International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Abstract: Energy from the sun and the wind can alleviate the pressure on traditional sources that has been considerably depleted. Many stages of renewable energy conversion require DC-DC converters with high voltage gain and high power. The applications where electrical isolation is not necessary, transformer less high gain converters can be used in order to avoid the difficulty of using large capacity transformers. This is a step up resonant converter which can achieve high voltage-gain using LC parallel resonant tank. Zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) of semiconductor devices in a resonant converter can be achieved by resonant devices. It is characterized by ZVS turn-on and nearly ZVS turn-off of main switches. Moreover, the equivalent voltage stress of the semiconductor devices is lower than other resonant step up converters. A resonant converter is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK and experimental results are also verified.
Keywords: Frequency Modulation, Resonant Converter, Zero Voltage Switching, Voltage Stress.
Title: Variable Switching Frequency Based Resonant Converter
Author: Anooja Shahul, Prof. Annie P Oommen, Prof. Sera Mathew
ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Paper Publications
A Three Level Single Stage PFC Converter for Variable Power Applicationspaperpublications3
Abstract: AC/DC power converters are required to operate with high power factor (PF) and low total harmonic distortion (THD) for improved grid quality and full capacity utilization of the transmission lines. Passive PF correction (PFC) circuits consist of inductive and capacitive filters followed by a diode bridge. They provide the simplest way of achieving high PF with high efficiency; however, they require low line frequency filters which are bulky and heavy. This work presents a new single stage three level isolated AC/DC PFC converter for high DC link voltage low-power applications achieved through an effective integration of AC/DC and DC/DC stages where all of the switches are shared between two operations. With the converter and switching scheme, input current shaping and output voltage regulation can be achieved simultaneously without introducing additional switches or switching actions. Due to the flexible DC link voltage structure, high power factor can be achieved at high line voltage. The performance of the single stage PFC converter is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Keywords: Power Factor (PF), DC Link Voltage, Power Factor Correction Circuits (PFC).
Title: A Three Level Single Stage PFC Converter for Variable Power Applications
Author: Litty Joseph, Prof. Neetha John, Prof. Emmanuel Babu P
ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Paper Publications
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Abstract: Energy from the sun and the wind can alleviate the pressure on traditional sources that has been considerably depleted. Many stages of renewable energy conversion require DC-DC converters with high voltage gain and high power. The applications where electrical isolation is not necessary, transformer less high gain converters can be used in order to avoid the difficulty of using large capacity transformers. This is a step up resonant converter which can achieve high voltage-gain using LC parallel resonant tank. Zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) of semiconductor devices in a resonant converter can be achieved by resonant devices. It is characterized by ZVS turn-on and nearly ZVS turn-off of main switches. Moreover, the equivalent voltage stress of the semiconductor devices is lower than other resonant step up converters. A resonant converter is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK and experimental results are also verified.
Keywords: Frequency Modulation, Resonant Converter, Zero Voltage Switching, Voltage Stress.
Title: Variable Switching Frequency Based Resonant Converter
Author: Anooja Shahul, Prof. Annie P Oommen, Prof. Sera Mathew
ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Paper Publications
A Three Level Single Stage PFC Converter for Variable Power Applicationspaperpublications3
Abstract: AC/DC power converters are required to operate with high power factor (PF) and low total harmonic distortion (THD) for improved grid quality and full capacity utilization of the transmission lines. Passive PF correction (PFC) circuits consist of inductive and capacitive filters followed by a diode bridge. They provide the simplest way of achieving high PF with high efficiency; however, they require low line frequency filters which are bulky and heavy. This work presents a new single stage three level isolated AC/DC PFC converter for high DC link voltage low-power applications achieved through an effective integration of AC/DC and DC/DC stages where all of the switches are shared between two operations. With the converter and switching scheme, input current shaping and output voltage regulation can be achieved simultaneously without introducing additional switches or switching actions. Due to the flexible DC link voltage structure, high power factor can be achieved at high line voltage. The performance of the single stage PFC converter is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Keywords: Power Factor (PF), DC Link Voltage, Power Factor Correction Circuits (PFC).
