปัญหาสาธารณสุขที่กระทบต่อคุณภาพชีวิตประชาชนมากเป็นอันดับต้นๆ การพัฒนาระบบการดูแลที่เรียกว่า chronic care model นับว่าจะช่วยทั้ง health and well being คนไข้ ครอบครัว และช่วยทางด้าน equity efficiency ระบบบริการสาธารณสุขด้วย
Reducing Stroke Readmissions in Acute Care Setting.docxdanas19
Reducing Stroke Readmissions in Acute Care Setting
Contents
Introduction: 2
Objective of the study: 3
Readmission Factors: 3
Statins: 3
Long term care: 4
Demographics: 4
Personal Reflections: 4
Events: 4
Empirical Evidence: 6
Interventions for discharged patients: 6
TRACS: 7
COMPASS: 7
MISTT: 8
Clinical requirement: 8
Timeline: 8
Collaboration with the preceptor: 8
Proposed evaluative criteria: 9
Evaluative criteria discussed: 9
Conclusion: 9
Bibliography 10
Introduction:
Stroke refers to a cardiovascular disease which has been one of the leading reasons for deaths and long term disability. A stroke is an abrupt onset of a neurological deficit led by a vascular rupture or blockage that reduces the blood flow to brain. Subsequently, causing death to the tissue in the brain region if interruption of the blood flow persists. The indications of stroke vary, but may include the loss of function to one side of the body, the inability to speak or talk, and reduced vision or severe headache (Poston, 2018).
Issue: Discovery Research
Over time, the financial penalties on readmissions to the hospital have been taking place, which is promoting hospitals to take measures to reduce the instance of readmissions. A variety of interventions are taking place on different levels to ensure that pre and post discharge care is in place to avoid readmissions. The efficacy of interventions is dependent on the variety of components. Single component interventions are least effective and tend to have no effect on readmissions to the hospitals. Patients that are discharged to post-acute care accommodations are subjected to multi-component interventions and readmissions have dropped drastically. These interventions work through communication, advanced planning of care, and training to tackle simple medical issues that might cause readmissions. The availability of risk stratification methods have made it easier for the hospitals to give more care and attention to the patients that are more likely to get readmitted. Home based services are provided to ensure proper medical care for the patients.
This capstone project attempts to discuss the factors causing the readmissions of stroke patients to the hospitals. The past 20 years have proven to be important in acute and inpatient stroke care however, quality of post-acute care varies specially for the patients that are discharged to home. (Condon, Lycan, & Duncan, 2016). Different reasons for stroke readmissions are to be examined in this capstone project. Expected Outcomes: Discovery Research
This project aims to take into account the reasons of stroke and readmissions after being treated for stroke. Stroke is the second primary reason of readmissions in the hospital. Major readmissions comprise of elderly people. 20-70% people who survive stroke are readmitted in the first year of their treatment (Bravata, Ho, Meehan, & Brass, 2006). Poor health conditions and high treatment costs both account for the l.
Risk profiling, multiple long term conditions & complex patients, integrated ...Dr Bruce Pollington
Dr Bruce Pollington web-ex presentation to LTC QIPP programme
Utilising risk profiling, and risk stratification to identify patients with multiple long term conditions requiring complex care through integrated care teams.
Presentation by Janet Davies, Healthy Lancashire and South Cumbria: Can technology help to reduce emergency and unplanned admissions in respiratory?, at ECO 21 event at Haydock Park Racecourse on Thursday 12 December 2019.
News from the Coal Face: There’s light at the end of the tunnel. Presented by Dr Andrew Miller, General Practitioner, at HINZ 2014, 11 November 2014, 4.30pm, Marlborough Room
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD):
Post-Acute and Long-Term
Healthcare Setting
Presentation to Executive Leadership
1
Introduction: Major of Study
Master’s of Science in Nursing Generalist (MSN)
Analyze, Design, Implement, and Evaluate Nursing Care
Simplify the Complexity of Transitions in Care
Post-Acute /Long-Term Care Rehabilitation
Community Services/Dwelling
Clinic – Preventive and Palliative Care
Acute – Reducing Readmission Rates for Exacerbation of Chronic Illness
MSN competencies allow for a full analysis of design, implementation, and evaluation of nursing care to diverse populations and cohorts of patients, in clinical and community-based systems, (American Association of Colleges of Nursing [AACN], 2011).
As a Director of Nursing within the long-term care continuum, having a MSN degree will allow for the integration of findings from across the sciences and humanities, and will facilitate continuous improvement of nursing care at the unit, clinic, home, and program level (AACN, 2011).
The DON who acquires their MSN provides for a strong background in healthcare leadership, assessment, pharmacology, and pathophysiology in preparation to understand how the systems and organizational sciences can blend to meet the healthcare needs of a diverse population (AACN, 2011). This blending of core components will provide the knowledge necessary for transitioning patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) safely through their continuum of healthcare needs, within the micro-, meso-, and macrosystems of healthcare.
2
Introduction: Chronic Disease
COPD
Characteristics
Dyspnea
Exercise Intolerance
Shortness of Breath
Chronic Cough
Expiratory Exertional Effort – Force or Time
Sputum Production
Wheezing
Exposure to Risk Factors for the Disease
COPD is characterized by exertional effort, force or time, needed during the expiratory phase of the respiratory cycle, with the central symptoms being dyspnea, exercise intolerance, shortness of breath, chronic cough or sputum production, and/or exposure to risk factors for the disease, with the central sign being wheezing (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD], 2018; McCance, & Huether, 2014).
3
Introduction: COPD
Pathophysiology of COPD
Insult to Respiratory System
Airway Inflammation
WBC Enter Bronchial Wall
Pulmonary Edema
Enlarged Mucous Glands & Goblet Cells
Ciliary Impairment
Inability to Clear Airway
The pathophysiology of COPD involves the inspired agent resulting in airway inflammation, white blood cells enter the bronchial wall, leading to edema and enlarged mucous glands and goblet cells, which in turn impairs ciliary function, which results in the body being unable to clear the lungs of debris (McCance, & Huether, 2014).
4
Introduction: COPD
Risk Factors
Primary: Tobacco Use
Air Pollution
Genetic Factors
Abnormal Lung Development
Respiratory Infections
The primary risk factor for COPD is tobacco use, with other risk ...
