This document discusses how to identify fake news and evaluate information sources. It provides tips on asking four basic questions - what, who, why, when - to analyze a source's relevance, authority, objectivity and timeliness. For example, if a source lacks an identifiable author or organization, or does not provide unbiased information, it should not be trusted. The document also lists several fact-checking websites that can be used to verify claims. Overall, it emphasizes the importance of carefully assessing the quality and reliability of information found online.
Catherine Wiedman argues that increased internet and social media usage is negatively impacting political knowledge and discourse. As people get information passively online that supports their own views, knowledge of opposing views and political figures is decreasing. Studies show a drop in knowing vice presidents, governors, and foreign leaders between 1989 and 2007 as internet use rose. Additionally, campaigns now spend much more on targeted online political ads that reach ideologically aligned users rather than exposing people to a range of views. This personalization of information online means people can close their minds to opposing ideas with just a click.
This document provides guidance on evaluating news sources and identifying fake news. It discusses how to present and identify fake news to help students learn. It defines types of misleading news like fake news, bad news, biased media, and satire. It outlines characteristics of fake news stories and how they spread, often through social media and by appealing to emotions. Reasons fake news spreads, like for money or opinion, are explored. Issues with images, headlines, and videos are covered. Games and activities for evaluating news sources are suggested to help build fact-checking skills. Course assignments are mentioned to develop skills in understanding multiple perspectives on diversity issues.
The document discusses the role of social media, particularly Twitter, in the protests following Iran's disputed 2009 presidential election. It provides perspectives from journalists and experts on how Twitter and other platforms enabled protesters to organize and share information outside of the government's control, with some arguing it helped spark the first "Twitter Revolution," while others were more skeptical of Twitter's actual impact within Iran.
We are living in the ear of post-truth. After the surge of fake news stories during the 2016 U.S. elections, several initiatives have been introduced to mitigate the problem like fact-checker organization, artificial intelligence and government aggressive measures. All this are promising, but are we really winning the battle against disinformation?
Social Network Supermarkets and How to Defeat ThemChris Messina
Chris Messina gave a talk about how social networks and identity providers are shaping the modern internet landscape. He discussed how Twitter was used to organize protests in Iran and Moldova. The US government even asked Twitter to delay maintenance during the Iranian election. Messina argued that large companies are competing to become people's primary identity provider and control their online presence. However, individuals should maintain control over their own online identity and data. Messina promotes using an independent personal homepage and OpenID as one's identity provider rather than relying solely on large networks like Facebook or Google.
English 2201: What's News? Satire, Hoaxes & Fake NewsTrudy Morgan-Cole
The document discusses different types of fake news that spread online, including satire, hoaxes, and fringe opinions. Satire uses humor and exaggeration to critique issues in society, though some people believe it. Hoaxes intentionally spread false information to mislead people, sometimes for profit or amusement. Fringe opinions represent unproven claims that some people genuinely believe but lack evidence. It's important to critically evaluate news sources and stories by checking for facts, corroboration, and disclaimers before spreading online information.
This document discusses how to identify fake news and evaluate information sources. It provides tips on asking four basic questions - what, who, why, when - to analyze a source's relevance, authority, objectivity and timeliness. For example, if a source lacks an identifiable author or organization, or does not provide unbiased information, it should not be trusted. The document also lists several fact-checking websites that can be used to verify claims. Overall, it emphasizes the importance of carefully assessing the quality and reliability of information found online.
Catherine Wiedman argues that increased internet and social media usage is negatively impacting political knowledge and discourse. As people get information passively online that supports their own views, knowledge of opposing views and political figures is decreasing. Studies show a drop in knowing vice presidents, governors, and foreign leaders between 1989 and 2007 as internet use rose. Additionally, campaigns now spend much more on targeted online political ads that reach ideologically aligned users rather than exposing people to a range of views. This personalization of information online means people can close their minds to opposing ideas with just a click.
This document provides guidance on evaluating news sources and identifying fake news. It discusses how to present and identify fake news to help students learn. It defines types of misleading news like fake news, bad news, biased media, and satire. It outlines characteristics of fake news stories and how they spread, often through social media and by appealing to emotions. Reasons fake news spreads, like for money or opinion, are explored. Issues with images, headlines, and videos are covered. Games and activities for evaluating news sources are suggested to help build fact-checking skills. Course assignments are mentioned to develop skills in understanding multiple perspectives on diversity issues.