Title: A Three Level Single Stage PFC Converter for Variable Power Applications
Author: Litty Joseph, Prof. Neetha John, Prof. Emmanuel Babu P
ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Paper Publications
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Three Phase Controlled Rectifier Study in Terms of firing angle variationsIDES Editor
This paper introduce topology of three phase
controlled rectifiers and proposed an accurate Statistical
method to calculate their input current harmonic components,
and calculate THD and harmonic currents with accurate
simulation in various firing angles, then investigate influence
of load variations in terms of firing angle variations on
harmonic currents. Finally a harmonic current database of
rectiûers is obtained in terms of firing angle and load
variations.
Review of Step down Converter with Efficient ZVS OperationIJRST Journal
This paper presents the review of step down converter with efficient ZVS operation. The designed buck converter uses ZCS technique and the function is realized so that the power form is converted from 12V DC 5V DC (1A). A detailed analysis of zero current switching buck converters is performed and a mathematical analysis of the mode of operation is also presented. In order to reduce the switching losses in associated with conventional converters; resonant inductor and resonant capacitor (LC resonant circuit) is applied which helps to turn on-off the switch at zero current. The dc-dc buck converter receives the energy from the input source, when the switch is turned-on. The buck–buck converters have characteristics that warrant a more detailed study. The buck converters under discontinuous conduction mode /continuous conduction mode boundary.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
The objective of this paper is to propose a modified Single Ended Primary Inductance converter topology with passive lossless snubber cell to achieve Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) of the device near turn off and Zero Current Switching (ZCS) near turn on. By using the snubber cell effectively with the converter reduces the switching stress by restricting the large variations in voltage and current. The detailed analysis of the circuit with relevant waveforms of the circuit is described. The circuit is designed for a load of 100W at 12V output from an input source ranging between 20-30V. The circuit is modelled in MATLAB Simulink platform and the parameters are compared with conventional circuit. From the results it is shown that the proposed circuit operates at a lesser voltage stress and at higher efficiency than conventional one.
Soft Switched Multi-Output Flyback Converter with Voltage DoublerIJPEDS-IAES
A novel multi-output voltage doubler circuit with resonant switching
technique is proposed in this paper. The resonant topology in the primary
side of the flyback transformer switches the device either at zero voltage or
current thus optimizing the switching devices by mitigating the losses. The
voltage doubler circuit introduced in the load side increases the voltage by
twice the value thereby increasing the load power and density. The proposed
Multi-output Isolated Converter removes the need for mutiple SMPS units
for a particular application. This reduces the size and weight of the
converters considerably leading to a greater payload. This paper aims at
optimizing the proposed converter with some design changes. The results
obtained from the hardware prototype are given in a comprehensive manner
for a 3.5W converter operating at output voltages of 5V and 3.3V at 50 kHz
switching frequency. The converter output is regulated with the PI controller
designed with SG3523 IC. The effects of load and line regulation for ±20%
variations are analyzed in detail.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Three Phase Controlled Rectifier Study in Terms of firing angle variationsIDES Editor
This paper introduce topology of three phase
controlled rectifiers and proposed an accurate Statistical
method to calculate their input current harmonic components,
and calculate THD and harmonic currents with accurate
simulation in various firing angles, then investigate influence
of load variations in terms of firing angle variations on
harmonic currents. Finally a harmonic current database of
rectiûers is obtained in terms of firing angle and load
variations.