Current State of Pain Management Services in Primary Care in the UKepicyclops
This lecture was given by Dr Martin Johnson, a General Practitioner from Barnsley, Yorkshire, to the North British Pain Association Spring Scientific Meeting in Edinburgh on Friday 18th May, 2007. This lecture forms part of a conference "Blurring the Boundaries - Managing Pain in Primary Care and Secondary Care".
www.wspg.org.uk
The Healthcare Team as the Healthcare Provider: A Different View of the Patie...guesta14581
Presentation to the Ohio State Society of Medical Assistant's annual convention about the Patient Centered Medical Home and the role of the medical assistant
According to the NASW Code of Ethics section 6.04 (NASW, 2008), .docxaryan532920
According to the NASW Code of Ethics section 6.04 (NASW, 2008), social workers are ethically bound to work for policies that support the healthy development of individuals, guarantee equal access to services, and promote social and economic justice.
For this Discussion
, review this week’s resources, including
Working with Survivors of Sexual Abuse and Trauma: The Case of Rita
and “The Johnson Family”. Consider what change you might make to the policies that affect the client in the case you chose. Finally, think about how you might evaluate the success of the policy changes.
By Day 3
Post
an explanation of one change you might make to the policies that affect the client in the case. Be sure to reference the case you selected in your post. Finally, explain how you might evaluate the success of the policy changes.
Working With Survivors of Sexual Abuse and Trauma: The Case of Rita
Rita is a 22-year-old, heterosexual, Latina female working in the hospitality industry at a resort. She is the youngest of five children and lives at home with her parents. Rita has dated in the past but never developed a serious relationship. She is close to her immediate and extended family as well as to her female friends in the Latino community. Although her parents and three of her siblings were born in the Dominican Republic, Rita was born in the United States.
A year ago, Rita was sexually assaulted by an acquaintance of a male coworker. Rita and a female coworker met Juan and Bob after work at a local bar for a light meal and a few drinks. Because Rita had to get up early to work her shift the next day, Bob offered to drive her home. Instead of taking Rita directly home, however, he drove to a desolate spot nearby and assaulted her. Afterward, Bob threatened to harm her family if she did not remain silent and proceeded to drive her home. Although Rita did not tell her family what happened, she did call our agency hotline the next day to discuss her options. Because Rita’s assault occurred within the 5-day window for forensic evidence collection of this kind, Rita consented to activation of the county’s sexual assault response team (SART). Although she agreed to have an advocate and the sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) meet her at the hospital, Rita tearfully stated that she did not want to file a police report at that time because she did not want to upset her family. The nurse examiner interviewed Rita, collected evidence, recorded any injuries, administered antibiotics for possible sexually transmitted infections, and gave Rita emergency contraception in case of pregnancy. The advocate stayed with Rita during the procedure, supporting her and validating her experience, and gave her a referral for individual crisis counseling at our agency.
My treatment goals for Rita included alleviation of rape trauma syndrome symptoms that included shame and self-blame, validation of self-worth and empowerment, and processing how it would feel to discl.
According to the text, crime has been part of the human condition si.docxaryan532920
According to the text, crime has been part of the human condition since people began to live in groups. Ancient documents indicate that conduct we now call murder, theft, or robbery was identified as criminal by civilizations that existed thousands of years ago. Criminal laws regulate human conduct and tell people what they can and cannot do and, in some instances, what they must do under certain circumstances. In this assignment, you will explore different types of criminal conduct and the goals of criminal law.
Write a four to six (4-6) page paper in which you:
Determine whether or not the Ex Post Facto Clause can be used as a defense to prohibit the increase in federal minimum/mandatory sentencing guidelines after a federal defendant has committed the crime. Provide a rationale to support your position.
Explain the distinction between criminal, tort, and moral wrongs. Next, support or criticize the premise that the standards set by moral laws are higher than those set by criminal law.
Identify and discuss the differences between solicitation of another to commit a crime and a conspiracy to commit a crime. Next, support or criticize the use of the unilateral approach to conspiracy convictions.
Identify the four (4) goals of criminal law, and discuss the manner in which these four goals effectuate the purpose of protecting the public and preventing the conviction of innocent persons.
Use at least three (3) quality academic resources in this assignment.
Note:
Wikipedia and similar types of websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
This course requires use of new
Strayer Writing Standards (SWS
). The format is different than other Strayer University courses. Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for details.
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow SWS or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student's name, the professor's name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Describe the nature and history of American criminal law.
Explain the role of individuals and federal, state, and local government agencies in crime fighting and prosecution of criminal offenses.
Analyze the essential legal elements of criminal conduct.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in criminal law.
Write clearly and concisely about criminal law using proper writing mechanics.
.
More Related Content
Similar to Learning outcome 1The chronicity of COPD allows for self manage.docx
Presentation by Janet Davies, Healthy Lancashire and South Cumbria: Can technology help to reduce emergency and unplanned admissions in respiratory?, at ECO 21 event at Haydock Park Racecourse on Thursday 12 December 2019.
News from the Coal Face: There’s light at the end of the tunnel. Presented by Dr Andrew Miller, General Practitioner, at HINZ 2014, 11 November 2014, 4.30pm, Marlborough Room
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD):
Post-Acute and Long-Term
Healthcare Setting
Presentation to Executive Leadership
1
Introduction: Major of Study
Master’s of Science in Nursing Generalist (MSN)
Analyze, Design, Implement, and Evaluate Nursing Care
Simplify the Complexity of Transitions in Care
Post-Acute /Long-Term Care Rehabilitation
Community Services/Dwelling
Clinic – Preventive and Palliative Care
Acute – Reducing Readmission Rates for Exacerbation of Chronic Illness
MSN competencies allow for a full analysis of design, implementation, and evaluation of nursing care to diverse populations and cohorts of patients, in clinical and community-based systems, (American Association of Colleges of Nursing [AACN], 2011).
As a Director of Nursing within the long-term care continuum, having a MSN degree will allow for the integration of findings from across the sciences and humanities, and will facilitate continuous improvement of nursing care at the unit, clinic, home, and program level (AACN, 2011).
The DON who acquires their MSN provides for a strong background in healthcare leadership, assessment, pharmacology, and pathophysiology in preparation to understand how the systems and organizational sciences can blend to meet the healthcare needs of a diverse population (AACN, 2011). This blending of core components will provide the knowledge necessary for transitioning patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) safely through their continuum of healthcare needs, within the micro-, meso-, and macrosystems of healthcare.