The document discusses the role of social media, particularly Twitter, in the protests following Iran's disputed 2009 presidential election. It provides perspectives from journalists and experts on how Twitter and other platforms enabled protesters to organize and share information outside of the government's control, with some arguing it helped spark the first "Twitter Revolution," while others were more skeptical of Twitter's actual impact within Iran.
We are living in the ear of post-truth. After the surge of fake news stories during the 2016 U.S. elections, several initiatives have been introduced to mitigate the problem like fact-checker organization, artificial intelligence and government aggressive measures. All this are promising, but are we really winning the battle against disinformation?
Social Network Supermarkets and How to Defeat ThemChris Messina
Chris Messina gave a talk about how social networks and identity providers are shaping the modern internet landscape. He discussed how Twitter was used to organize protests in Iran and Moldova. The US government even asked Twitter to delay maintenance during the Iranian election. Messina argued that large companies are competing to become people's primary identity provider and control their online presence. However, individuals should maintain control over their own online identity and data. Messina promotes using an independent personal homepage and OpenID as one's identity provider rather than relying solely on large networks like Facebook or Google.
English 2201: What's News? Satire, Hoaxes & Fake NewsTrudy Morgan-Cole
The document discusses different types of fake news that spread online, including satire, hoaxes, and fringe opinions. Satire uses humor and exaggeration to critique issues in society, though some people believe it. Hoaxes intentionally spread false information to mislead people, sometimes for profit or amusement. Fringe opinions represent unproven claims that some people genuinely believe but lack evidence. It's important to critically evaluate news sources and stories by checking for facts, corroboration, and disclaimers before spreading online information.
The Turing test asked whether one could recognize the behavior of a human from that of a computer algorithm. Today this question has suddenly become very relevant in the context of social media, where text constraints limit the expressive power of humans, and real incentives abound to develop human-mimicking software agents called social bots. These elusive entities wildly populate social media ecosystems, often going unnoticed among the population of real people. Bots can be benign or harmful, aiming at persuading, smearing, or deceiving. Here we discuss the characteristics of modern, sophisticated social bots, and how their presence can endanger online ecosystems and our society. We then discuss current efforts aimed at detection of social bots in Twitter. Characteristics related to content, network, sentiment, and temporal patterns of activity are imitated by bots but at the same time can help discriminate synthetic behaviors from human ones, yielding signatures of engineered social tampering.
I was recently asked to put together a presentation on the fake news phenomenon for discussions with leading journalists and media institutions in a developing country, with extremely poor media literacy but strong growth around social media use, on how to both identify misleading content and also stem its flow, reach and influence.
Download the full presentation as a PowerPoint (with embedded videos) or as an Apple Keynote file, here - https://drive.google.com/open?id=0Bxbk4wYolphwcVk4bV85aEFtYXc
Brian Housand, Ph.D.
brianhousand.com
@brianhousand
In 2006, we first learned that even the brightest students were easily fooled by internet hoaxes like the Pacific Northwest Tree Octopus. While we tried to laugh this off as the folly of misguided youth, a decade later we witnessed the rise of fake news and its impact on the “post-truth” world of 2016 overrun by an ever-growing network of social media. To fight for truth, justice, and yes, even the American way, this session presents a collection of superhero-themed critical thinking activities designed to empower you and your students to conquer the evils of fake news.
This document discusses both the positives and negatives of increasing technology usage. It notes that while technology provides opportunities to share information, it can also enable safety and privacy issues if not used properly. Excessive technology use is changing how people learn, think, and form memories. It also notes that heavy technology and social media usage has been linked to negative impacts on emotions and well-being for both children and adults. Overall, the document advocates understanding technology's effects and avoiding becoming overly reliant on it at the expense of in-person interactions and mental health.
The Covid19 - Fighting Fake News Project deals with jointly fighting the menace of fake news related to Covid19 and how we, using WhatsApp as a medium, intend to propagate facts and real information to our audiences.
Our aim is to enable general public to scrutinize every news that they come across as we believe that misinformation/fake news is a bigger pandemic than Covid19.
The document discusses the escalating tensions between the U.S. and Iran. It mentions that the U.S. killed an Iranian general in Iraq, putting the U.S. in danger of retaliation from Iran. President Trump has threatened to attack Iranian cultural sites if Iran retaliates against the U.S. The document also provides links to articles about these events.