Review of Step down Converter with Efficient ZVS OperationIJRST Journal
This paper presents the review of step down converter with efficient ZVS operation. The designed buck converter uses ZCS technique and the function is realized so that the power form is converted from 12V DC 5V DC (1A). A detailed analysis of zero current switching buck converters is performed and a mathematical analysis of the mode of operation is also presented. In order to reduce the switching losses in associated with conventional converters; resonant inductor and resonant capacitor (LC resonant circuit) is applied which helps to turn on-off the switch at zero current. The dc-dc buck converter receives the energy from the input source, when the switch is turned-on. The buck–buck converters have characteristics that warrant a more detailed study. The buck converters under discontinuous conduction mode /continuous conduction mode boundary.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
The objective of this paper is to propose a modified Single Ended Primary Inductance converter topology with passive lossless snubber cell to achieve Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) of the device near turn off and Zero Current Switching (ZCS) near turn on. By using the snubber cell effectively with the converter reduces the switching stress by restricting the large variations in voltage and current. The detailed analysis of the circuit with relevant waveforms of the circuit is described. The circuit is designed for a load of 100W at 12V output from an input source ranging between 20-30V. The circuit is modelled in MATLAB Simulink platform and the parameters are compared with conventional circuit. From the results it is shown that the proposed circuit operates at a lesser voltage stress and at higher efficiency than conventional one.
Soft Switched Multi-Output Flyback Converter with Voltage DoublerIJPEDS-IAES
A novel multi-output voltage doubler circuit with resonant switching
technique is proposed in this paper. The resonant topology in the primary
side of the flyback transformer switches the device either at zero voltage or
current thus optimizing the switching devices by mitigating the losses. The
voltage doubler circuit introduced in the load side increases the voltage by
twice the value thereby increasing the load power and density. The proposed
Multi-output Isolated Converter removes the need for mutiple SMPS units
for a particular application. This reduces the size and weight of the
converters considerably leading to a greater payload. This paper aims at
optimizing the proposed converter with some design changes. The results
obtained from the hardware prototype are given in a comprehensive manner
for a 3.5W converter operating at output voltages of 5V and 3.3V at 50 kHz
switching frequency. The converter output is regulated with the PI controller
designed with SG3523 IC. The effects of load and line regulation for ±20%
variations are analyzed in detail.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Design & Implementation of Zero Voltage Switching Buck ConverterIJERA Editor
Zero voltage switching (ZVS) buck converter is more preferable over hard switched buck converter for low power, high frequency DC-DC conversion applications. In Zero voltage switching converter, turn on & turn off of a switch occurs at zero voltage that results in lower switching losses. In this converter soft switching is achieved by using resonant components. The optimal values of resonant components are determined by using electric functions derived from circuit configuration. This type of soft switched resonant converter offers very low electromagnetic interference (EMI).This study presents the circuit configuration with least components to realize highly efficient zero voltage switching resonant converter. It’s feasibility is confirmed with the developed proto type model and experimental results are verified.
Design Topology of Low Profile Transformer forSlim AdaptorIJRES Journal
This paper presents the implementation of a topologyfor low profile transformer using an LLC
resonant converter. A new structure of the slim-type transformer is proposed, which is composed of copper wire
as the primary winding and printed circuit-board winding on the outer layer as the secondary winding.The
proposed circuit operates at high switching frequency to increase power density. The proposed structure is
suitable for a slim and high-efficiency converter because it has advantages of easy utilization and wide
conductive cross-sectional area. In addition, the voltage-doubler rectifier is applied to the secondary side due to
its simple structure of secondary winding, and a CLC filter is adopted to reduce the output filter size.The
specification are to design input voltage 400v,power 120w with 17ms hold time.