2
Introduction: Chronic Disease
COPD
Characteristics
Dyspnea
Exercise Intolerance
Shortness of Breath
Chronic Cough
Expiratory Exertional Effort – Force or Time
Sputum Production
Wheezing
Exposure to Risk Factors for the Disease
COPD is characterized by exertional effort, force or time, needed during the expiratory phase of the respiratory cycle, with the central symptoms being dyspnea, exercise intolerance, shortness of breath, chronic cough or sputum production, and/or exposure to risk factors for the disease, with the central sign being wheezing (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD], 2018; McCance, & Huether, 2014).
3
Introduction: COPD
Pathophysiology of COPD
Insult to Respiratory System
Airway Inflammation
WBC Enter Bronchial Wall
Pulmonary Edema
Enlarged Mucous Glands & Goblet Cells
Ciliary Impairment
Inability to Clear Airway
The pathophysiology of COPD involves the inspired agent resulting in airway inflammation, white blood cells enter the bronchial wall, leading to edema and enlarged mucous glands and goblet cells, which in turn impairs ciliary function, which results in the body being unable to clear the lungs of debris (McCance, & Huether, 2014).
4
Introduction: COPD
Risk Factors
Primary: Tobacco Use
Air Pollution
Genetic Factors
Abnormal Lung Development
Respiratory Infections
The primary risk factor for COPD is tobacco use, with other risk ...
Current State of Pain Management Services in Primary Care in the UKepicyclops
This lecture was given by Dr Martin Johnson, a General Practitioner from Barnsley, Yorkshire, to the North British Pain Association Spring Scientific Meeting in Edinburgh on Friday 18th May, 2007. This lecture forms part of a conference "Blurring the Boundaries - Managing Pain in Primary Care and Secondary Care".
www.wspg.org.uk
The Healthcare Team as the Healthcare Provider: A Different View of the Patie...guesta14581
Presentation to the Ohio State Society of Medical Assistant's annual convention about the Patient Centered Medical Home and the role of the medical assistant
Similar to Learning outcome 1The chronicity of COPD allows for self manage.docx (20)
According to the NASW Code of Ethics section 6.04 (NASW, 2008), .docxaryan532920
According to the NASW Code of Ethics section 6.04 (NASW, 2008), social workers are ethically bound to work for policies that support the healthy development of individuals, guarantee equal access to services, and promote social and economic justice.
For this Discussion
, review this week’s resources, including
Working with Survivors of Sexual Abuse and Trauma: The Case of Rita
and “The Johnson Family”. Consider what change you might make to the policies that affect the client in the case you chose. Finally, think about how you might evaluate the success of the policy changes.
By Day 3
Post
an explanation of one change you might make to the policies that affect the client in the case. Be sure to reference the case you selected in your post. Finally, explain how you might evaluate the success of the policy changes.
Working With Survivors of Sexual Abuse and Trauma: The Case of Rita
Rita is a 22-year-old, heterosexual, Latina female working in the hospitality industry at a resort. She is the youngest of five children and lives at home with her parents. Rita has dated in the past but never developed a serious relationship. She is close to her immediate and extended family as well as to her female friends in the Latino community. Although her parents and three of her siblings were born in the Dominican Republic, Rita was born in the United States.
A year ago, Rita was sexually assaulted by an acquaintance of a male coworker. Rita and a female coworker met Juan and Bob after work at a local bar for a light meal and a few drinks. Because Rita had to get up early to work her shift the next day, Bob offered to drive her home. Instead of taking Rita directly home, however, he drove to a desolate spot nearby and assaulted her. Afterward, Bob threatened to harm her family if she did not remain silent and proceeded to drive her home. Although Rita did not tell her family what happened, she did call our agency hotline the next day to discuss her options. Because Rita’s assault occurred within the 5-day window for forensic evidence collection of this kind, Rita consented to activation of the county’s sexual assault response team (SART). Although she agreed to have an advocate and the sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) meet her at the hospital, Rita tearfully stated that she did not want to file a police report at that time because she did not want to upset her family. The nurse examiner interviewed Rita, collected evidence, recorded any injuries, administered antibiotics for possible sexually transmitted infections, and gave Rita emergency contraception in case of pregnancy. The advocate stayed with Rita during the procedure, supporting her and validating her experience, and gave her a referral for individual crisis counseling at our agency.
My treatment goals for Rita included alleviation of rape trauma syndrome symptoms that included shame and self-blame, validation of self-worth and empowerment, and processing how it would feel to discl.
According to the text, crime has been part of the human condition si.docxaryan532920
According to the text, crime has been part of the human condition since people began to live in groups. Ancient documents indicate that conduct we now call murder, theft, or robbery was identified as criminal by civilizations that existed thousands of years ago. Criminal laws regulate human conduct and tell people what they can and cannot do and, in some instances, what they must do under certain circumstances. In this assignment, you will explore different types of criminal conduct and the goals of criminal law.
Write a four to six (4-6) page paper in which you:
Determine whether or not the Ex Post Facto Clause can be used as a defense to prohibit the increase in federal minimum/mandatory sentencing guidelines after a federal defendant has committed the crime. Provide a rationale to support your position.
Explain the distinction between criminal, tort, and moral wrongs. Next, support or criticize the premise that the standards set by moral laws are higher than those set by criminal law.
Identify and discuss the differences between solicitation of another to commit a crime and a conspiracy to commit a crime. Next, support or criticize the use of the unilateral approach to conspiracy convictions.
Identify the four (4) goals of criminal law, and discuss the manner in which these four goals effectuate the purpose of protecting the public and preventing the conviction of innocent persons.
Use at least three (3) quality academic resources in this assignment.
Note:
Wikipedia and similar types of websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
This course requires use of new
Strayer Writing Standards (SWS
). The format is different than other Strayer University courses. Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for details.
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow SWS or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student's name, the professor's name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Describe the nature and history of American criminal law.
Explain the role of individuals and federal, state, and local government agencies in crime fighting and prosecution of criminal offenses.
Analyze the essential legal elements of criminal conduct.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in criminal law.
Write clearly and concisely about criminal law using proper writing mechanics.
.
According to Ronald Story and Bruce Laurie, The dozen years between.docxaryan532920
According to Ronald Story and Bruce Laurie, “The dozen years between 1968 and 1980 marked more than the beginning of Republican ascendency; they also saw the breakup of the New Deal coalition and the advent of conservative domination of American politics.” (CP 139).
In this essay, you should explain,
first
, how it is that conservatives came to dominate American politics by the 1980s and,
second
,
how the ideas and policies they embraced shaped American society into the twenty first century.
