2. WHAT IS REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE?
• Review of Related
Literature (RRL)
• discusses published
information in a
particular subject
area, and sometimes
information in a
particular subject
area within a certain
time period
(Ramdhani, A.,
Ramdhani, M., & Amin,
A., 2014).
3. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
• It is a survey of
scholarly articles, books
and other sources relevant
to a particular issue,
area of research, or
theory, and by so doing,
providing a description,
summary, and critical
evaluation of these works.
• It describes the content
and quality of knowledge
already available, and
readily presents the
4. Traditional Review of
Literature
• Summarize present forms of knowledge on a
specific subject and aims to give a new
understanding of an existing work.
• It expects you to state your intentions in
conducting the review and to name the sources
of information and it provides a concise
summary of information and data findings that
describe current knowledge and facts that
offers a rationale for conducting future
researchers.
5. The Different Types of
Traditional Review
1. Conceptual Review – Analysis of concepts or ideas
to give meaning to some national or world issues.
2. Critical Review – focuses on theories or
hypotheses and examines meanings and results of
their application to situations.
3. State-of-the-Art Review – makes the researcher
deal with the latest research studies on the
subject.
4. Expert Review– encourages a well-known expert to
do the RRL because of the influence of a certain
ideology, paradigm, or belief on him.
5. Scoping Review – prepares a situation for a
future research work in the form of project making
about community development, government policies,
6. Systemic Review of Literature
• “systemic” which means
methodical.
• It’s a style of RRL that
involves sequential acts
of a review of related
literature (unlike
traditional review that
has no particular
method).
• It is a rigorous way of
obtaining data from
written works.
• It is a bias-free style
7. Steps in doing Systemic Review
of Literature (Ridley, 2012)
1. Have a clear understanding of the research
questions
2. Plan your manner of obtaining the data
3. Do the literature search
4. Using a certain standard, determine which
data, studies or sources of knowledge are
valuable or not to warrant the reasonableness of
your decision to take some data and junk the
rest.
5. Determine the methodological soundness of the
research studies
6. Summarize what you have gathered from various
sources of data
8. What is Meta-analysis in
Relation to RRL?
• It is a kind of review of
related literature in which
you re-examine and combine
the results of two or more
statistical studies for
coming out with a grand total
to indicate stronger effects
of the research outcome.
• Putting the results together
and making them appear as one
result work to strengthen
wherever impact the
independent variable has on
the dependent variable
9. How to write a concise review
of related literature?
• Doing the review of related literature is
not the usual enumeration of references.
• Presentation of the data gathered should be
by topic based on the given objectives of
the research.
• The literature should not be too detailed or
brief.
• Text should be based on the current edition
of the American Psychological Association
(APA), Modern Language Association of
America (MLA) or the Chicago Manual of Style
10. TYPE OF REFERENCE STYLES
1) APA: Psychology, Education and other Social
Sciences;
The APA referencing style is also called the
"author-date" style. The text citation
and the year of publication. Use only the
surname of the author(s) followed by a comma
and the year of publication.
11. Example:
I Am a Filipino is a descriptive essay which
creates a main impression, an over-all effect,
feeling, or image of a Filipino (Macajelos,
2014, 247).
Or
(Macajelos, 2014) stated that “I Am a
Filipino is a descriptive essay which creates a
main impression, an over-all effect, feeling, or
image of a Filipino.”
Macajelos, Esteria. 2014. English of the New
Generation. Quezon City: Sunshine Interlinks
Publishing House Incorporated.
12. TYPE OF REFERENCE STYLES
2) MLA: Arts and Humanities –follows
the author-page method of in-text
citation
3) Chicago: History and many other
subjects in scholarly and non-
scholarly work --
13. WHY DO I NEED TO CITE?
• To uphold the intellectual property and avoiding
plagiarism should be observed in the research
work.
• To attribute the prior or unoriginal work and
ideas to the correct sources is also needed and
allowing the readers to determine independently
whether the reference materials support the
author's argument in the claimed way and helping
the reader gauge the strength and validity of the
material that the author had used.
Plagiarism is the use of another's work,
words, or ideas without attribution.
• The word “plagiarism” comes from the Latin word
for “kidnapper” and is considered a form of
theft, a breach of honesty in the academic
community.
14. Ethical Standard in Writing
Related Literature
What is Plagiarism?
• It is committed when
authors present the
words, data or ideas
of others with the
implication that they
are their own without
attribution.
• This act is against
the intellectual
property right law.
• It is a form of
16. Ethics in Literature
Review
1. Discuss intellectual property frankly
2. Be conscious of multiple roles
3. Follow informed consent rules
4. Respect confidentiality and privacy
5. Tap into ethics resources
Editor's Notes
An important area of a literature review is an understanding of a gap. It is an important research question relevant to a given domain that has not been answered adequately or at all in existing peer-reviewed scholarship. The gap will hopefully ensure that the research will likely have valuable practical and theoretical implications.
. This is vital for students undergoing literature review. It should be done in a systematic way ensuring that they search for relevant texts on their topic. Identifying the literature that will address students review question that initially students must develop a strategy to articulate the focus of literature that will seek to answer their questions.
Research ethics are standardized rule that guide the design to conduct research. The term ethics refers to questions of right or wrong. When researchers think about ethics, they must also ask themselves if it is right to conduct a particular study or carry out certain procedures (Ridley, 2012)