A DC-DC converter topology is presented
combining the soft switching effects of the Snubber Assisted Zero
Voltage and Zero Current Transition (SAZZ) topology and the
increased inductor frequency of the dual interleaved boost
converter with interphase transformer. The snubber capacitors
and output capacitances of the main devices are discharged prior
to turn on using a single auxiliary inductor, eliminating turn on
losses. Furthermore, the turn off losses are significantly reduced
since the energy stored in the device output capacitance at turn
off is recovered at turn on. The effectiveness of the topology is
demonstrated on a SiC prototype operating at 12.5 kW, 112 kHz,
reducing the switching losses by 50%.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
A Single-Stage High-Frequency Isolated Secondary- Side Controlled AC-DC Conve...IDES Editor
This paper presents a new single-stage highfrequency
isolated ac-dc converter that uses a simple control
circuit. It is well suitable for wide input variation power
sources. The circuit configuration combines a diode rectifier,
boost converter and half-bridge dc-dc resonant converter. A
high power factor is achieved by discontinuous current mode
(DCM) operation of the front-end integrated power factor
correction circuit. The output voltage is regulated by fixedfrequency,
secondary-side phase-shift active rectifier. Softswitching
operation is achieved for all the switches. This
converter operates in three modes, which is classified
according to conduction of different switches and diodes. The
intervals of operation and steady-state analysis are presented
in detail. Design example of a 100 W proposed converter is
given together with its simulation and experiment results for
wide variation in input voltage.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This paper analyses a 3-phase interleaved DC-DC boost converter for the conversion of low input voltage with high input current to higher DC output voltage. The operation of the 3-phase interleaved DC-DC boost converter with multi-parallel of boost converters is controlled by interleaved of switching signals with 120 degrees phase-shifted. Therefore, with this circuit configuraion, high input current is evenly shared among the parallel units and consequently the current stress is reduced on the circuit and semiconductor devices and contributes reduction of overall losses. The simulation and hardware results show that the current stress and the semiconductor conduction losses were reduced approximately 33% and 32%, respectively in the 3-phase interleaved DC-DC boost converter compared to the conventional DC-DC boost converters. Furthermore, the use of interleaving technique with continuous conduction mode on DC-DC boost converters is reducing input current and output voltage ripples to increase reliability and efficiency of boost converters.
SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF CLOSED LOOP DUAL INDUCTOR CURRENT-FED PUSH-PULL CONVER...Journal For Research
The current electronic devices require DC power source, which is taken from a battery or DC power supply. DC-DC converter is utilized to get regulated dc voltage from unregulated one. Switched mode power supply (SMPS) are commonly used in industrial applications, because of more advantages compared to linear power supply. In SMPS we have isolated and non-isolated converters, where isolated converters are frequently used, in order to get more voltage with multiple outputs. So among different isolated converters, push-pull converter is chosen for micro converter applications to obtain high voltage conversion ratio by using HF transformer, due to their better utilization of transformer. New methodology of control is implemented for making ZVS and ZCS at same time and to reduce the number of switches in the secondary side of dual inductor CFPP converter, which is a voltage doubler circuit. This becomes the solution for problem identification. Thus this converter with soft-switching reduces the switching losses.The current-fed push-pull converters are used in many applications like photo-voltaic (PV) power converters for boosting the output voltage. Push-pull converter is chosen for micro converter applications, to obtain high voltage conversion ratio by using high frequency (HF) transformer, due to their better utilization of transformer. This deals with the design of dual inductor CFPP converter, where zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS) is achieved for the primary side of the converter by using secondary switches. Primary side switches are controlled by closed loop control topology. The secondary side is made with voltage doubler to obtain high voltage. Open loop and closed loop control of dual inductor current fed push pull converter simulation is finished by MATLAB/SIMULINK and their outcomes are analyzed.
This paper presents the simulation design of dc/dc interleaved boost converter with zero-voltage switching (ZVS). By employin the interleaved structure, the input current stresses to switching devices were reduced and this signified to a switching conduction loss reduction. All the parameters had been calculated theoretically. The proposed converter circuit was simulated by using MATLAB/Simulink and PSpice software programmes. The converter circuit model, with specifications of output power of 200 W, input voltage range from 10~60 V, and operates at 100 kHz switching frequency was simulated to validate the designed parameters. The results showed that the main switches of the model converter circuit achieved ZVS conditions during the interleaving operation. Consequently, the switching losses in the main switching devices were reduced. Thus, the proposed converter circuit model offers advantages of input current stress and switching loss reductions. Hence, based on the designed parameters and results, the converter model can be extended for hardware implementation.