Rules:
1. 3-4 pages
2. Double spaced, 12-point font
3. Standard margins—Approximately 1.25 on left and right margins and 1 on top and bottom
4. In crafting your essay, you will want to construct a clear thesis and draw on evidence from the sources described below.
5.
Only
use these sources below.
Sources:
Context: The Close of the 1960s
1. The black cat tavern and the LGBT Movement
Link:
https://www.npr.org/2017/02/13/514935126/stonewall-riots-grab-the-spotlight-from-black-cat-protests
2. ESPN Sport center on Katherine Switzwer
Link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6CoScOIK_I
3. Crisis in the Cities and 1968.pdf (attachment)
4. Excerpt from MLK’s final Speech in 1968
Link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oehry1JC9Rk
5. Vietnam-The path to war.pdf (attachment)
The Rediscovery of the Market: Conservative Politics and Policies
6. Alfred Kahn’s Legacy: Cheap Flights
Link:
https://www.npr.org/2010/12/29/132422495/alfred-kahns-legacy-cheap-flights
7. A Second Gilded Age?.pdf (attachment)
.
According to Kirk (2016), most of your time will be spent work with .docxaryan532920
According to Kirk (2016), most of your time will be spent work with your data. The four following group actions were mentioned by Kirk (2016):
Data acquisition: Gathering the raw material
Data examination: Identifying physical properties and meaning
Data transformation: Enhancing your data through modification and consolidation
Data exploration: Using exploratory analysis and research techniques to learn
Select 1 data action and elaborate on the actions performed in that action group.
Reference: Kirk, A. (2016). Data Visualisation: A Handbook for Data Driven Design (p. 50). SAGE Publications.
.
According to the Council on Social Work Education, Competency 5 Eng.docxaryan532920
According to the Council on Social Work Education, Competency 5: Engage in Policy Practice:
Social workers understand that human rights and social justice, as well as social welfare and services, are mediated by policy and its implementation at the federal, state, and local levels. Social workers understand the history and current structures of social policies and services, the role of policy in service delivery, and the role of practice in policy development. Social workers understand their role in policy development and implementation within their practice settings at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels and they actively engage in policy practice to effect change within those settings. Social workers recognize and understand the historical, social, cultural, economic, organizational, environmental, and global influences that affect social policy. They are also knowledgeable about policy formulation, analysis, implementation, and evaluation.
Walden’s MSW program expects students in their specialization year to be able to:
Evaluate the implication of policies and policy change in the lives of clients/constituents.
Demonstrate critical thinking skills that can be used to inform policymakers and influence policies that impact clients/constituents and services.
This assignment is intended to help students demonstrate the behavioral components of this competency in their field education.
To prepare
: Working with your field instructor, identify a social problem that is common among the organization (or its clients) and research current policies at that state and federal levels that impact the social problem. Then, from a position of advocacy, identify methods to address the social problem (i.e., how you, as a social worker, and the agency advocate to change the problem). You are expected to specifically address how both you and the agency can effectively engage policy makers to make them aware of the social problem and the impact that the policies have on the agency and clients.
The Assignment (2-3 pages): Social Problems is Ex-cons finding Jobs Opportunities in State of California. The Agency is Called "Manifest" the website is Manifest.org
Identify the social problem
Explain rational for selecting social problem
Describe state and federal policies that impact the social problem
Identify specific methods to address the social problems
Explain how the agency and student can advocate to change the social problem
You are expected to present and discuss this assignment with your agency Field Instructor. Your field instructor will be evaluating your ability to demonstrate this competency in their field evaluation. In addition, you will submit this assignment for classroom credit. The Field Liaison will grade the assignment “PASS/FAIL,” see rubric for passing criteria.
.
According to Kirk (2016), most of our time will be spent working.docxaryan532920
According to Kirk (2016), most of our time will be spent working with our data. The four following group actions were mentioned by Kirk (2016):
Book: Kirk, A. (2016). Data visualisation a handbook for data driven design. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
Data acquisition: Gathering the raw material
Data examination: Identifying physical properties and meaning
Data transformation: Enhancing your data through modification and consolidation
Data exploration: Using exploratory analysis and research techniques to learn
Select 1 data action and elaborate on the actions preformed in that action group.
.
According to Kirk (2016), most of your time will be spent working wi.docxaryan532920
According to Kirk (2016), most of your time will be spent working with your data. The four following group actions were mentioned by Kirk (2016):
Data acquisition: Gathering the raw material
Data examination: Identifying physical properties and meaning
Data transformation: Enhancing your data through modification and consolidation
Data exploration: Using exploratory analysis and research techniques to learn
Select 1 data action and elaborate on the actions preformed in that action group.
.
According to Davenport (2014) the organizational value of healthcare.docxaryan532920
According to Davenport (2014) the organizational value of healthcare analytics, both determination and importance, provide a potential increase in annual revenue and ROI based on the value and use of analytics. To complete this assignment, research and evaluate the challenges faced in the implementation of healthcare analytics in the Health Care Organization (HCO) or health care industry using the following tools:
The paper must also address the following:
Application of PICO (problem, intervention, comparison group, and outcomes) to the challenge identified in your research.
The paper:
Must be two to four double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
Ashford Writing Center. (Links to an external site.)
Must include a separate title page with the following:
Title of paper
Student’s name
Course name and number
Instructor’s name
Date submitted
Must use at least three scholarly sources in addition to the course text.
Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
.
According to the authors, privacy and security go hand in hand; .docxaryan532920
According to the authors, privacy and security go hand in hand; and hence, privacy cannot be protected without implementing proper security controls and technologies. Today, organizations must make not only reasonable efforts to offer protection of privacy of data, but also must go much further as privacy breaches are damaging to its customers, reputation, and potentially could put the company out of business. As we continue learning from our various professional areas of practice, its no doubt that breaches have become an increasing concern to many businesses and their future operations. Taking Cyberattacks proliferation of 2011 into context, security experts at Intel/McAfee discovered huge series of cyberattacks on the networks of 72 organizations globally, including the United Nations, governments and corporations.
Q: From this research revelation in our chapter 11, briefly state and name the countries and organizations identified as the targeted victims?
.
According to Gilbert and Troitzsch (2005), Foundations of Simula.docxaryan532920
According to Gilbert and Troitzsch (2005), Foundations of Simulation Modeling, a simulation model is a computer program that captures the behavior of a real-world system and its input and possible output processes.
Briefly explain what the simulation modeling relies upon?
-500 words at least.
-No Plagiarism.
-APA Format.
.