Soft Computing Technique for the Control of Triple-Lift Luo ConverterIJERA Editor
Positive output Luo converters are a series of new DC-DC step-up (boost) converters, which were developed from prototypes using voltage lift technique. These converters perform positive to positive DC-DC voltage increasing conversion with high power density, high efficiency and cheap topology in simple structure. They are different from other existing DC-DC step-up converters with a high output voltage and small ripples. Triple lift LUO circuit is derived from positive output elementary Luo converter by adding the lift circuit three times. Due to the time varying and switching nature of the Luo converters, their dynamic behaviour becomes highly nonlinear. The classical control methods employed to design the controllers for Luo converters depend on the operating point so that it is very difficult to select control parameters because of the presence of parasitic elements, time varying loads and variable supply voltages. Conventional controllers require a good knowledge of the system and accurate tuning in order to obtain the desired performances. A fuzzy logic controller is a soft computing technique which neither requires a precise mathematical model of the system nor complex computations. The performances of the Triple-lift Luo converter with fuzzy logic controller are evaluated under line and load disturbances using Matlab-Simulink based simulation. The results are presented and analyzed.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
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Lb3419962001
1. P. Sudhrasana Rao, C. Nagakotareddy / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp.1996-2001
1996 | P a g e
An Enhanced ZVS & ZCS Full Bridge Converter With
Resonance Circuit In The Secondary Winding For High Power
Applications
P. Sudhrasana Rao1
, C. Nagakotareddy2
1
Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, NIE College, Macherla,
2
P.G.Student Dept. of EEE, NIE College, Macherla.
ABSTRACT
A zero voltage and zero current switching
full bridge converters with a resonance circuit in
the secondary winding is presented analyzed. The
primary side of the converter is composed of FB
insulated-gate bipolar transistors, which are
driven by phase-shift control. The secondary side
is composed of a resonant tank and a half-wave
rectifier. Without an auxiliary circuit, zero-
voltage switching (for leading-leg switches) and
zero-current switching (for lagging-leg switches)
are achieved in the entire operating range. To
implement the converter without an additional
inductor, the leakage inductance of the
transformer is utilized as the resonant inductor.
Due to its many advantages, including high
efficiency, minimum number of devices, and low
cost, this converter is attractive for high-voltage
and high-power applications. The analysis and
design considerations of the converter are
presented. A prototype was implemented for an
application requiring a 5-kW output power, an
input-voltage range varying from 250 to 350 V,
and a 350-V output voltage. The experimental
results obtained from a prototype verify the
analysis. The prototype’s efficiency at full load is
over 95.5%.
I. INTRODUCTION
IN high-frequency and high-power
converters, it is desirable to use insulated-gate bipolar
transistors (IGBTs) for primary switches and to
utilize soft-switching techniques such as zero voltage
switching (ZVS) and zero-current switching (ZCS).
IGBTs can handle higher voltage and higher power
with lower cost compared with MOSFETs, so IGBTs
have been Replacing MOSFETs in applications
requiring several or several tens of kilowatt power. In
high-frequency converters, soft-switching techniques
are widely used to reduce the switching loss that
results from high switching frequency.
Among previous soft-switching FB
converters, a series-resonant converter (SRC) is the
simplest topology. Moreover, because all switches of
the converter are turned on at zero voltage, the
conversion efficiency is relatively high. However, the
SRC has some drawbacks. First, the output voltage
cannot be regulated for the no-load case. Second, it
has some difficulties, such as size reduction and a
design of an electromagnetic-interference noise filter
because a wide variation of the switching frequency
is necessary to control the output voltage.