According to Klein (2016), using ethical absolutism and ethical .docxaryan532920
According to Klein (2016), using ethical absolutism and ethical relativism in ethical decision making can lead to different outcomes. How can moral reasoning about a specific situation differ based on relativism or absolutism? Can you provide an illustration or example of an accounting procedure/situation whose outcome may differ based on absolutism or relativism? Is ethical relativism a more suitable standard within a global IFRS Environment? Why or why not?
at least 250 words
.
According to Franks and Smallwood (2013), information has become.docxaryan532920
According to Franks and Smallwood (2013), information has become the lifeblood of every business organization, and that an increasing volume of information today has increased and exchanged through the use of social networks and Web2.0 tools like blogs, microblogs, and wikis. When looking at social media in the enterprise, there is a notable difference in functionality between e-mail and social media, and has been documented by research – “…that social media differ greatly from e-mail use due to its maturity and stability.” (Franks & Smallwood, 2013).
Provide a page response identifying and clearly stating what the difference are? APA Standard, 2 page response, not including front page and references.
.
According to the Council on Social Work Education, Competency 5.docxaryan532920
According to the Council on Social Work Education, Competency 5: Engage in Policy Practice:
Social workers understand that human rights and social justice, as well as social welfare and services, are mediated by policy and its implementation at the federal, state, and local levels. Social workers understand the history and current structures of social policies and services, the role of policy in service delivery, and the role of practice in policy development. Social workers understand their role in policy development and implementation within their practice settings at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels and they actively engage in policy practice to effect change within those settings. Social workers recognize and understand the historical, social, cultural, economic, organizational, environmental, and global influences that affect social policy. They are also knowledgeable about policy formulation, analysis, implementation, and evaluation. Social workers:
Identify social policy at the local, state, and federal level that impacts well-being, service delivery, and access to social services;
Assess how social welfare and economic policies impact the delivery of and access to social services;
Apply critical thinking to analyze, formulate, and advocate for policies that advance human rights and social, economic, and environmental justice.
This assignment is intended to help students demonstrate the behavioral components of this competency in their field education.
To prepare: Working with your field instructor, identify, evaluate, and discuss policies established by the local, state, and federal government (within the last five years) that affect the day to day operations of the field placement agency.
The Assignment (1-2 pages): (In The States California. The Good Seed is a Drop-In center for 18-25 years!
Describe the policies and their impact on the field agency.
Propose specific recommendations regarding how you, as a social work intern, and the agency can advocate for policies pertaining to advancing social justice for the agency and the clients it serves.
.
According to the authors, privacy and security go hand in hand; and .docxaryan532920
According to the authors, privacy and security go hand in hand; and hence, privacy cannot be protected without implementing proper security controls and technologies. Today, organizations must make not only reasonable efforts to offer protection of privacy of data, but also must go much further as privacy breaches are damaging to its customers, reputation, and potentially could put the company out of business. As we continue learning from our various professional areas of practice, its no doubt that breaches have become an increasing concern to many businesses and their future operations. Taking Cyberattacks proliferation of 2011 into context, security experts at Intel/McAfee discovered huge series of cyberattacks on the networks of 72 organizations globally, including the United Nations, governments and corporations.
From this research revelation in our chapter 11, briefly state and name the countries and organizations identified as the targeted victims?
Use the APA format to include your references. Each paragraph should have different references and each para should have at least 4 sentences.
.
According to recent surveys, China, India, and the Philippines are t.docxaryan532920
According to recent surveys, China, India, and the Philippines are the three most popular countries for IT outsourcing. Write a short paper (4 paragraphs) explaining what the appeal would be for US companies to outsource IT functions to these countries. You may discuss cost, labor pool, language, or possibly government support as your reasons. There are many other reasons you may choose to highlight in your paper. Be sure to use your own words.
Must be in APA format with references and citations.
.
According to the authors, countries that lag behind the rest of the .docxaryan532920
According to the authors, countries that lag behind the rest of the world’s ICT capabilities encounter difficulties at various levels. Discuss specific areas, both within and outside, eGovernance, in which citizens living in a country that lags behind the rest of the world in ICT capacity are lacking. Include in your discussion quality of life, sustainability, safety, affluence, and any other areas that you find of interest. Use at least 8-10 sentences to discuss this topic.
.
According to Peskin et al. (2013) in our course reader, Studies on .docxaryan532920
According to Peskin et al. (2013) in our course reader, "Studies on early health risk factors, including prenatal nicotine/alcohol exposure, birth complications, and minor physical anomalies have found that these risk factors significantly increase the likelihood of anti-social and criminal behavior throughout life." What policy changes might you suggest to help curtail the occurrence or effects of these risk factors? Remember to think about public health policy, not just criminal policy.
.
According to Franks and Smallwood (2013), information has become the.docxaryan532920
According to Franks and Smallwood (2013), information has become the lifeblood of every business organization, and that an increasing volume of information today has increased and exchanged through the use of social networks and Web2.0 tools like blogs, microblogs, and wikis. When looking at social media in the enterprise, there is a notable difference in functionality between e-mail and social media, and has been documented by research – “…that social media differ greatly from e-mail use due to its maturity and stability.” (Franks & Smallwood, 2013).
Q: Please identify and clearly state what the difference is?
Use the APA format to include your references. Each paragraph should have different references and each para should have at least 4 sentences.
.
According to Ang (2011), how is Social Media management differen.docxaryan532920
According to Ang (2011), how is Social Media management different than traditional Customer Relationship Management (CRM)? Define the four pillars of social media (connectivity, conversations, content creation and collaboration) and analyze how each pillar can be used to aid Social Media management. Identify the benefits Social Media management. Provide examples to illustrate each point.
The paper must be 1-2 pages in length (excluding title and reference page) and in APA (6th edition) format. The paper must include the Ang (2011) article in correct APA format.
.
According to (Alsaidi & Kausar (2018), It is expected that by 2020,.docxaryan532920
According to (Alsaidi & Kausar (2018), "It is expected that by 2020, around 25 billion objects will become the part of global IoT network, which will pose new challenges in securing IoT systems. It will become an easy target for hackers as these systems are often deployed in an uncontrolled and hostile environment. The main security challenges in IoT environment are authorization, privacy, authentication, admission control, system conformation, storage, and administration" (p. 213).
Discuss and describe the difference between a black hole attack and a wormhole attack.
.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Learning outcome 1The chronicity of COPD allows for self manage.docx
1. Learning outcome 1
The chronicity of COPD allows for self management by
sufferers. (Spencer & Barcomb 2014). The self management
goal is reduced hospital admissions and improved life quality
(Bedra et al 2013). Sufferers should have access to a wide range
of skills available from the multidisciplinary team. Those
include exacerbation limitation, respiratory failure, chronic
productive cough and anxiety and depression.
Symptom Recognition.
Patients discharged from hospital are susceptible to readmission
(Bedra et al 2013). Understanding the condition and knowing
when they are having an exacerbation is imperative for self
management, and what to do in the given circumstances, and
when and what medication to take, or realise they need hospital
treatment.
Treatment.
The main form of treatments comes from inhaled therapies and
explained below would be when they would be administered and
their understandings are a major factor in self management.
For breathlessness and exercise limitations: A short acting
Beta2 agonist (as required) or short acting muscarinic
antagonist (as required).
For exacerbations or persistent breathlessness: A long acting
beta2 agonist, long acting muscarinic antagonist, to – long
acting beta2 agonist + inhaled corticosteroid (Combination
Inhaler) OR a long acting muscarinic antagonist (must
discontinue short acting antagonist once this is commenced).
(Remember if using Corticosteroids, this has no evidence of
long terms benefits).
If experiencing persistent exacerbations or breathlessness. Long
acting Muscarinic antagonist + long acting beta2 agonist and
inhaled corticosteroid (combined inhaler).
Niesters et al, (2012) describe how oxygen therapy can also be
used, but awareness of inappropriate oxygen therapy with
2. COPD patients is imperative as this can cause respiratory
depression.
Self Monitoring.
The British Thoracic Society (BTS) have identified five high
impact actions that can improve outcomes for people being
discharged after an acute exacerbation of COPD. The form is a
quick way of identifying patients need for those interventions,
ensuring their needs are met. The aim is for lessened hospital
readmission rates with self monitoring patients. The five actions
are;
Review of medication and demonstration of inhalers they will
be using.
Provide a written Self Management plan and Emergency drug
pack.
Asses and offer referral for smoking sensation.
Assess for suitability for pulmonary rehab.
Arrange a follow up call within 72 hours of discharge.
Educational Interventions.
Reardon et al, (2005) explain pulmonary rehabilitation as
programs which work with patients to help manage their
condition, muscle strength, ability to cope with their disease,
help with social requirements as people can become quite
isolated.
Test includes incremental shuttle walk a 10 metre course,
consecutive runs, each time getting faster, measured how far
they got, will give idea of what they can endure on the exercise
programme they can tale part in – all hoping to improve fitness
and quality of life, breaking the cycle of not doing any exercise
at home due to fear of becoming breathless, which will just be
contributing to worsening of symptoms. The aim is to make the
3. patient breathless, so they can teach them how to cope when
they are having difficulty breathing at home. It also reduces the
risk of heart attack, stroke, and diabetes.
Lifestyle Modifications.
Sufferers need to be aware that regular exercise at home is
important. They need to look at their lifestyle, and stay as
healthy and positive minded as they can as this will help keep
the illness at bay. Smoking is a min contributing factor in the
disease and should be stopped. Nicotine replacement should be
offered and information on groups such as smoking sensation.
Leaning outcome 2
Any deterioration in a patient’s condition is an extremely
worrying and stressful time for all involved: Patent, families
and nursing staff alike. It is at this time when families can
extremely worried, upset and stressed with the situation and
they will be looking at the staff, expecting superlative care for
their loved ones, they will be watching and listening to
everything the Nurse says and does.
Care planning must be put in place beforehand, with the views
and opinions of the patient at the forefront of any decisions that
will be made. How they want to be nursed, where they want to
be nursed, and inventively where they want to die should all be
decided beforehand.
The National Institute of Health (NICE) has guidelines in place
named: Medicines adherence: involving patients in decisions
about prescribed medicines and supporting adherence. (NICE,
2009). This should be followed when decisions are made about
the treatments that are to be used on patients – and also when
treatment will be stopped when end of life approaching.
The topic of Concordance is related to this type of scenario.
Concordance is not to comply or to adhere to something - it is a
way of working together with people and should be seen as the
ethical goal of everyone involved. It is imperative that shared
decision making is used within the NHS and should be
4. undertaken without question at all times. (Coulter & Collins,
2011).
Gaining an understanding of someone’s health beliefs is not
always a priority for the nurse. Latter (2011) explains that
periodically, the chain of though can be pointing in another
direction and perhaps to real consideration is given to the
patients beliefs.
Nevertheless, Stenner et al, (2011) clarify that regardless of the
quantity of information the patient or family require, when it
comes to the decision makings on treatments – the professional
judgement of the nurse was preferred by the majority, but the
fact that the nurse has explained the various treatments
available and there is an understanding of them, gives the
patient and family a feeling of inclusion and satisfaction that
they know the best care is being given.
Although Nursing staff are not seen as qualified councillors,
one aspect of their role they need to make in response to end of
life care is to council the family, they will need and expect you
to talk them through their grief, explain in detail what
happening any why, and be there for them in whatever means
necessary in the moment following the death of the patient.
Meerabeau & Wright, (2011) describe the moment – life as that
family know it, has changed dramatically, and will never be the
same again. They may have known death was coming, but until
the moment it happens that is when it hits them and they are
suddenly confronted with the reality of the situation.
Leaning outcome 3
The Telehealth system was launched in the UK in 2008 as a way
of caring for the increasing numbers of patients using the NHS.
Targeted users were to be the likes of elderly patients and those
with a long term condition irrelevant of their age. Rural
The Department of Health (2012) insist that if it is used
properly the savings on the NHS budget are vast. Accident and
Emergency admissions are lower, as are elective admissions.
5. They also state that there has been a large drop in mortality
rates in areas where the system has been implemented and is
used efficiently.
Sanders et al, (2012) define Telehealth as an intervention which
will ‘allow remote exchange of data’ and additional information
between a patient and a healthcare professional assisting in the
diagnosis and management of an individual’s health condition.
Patients in remote areas of the UK and those with limited
services nearby, as well as patients who have difficulty
accessing their local services are already benefiting from the
service.
Ekeland et al, (2010) undertook a study in order to calculate the
effectiveness of the system. Results were extremely positive
throughout, and it was proved to be very cost effective, user
friendly and patient feedback was constructive and encouraging
for the service.