Some modified converters based on a
conventional SRC have been presented to solve these
problems. One is a converter that utilizes other
control methods without additional hardware. By
using a control method in, regulation problems under
low-power conditions can be solved, but the range of
the operating frequency is still wide. Another
presented approach is the phase-shift control of SRC,
such as the ZVS FB converters in and The ZVS FB
converters can achieve constant-frequency operation,
no regulation problem, and ZVS of all switches that
are composed of MOSFETs. Because all switches of
the converters are MOSFETs, the converters are not
adequate for high-power conversion in the power
range of several or tens of kilowatts. To apply the
converter for high-power conversions, further
improvements, such as applying IGBTs and
extending the soft-switching range, are necessary.
The proposed converter has several
advantages over existing converters. First, the
leading-leg switches can be turned on softly under
almost all operating conditions, and a lossless turn-
off snubber can be used to reduce turn-off loss.
Second, the lagging-leg switches can be turned on at
zero voltage and also turned off near zero current
without additional auxiliary circuits. Third, the
reverse-recovery currents of the diodes are
significantly reduced, and the voltage stresses of the
output diodes are clamped to the output voltage.
Therefore, last, the switching loss of the converter is
very low, and the converter is adequate for high-
voltage and high-power applications.
II. PRINCIPAL OF OPERATION
The operation of the converter in Fig. 1 is
analyzed in this section. The output voltage Vo of the
converter is controlled as in a conventional phase-
shifted FB converter. The converter has six operation
modes within each switching period Ts.
The operation waveforms and equivalent
circuits are shown in Figs. 2 and 3, respectively. To
analyze the operation of the converter, several
assumptions are made in the following.
2. P. Sudhrasana Rao, C. Nagakotareddy / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp.1996-2001
1997 | P a g e
1) Leading-leg switches T1 and B1 and lagging-leg
switches T2 and B2 are ideal, except for their
body diodes.
2) Because the output capacitor Co is very large, the
output voltage Vo is a dc voltage without any
ripple.
3) Transformer T is composed of ideal transformers
N1 and N2, a magnetizing inductance Lm, and a
leakage inductance Llk.
4) Since the capacitances of lossless turn-off
snubber (CT1 and CB1) are very small, the
transient time of charging and discharging is
neglected.
5) When the switching frequency fs is less than the
resonant frequency fr, the conduction loss is
large unnecessarily due to the high peak currents
of the devices. Therefore, we assume that fs ≥ fr.
The voltage across N2 is given as three-level
voltages: nVin, 0, and −nVin by the phase-shift control
of the primary switches, where n is the transformer
turn ratio N2/N1 and Vin is the input voltage. The
series-resonant tank is formed by Llk and a resonant
capacitor Cr, the secondary current is through the
resonant circuit is half-wave rectified by the
rectifying diodes D1 and D2, and the positive value of
is feeds the output stage.
Fig. 1. Proposed soft-switching FB converter with
secondary resonance
A detailed mode analysis is as follows.
Mode 1 [t0, t1]: As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, top
switches T1 and T2 are ON state, and is becomes zero
at t0. During this mode, diodes D1 and D2 are OFF
state, and the current is remains zero. Because the
voltages across both N1 and N2 are zero, the
magnetizing current im is constant.
The following
equalities are satisfied.
im t ip t iT1 t iT 2 t im t2 (1)
Where ip is the primary current and iT1 is the sum
of the currents of T1, its body diodes DT1’s, and its
snubber capacitance CT1. Similarly, iT2, iB1, and iB2
are defined. The currents of body diodes are simply
the negative portions of iT1, iT2, iB1, and iB2.