A second study, by Wooton, (2011) looked at patients with
various long term conditions: they included COPD, Pulmonary
Disease, Asthma, Diabetes, Hypertension and Heart Failure. The
study investigated the numbers of sufferers with each condition,
the type of Telehealth interventions used – along with
intervention timings and patient outcomes. End figures found
that 99% of the outcomes were in approval of the service, all
experiencing improved results from previous periods when the
service had not been available. Outcomes of the study had been
based on worsening, equivalent or improvement on before
implementation of the service in their homes.
More commonly recognised is the NHS 24 service,
incorporating the Scottish Centre for Telehealth and Telecare
(SCTT), it is the national provider of telehealth services in
Scotland. An alternative service form the previous emergency
number (999), it is contact point for members of the public who
are requiring medical assistance or just medical advice. Contact
to the service can be made by telephone, online and even
through digital television channels. (Johansen, 2012).
6. The online version of the service (nhsinform.co.uk) provides
quality assured health information, it has a sister website
specifically for care of the elderly queries,
(careinfoscotland.co.uk). The main service is the telephone
based system and has professionals available and ready to take
your call and guide you through your query – saving you from
an unnecessary trip to the doctor or even calling an ambulance
through panic of not knowing what is wrong or what to do. Staff
at the end of the phone includes nurse practitioners, health
information providers, pharmacists, dental nursing staff,
counsellors and self help coaches.
Staff provide a complete telephone triage and consultation
review and undertake high level, on the spot decision making.
Leaning outcome 4 a
As a country the government recognises the need to improve the
health of the population as well as save money, the National
Health Service (NHS) is struggling to cope with the numbers
that are already using it, people are living longer, illnesses that
go with old age are becoming more common, there are
insufficient funds to give To the NHS and it is already proving
to be working at unacceptable levels. Health improvements
need to made, improvement activities set up, primary and
secondary tertiary prevention, delivered in health care – in the
hope that a person or people will adopt and maintain a healthier
lifestyle or even be aware and have an understanding of their
health in general.
The challenges surrounding the deliverance of reliable and
approachable high quality healthcare and recuperating the
health of the population are linked with the high expectations
expected from people, with most needing implementation of
lifestyle changes, demographic change, the ageing population
and the economic climate which goes hand in hand with
financial constraints for the majority of the target users of the
service. A report by Layard et al, 2006 recognised a twelve
7. million pound loss of output through depression alone in UK.
This is mirrored by the World Health Organisation (2010) have
highlighted the importance of promoting mental health issues in
order to connect with people – enabling them to realise the life
changes and improvements they need to undertake to improve
their health. Explained further National Institute for Health and
Care Excellence (NICE) where they have included a model of
stepped care for depression with related outcomes of getting fit
and healthy.
The Marmot Review (2010) argues that inequalities in health
are linked with inequalities in society; therefore the degree
health inequality is indicative of ‘how far society has come.’
Inequalities in our society are numerically vast, and this alone
is proving to be a hurdle within anticipatory care planning for
those involved. The WHO initiative, Improving Access to
Psychosocial Therapies (IAPD) (2008) illustrates how such
policies, aimed at reducing health inequalities can be
implemented. Whilst the health of the population as a whole is
important and recognised, Specific areas in the country are seen
as ‘target areas’ for initiatives, areas that are seen in society as
poorer or deprived as usually statistically higher in ill health,
both mentally and physically. Increased mortality rates are also
linked to such areas. Layard et al (2006). The recognition for
health implementation is worldwide and not specific to the UK,
and the WHO describes similar execution problems which are
linked to psychosocial issues. Links with material
circumstances such as home owning, income average in specific
areas, human genetics and family history surrounding attitudes
to health and undertaking lifestyle changes.
The Healthcare Quality Strategy for NHS Scotland (2010), their
ultimate was to deliver the highest quality healthcare services to
the Scottish population ensuring that the NHS Scotland is
recognised worldwide for its standards. Delivering the best care
is at the centre of their values and has been described in Better
Health Better Care.
8. Through taking action they expect to see calculable
improvements in the key indicators of healthcare quality.
A project by the NHS Scotland called ‘Have a Heart Paisley’
undertook population screening for ascertainment, health advice
and reviews with recommendations to specific programmes.
Healthy eating, exercise classes and smoking sensation groups
were all involved in recruiting.
This was developed from anticipatory care strategies that had
been drawn up by the Health Service to try and improve the
health of the people of Paisley – and stop them from becoming
part of the statistics regarding sufferers of long term conditions.
(Health Scotland 2007).
Watt, O’Donnell and Sridharan (2011) describe the philosophy
of anticipatory care as going in conjunction with increased
evidence and theory regarding the health condition of the
population – government challenge to bring together the
strengths of primary medical care and the improvement of
health, health education as a whole. Anticipatory care continued
and continues to evolve in the country. The health needs of the
nation grow in par with the population numbers.
Leaning outcome 4 b
The holistic assessment of a patient, does not just take the
patient and the given illness in to account. Investigating the
bigger picture surrounding the patient is also taken into account
- this includes their given circumstances, assessment, diagnosis,
and incorporating as much about them into the plan as is
possible. This would make it easier to identify any changes in a
patient’s condition at any given time in the future.
Roper Logan and Tierney, (LRT) (2000) base their model on the
five main concepts, lifespan, daily living, dependence /
independence, influencing factors on daily living activities. The
9. factors which influence our undertaking of daily living
activities (psychological, sociocultural, biological,
environmental and politico economic) are included as each one
has specific influencing factors on how we undertake our daily
living skills. (Roper, Logan & Tierney 1996). This model
supports holistic assessment and care planning in anticipatory
care. Williams (2015) explains that looking at the whole patient
scenario is imperative – it follows the LRT model of nursing,
she describes it as a practice centred theoretical model
‘grounded in realism and accessibility.’ The RLT model is used
widely throughout the UK. It applies the nursing process –
assessment, diagnosis, planning, intervention and evaluation,
and is commonly used as a guide for the nurse when
undertaking a holistic patient assessment that serves as a basis
for care planning. (Williams 2015).
Roper, Logan and Tierney, (2000) Explain that lifespan is seen
as a continuum. But, nevertheless in contrary to the dependence
to dependence continuum the arrow is looking in only direction
which given the meaning of going forward only – until we reach
the end on life and die.
Barnett (2007) clarify that within a clinical environment, the
LRT model is followed when investigating research questions
regarding specific functional deficits observed in patients that
are needing skilled nursing care. Details about the model being
used this way are also given by Matter (2007) and strengthen
the relationship between the LTR model and holistic assessment
and care planning in nursing. When the given specialist areas
are investigated and addressed fully, improved patient outcomes
are met. This is not just in the acute setting but those at home
living with LTC such as COPD also benefit from following the
model. (Kara 2007).