Mode 2 [t1, t2]: At t1, the lagging-leg switch T2 is
turned off when iT2 = −im. Because im is a very low
current, T2 is turned off near zero current. After a
short dead time, B2 is turned on at zero voltage,
while the current ip flows through the body diode of
B2. During this mode, the secondary voltage across
N2 is nVin. Therefore, is builds up from its zero value
and flows through D1. The state equations can be
written as follows:
Where vc is a voltage across Cr. Thus, is is obtained
as
is(t) = sinɷr(t-t1) (3)
Where the angular resonance frequency
(4)
and the characteristic impedance
Z0= (5)
Fig: 2: operational waveforms of proposed converter
L
lk
dis t
V0 vc t nVindt
Cr
d V0 vc t
ist
dt
is t 0 (2)
3. P. Sudhrasana Rao, C. Nagakotareddy / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp.1996-2001
1998 | P a g e
The magnetizing current im is increased linearly by
the input voltage as
im t im t1
V
in
t t1 (6)
L
m
The following equalities are also
satisfied:
ipt im t nis t iT1 t iB2 t (7)
Mode 3 [t2, t3]: At t2, T1 is turned off
.Subsequently, the current ip charges CT1 and
discharges CB1. Once the collector–emitter voltage of
B1 reaches zero, the current ip flows through the body
diode of B1. After dead time, B1 is turned on at zero
voltage. Because the voltage across N2 is zero, is goes
to zero. The state equation is the same as (2), except
for the initial condition of is and the applied voltage
across N2.Thus, the current is can be obtained
analogously with (3) as
is(t)=is(t2)cosωr(t-t2)- sinωr(t-t2) (8)
The following equalities are also satisfied:
ip(t) = im(t)+nis(t) = ‒iB1(t)+iB2(t) (9)
At the end of Mode 3, is becomes zero. Explanations
of Modes 4–6 are omitted because these modes are
similar to Modes 1–3, respectively.
Fig3: Modes of operation
The primary current of the conventional
ZVS FB converter is compared with the ip of the
proposed converter (Fig.2).The conventional ZVS FB
converter uses a large leakage inductor to achieve the
ZVS of the lagging–lag switches in a wide operating
range. The large leakage inductor causes higher
circulating energy that significantly increases the
conduction loss and further reduces the effective duty
ratio. On the other hand, in the proposed converter,
the effective duty ratio is not reduced, and the
conduction loss from the circulating energy is
relatively low by resetting the secondary current
during Mode 3. To analyze the converter, two
quantities are defined as frequency ratio
F
fr (10)
fs
and quality factor
Q (11)
III. Analysis of ZVS and ZCS Conditions
In almost the entire operating range, leading-
leg switches T1 and B1 are naturally turned on at zero
voltage by the reflected current is, as shown in Fig. 2.
However, to achieve ZVS and ZCS in lagging-leg
switches T2 and B2, Modes 1 and 4 have to exist, as
shown in Fig. 2. In other words, the secondary
current must be zero before the switching of T2 and
B2. Assuming that F ≤ 1, there are three possible
waveforms of the secondary current, as shown in Fig.
5. When the waveform of is is similar to Fig. 4(b),
the lagging-lag switches cannot be turned off softly at
zero current. On the other hand, when the waveform
of is is similar to Fig. 4(c), T2 and B2 cannot be turned
on at zero voltage. To achieve the waveform of Fig.
5(a), which is different from that of Fig. 5(b), is must
reach zero while the secondary voltage across N2 is
zero. Thus, t3, which satisfies (12), must exist
im(t3)= sinωr(t3-t2)cosωr(t3-t2)-
sinωr(t3-t2)=0 (12)
To achieve the waveform of Fig.
4(a), which is different from that of Fig.
4(c), the peak-to-peak value of the ripple
voltage of Cr must be lower than Vo. In
other words, vc(t1), which is the minimum
value of vc, must be positive to avoid the
conduction of D2 during Mode 4.
4. P. Sudhrasana Rao, C. Nagakotareddy / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp.1996-2001
1999 | P a g e
Fig. 4: Three possible waveforms of the secondary
current is. (a) Waveform of is when IGBTs can be
turned on and off softly. (b) Waveform of is when
IGBTs cannot be turned off softly. (c) Waveform of
is when IGBTs cannot be turned on softly.
Fig. 5: Operation waveforms when Q is greater
than 2/πF.
Therefore, from (12), the following
inequality must be satisfied:
Vo=Vc(t1)= (1- FQ) >0 (13)
Therefore, the ZVS condition of T2 and B2 is obtained
as
Q
2
(14)
F
In practical situations, Q may become greater
than 2/πF under overload conditions. Fig. 7 shows
the operation waveforms when Q > 2/πF. Because
ZVS cannot be achieved in the lagging-leg switches,
switching loss results from the body-diode reverse-
recovery current and the dissipated energy of the
parasitic output capacitances, as shown in Fig. 7.
However, in IGBTs, the loss resulting from non-ZVS
is not large. In real switches, there are parasitic
output capacitances Coss’s. Therefore, another ZVS
condition of the lagging-leg switches is that the
energy stored in Lm before T2 and B2 are turned on
must be greater than the energy stored in the Coss of
T2 and B2 as
Lm Coss V2
in (15)
Where
im= (16)
Therefore, Lm can be determined as
Lm (17)
Where ϕmin is the minimum value of ϕ
satisfying the ZVS of T2 and B2. Another condition of
the ZVS of the lagging-lag switches is that the dead
time of the lagging leg should be short enough since
the lagging-leg switches should be turned on while
the current flows through the body diodes. The dead
time can simply be determined by experiment.
IV. SIMULATION RESULTS
A prototype of the proposed converter was
simulated through matlab. The converter was tested
with Vin = 250 V, Vo = 550 V, and output power Po
= 1.3 kW; further design parameters are given in
Table I.
TABLE 1: Simulation Parameters
PERAMETERS SYMBOL VALUE
Input voltage range Vin 250V
Output voltage V0 550V
Output power P0 1.3KW
Magnetizing Lm 300μH
inductance
Leakage inductance Llk 15.7µH
Quality factor at rated Q 0.62
condition
Resonant frequency fr 38.3kHz
Switching frequency fs 38.3kHz
Resonant capacitor Cr 1.1µF
Snubber capacitor CT1,CB1 6.8nF
Fig: 6(a) & (b) shows the zero voltage and zero
current i.e. soft switching waveforms of the leading
leg and lagging leg switches.
5. P. Sudhrasana Rao, C. Nagakotareddy / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp.1996-2001
2000 | P a g e
Fig: 6(a) soft switching waveforms of leading leg
switches
Fig: 6(b) soft switching waveforms of lagging
leg switches
Fig7: output voltage and current waveforms
V. CONCLUSION
The operation of the proposed converter is
analyzed. And the experimental results of a 1.2KW
prototype prove the novel converter is successful.
The efficiency attained under full-load conditions
was over 95.5%. The converter may be adequate for
high-voltage and high-power applications (> 10 kW)
since the converter has many advantages, such as
minimum number of devices, soft switching of the
switches, no output inductor, and so on.
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Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp.1996-2001
2001 | P a g e
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Author Information:
P.Sudharsana Rao was born in
Guntur, India. He received the B.Tech
(Electronics and Instrumentation
Engineering) degree from the Jawaharlal Nehru
Technological University, Kakinada in 2010.
M.Tech (Control System Engineering) from the IIT
Khargpur. He is currently an Asst.Professor of the
Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,
Newton’s Institute of Engineering, Macherla. His
area of interest Biomedical Engineering and
Control Systems.
C.Nagakotareddy was born in Prakasam,
India. He received the B.Tech (Electrical
and Electronics Engineering) degree from
The Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University,
Kakinada in 2010. Currently pursuing M-Tech
(Electrical Machines and Drives), in Newton’s
Institute of Engineering, Macherla in 2013. His area
of interested in Power Electronics applications in
Electrical Machines.