In the academic setting the model supports nurses develop and
test a hypothesis about outcomes of care with a nursing
10. framework (Tierney 1998).
The inclusion of an established and methodical nursing focused
conceptual model increased the number of goals, recommends
that a holistic approach to patient centred care planning
promotes more involvement in patient care. (Dalton, Farrell &
De Souza, 2012).
Reference List.
BARNETT, M., 2007. Using a model in the assessment and
management of COPD. J Common Health. 21 (11), pp4-10.
Bedra, M., McNabney, M,, Stiassny, D., Nicholas, J. &
Finkelstein, J.,2013. Defining patient-centred characteristics of
a tele rehabilitation system for patients with COPD. Health
Technology Information. 190 (24), pp6.
BRITISH THORACIC SOCIETY, 2015. Working for Healthier
Lungs [online]. BTS. [viewed 26th April 2016]. Available
From: https://www.brit-thoracic.org.uk/clinical-
information/copd/
COULTER, A. & COLLINS, A., 2011. Making shared decisions
making a reality. No Decision about me, Without Me. London:
Blackwell.
DALTON, C., FARREL, R. & DE-SOUZA., 2012. Patient
inclusion in goal setting during early inpatient rehabilitation
after acquired brain injury. Clinical Rehabilitation. 26 (2),
pp165-173.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, 2008. Access to Psychological
Therapies, [online]. Department of Health. [viewed 26th April
2016]. Available from:
https://www.gov.uk/guidance/improving-access-to-
psychological-therapies-payment-an-introduction
11. GREEN, J. & TONES, K., 2010. Health Promotion Planning and
Strategies. London: Sage.
HEALTH SCOTLAND, 2007. Have a Heart Paisley. [online].
Health Scotland. [viewed 26th April 2016]. Available From:
http://www.healthscotland.com/keep-
well/programmes/hahp.aspx
THE SCOTTISH GOVERNMENT, 2010. The Healthcare
Quality Strategy forNHS Scotland, [online]. The Scottish
Government. [viewed 26th April 2016]. Available from:
http://www.gov.scot/resource/doc/311667/0098354.pdf
JOHANSEN, R. 2012. NHS 24: The role of the nurse consultant.
British Journal of Mental Health Nursing. 1 (3), pp182-185.
KARA, M., 2007. Using the Roper, Logan and Tierney model in
care of people with COPD. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 16 (7b),
pp223-233.
LATTER, S., 2011. Evaluation of Nurse and Pharmacist
IndependentPrescribing. Health (San Fran cisco), London:
Eprints Soton.
Layard, R., Clark, D., Bell, S., Knapp, M., Meacher, B., Priebe,
S., Turnberg, L., Thornicroft, G. & Wright, B. 2006. The
depression report; A new deal fordepression and anxiety
disorders. [online]. The Centre for Economic Performance’s
Mental Health Policy Group, LSE. London. [viewed 26th April
2016]. Available from: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/818/
Marmot Review, 2010. Fair Society, Healthy Lives: A Strategic
review of HealthInequalities in England Post 2010 [online].
Institute of Health Equity, [viewed 26th April 2016]. Available
from: http://www.instituteofhealthequity.org/media/press-
releases/consultation-on-european-review
MATTER, I. 2011. Using the Roper, Logan and Tierney model
in the management of traumatic brain injury in a critical care
setting. Singapore Nursing Journal38 (3), pp14-19.
12. McIvor, R., Tunks, M. & Todd., 2010. COPD. Clinical
Evidence. 06 (1),pp1502.
MEERABEAU, L, & WRIGHT, K., 2011. Long Term
Conditions: nursing care and management. West Sussex: Wiley
Blackwell.
NATIONAL INSTITITE FORT HEALTH AND CLINICAL
GUIDANCE, 2009. Medicines Adherence: Involving Patients in
Decisions About Prescribed Medicines and Supporting
Adherence, [online]. NICE, [viewed 26th April 2016].
Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg76
NIESTERS, M., MAHAJAN, R, P., AARTS, L, & DAHAN, A.,
2012. High inspired oxygen concentration further impairs opioid
induced respiratory depression. British Journal of Anaesthesia.
110 (5), pp837-841.
REARDON, J., CASABURI, R., MORGAN, M., NICI, C, &
ROCHESTER, C. 2005. Pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD.
Respiratory Medicine. 99 (1), pp519-527.
ROPER, N., LOGAN, W, W, & TIERNEY, A J., 1996. The
Elements ofNursing: A Model for Nursing Based on a Model of
living. 4th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
ROPER, N., LOGAN, W, W, & TIERNEY, A J., 2000. The
Roper, Logan- Tierney Model of Nursing Based on Activities of
Daily Living. Edinburgh: Elsevier.
SPENCER, R., & Barcomb, T., 2014. New Technologies in
COPDManagement, [online]. Springer science & business
Media New York:
http://download.springer.com.gcu.idm.oclc.org/static/pdf/728/ar
t%253A10.1007%252Fs40138-014-0051-
9.pdf?originUrl=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle
%2F10.1007%2Fs40138-014-0051-
9&token2=exp=1461249936~acl=%2Fstatic%2Fpdf%2F728%2F
art%25253A10.1007%25252Fs40138-014-0051-
13. 9.pdf%3ForiginUrl%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Flink.springer.co
m%252Farticle%252F10.1007%252Fs40138-014-0051-
9*~hmac=f7abffa0117e7c4f43482de0107d91f0d2c9a159dc8944
065402c922f94b6def
STENNER, K, L., COURTNEY, L. & CAREY, N., 2011.
Consultations between nurse prescribers and patients with
diabetes in primary care: a qualitative study of patients views.
International Journal of Nursing Studies 48 pp34-46.
TIERNEY, A J., 2008. Nursing Models: extant or extinct?
Journal of Advanced Nursing. 28 (1), pp77-85.
WATT, G., O’DONNELL, C. & SRIDHARAN, S., 2011.
Building on Julian Tudor Hart’s example of anticipatory care.
Primary Health Care & Development. 12 (1), pp3-10.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION, 2015. Psychosocial
Framework, [online]. World Health Organisation. [viewed 26th
April 2016]. Available from:
http://search.who.int/search?q=psychosocial+framework&ie=utf
8&site=who&client=_en_r&proxystylesheet=_en_r&output=xml
_no_dtd&oe=utf8&getfields=doctype