Facebook is introducing news flags to identify fake content on its platform. While this aims to limit the spread of misinformation, the approach has limitations. It is easy for activist groups to game the system by mass-flagging opposing views. Also, stories flagged as containing false information may not provide enough context about what exactly is false. Facebook could improve by helping debunking articles spread, showing more transparency in its fact-checking process, and supporting digital media literacy education for users.
This document outlines an agenda for a workshop on identifying and combating fake news. It introduces the presenter and provides context on what constitutes fake news and why it exists. Specifically, it discusses completely fabricated news, manipulated news, and biased news. It then explores reasons fake news exists, such as some creators making money from ad revenue and how critical thinking diminishes when people are angry or fearful. The workshop further explains how fake news can change history, lead to violence, and widen divisions. Activities are included to examine confirmation bias and rank the credibility of news sources. Participants are directed to the presenter's library guide for ongoing tools and resources to thwart fake news.
This slideshow was presented as part of the Johnson County Community College Retirees Association (JCCCRA) session on how to spot fake news. Several steps were outlined to verify the accuracy of everything from email chain letters to websites to Facebook postings. Included in the session was information on known fake news sites, fact checking sites and key characteristics of bogusness. The session was offered on May 15, 2017 on the JCCC campus.
Ai, social media and political polarizationJim Isaak
This document summarizes a presentation about how social media and artificial intelligence may be undermining democracy. Micro-targeting of political ads using vast user data allows messages to be tailored to small groups in a way that reinforces polarization. Automated bots and fake accounts spread both real and fake messages virally. Deep learning AI will make influence techniques even more sophisticated and difficult to detect. Studies show these tools have been used to shape elections internationally and in the US. The future may include advanced deepfakes and increased digital voter suppression efforts. Recommendations for 2020 include better detection of disinformation across platforms and improved media literacy education.
This document provides an overview of a class on the psychology and spread of fake news. It discusses factors that contribute to the belief and dissemination of fake news, including low political knowledge, confirmation bias, echo chambers on social media, and incentives for politicians to reinforce beliefs. It also outlines assignments for the class, including analyzing case studies of fake news articles through essays and presentations examining the source, content, and intended effects of the stories. Groups will analyze specific fake news stories and the document lists potential topics for each group.
This document discusses social media safety issues during times of crisis. It identifies two main issues: identifying locations during emergencies and targeted threats. During the Paris attacks, the hashtag #porteouverte was used by Parisians to signal a need for shelter but became overwhelmed with messages. The document also discusses whether governments should be allowed to screen social media for immigration and security purposes, given that the San Bernardino shooter's social media posts expressing support for jihad went undiscovered. It concludes with recommendations such as developing location-based services and guidelines for government access to social media.
This document discusses social media safety issues during times of crisis. It identifies two main issues: identifying locations during emergencies and targeted threats. During the Paris attacks, the hashtag #porteouverte was used by Parisians to signal a need for shelter but became overwhelmed with messages. The document also discusses whether governments should be allowed to screen social media for immigration and notes that the San Bernardino shooter's pro-jihad social media posts were missed prior to the attacks. It concludes with recommendations such as developing location-based services and guidelines for government access to social media.
This document summarizes a lecture on using data and artificial intelligence for good. It discusses setting goals for AI, such as the United Nations' 17 sustainable development goals. It also discusses challenges around data like clickbait and how bots can generate content. Finally, it talks about how AI may impact jobs and the need to focus on augmenting rather than automating tasks.
The document discusses both the benefits and drawbacks of increasing technology usage. It notes that while technology provides access to information, it can negatively affect how people think, feel and their safety. Excessive technology usage is linked to poorer memory, focus, emotions and impulse control. Children who overuse technology show less well-being and ability to read emotions compared to lighter users. The constant connectivity provided by technology also enables new safety issues like online bullying. Moderation of technology is advised to avoid being overly reliant on it.
Handling fake news and eyewitness mediaAlastair Reid
How to debunk hoaxes effectively, deal with graphic images and understand copyright on social media – as presented at the 2016 Online News Association annual conference
Presentation to European Parliament on fake news, changes in our media environment, and what can be done to ensure news and media serve our democracies, with links to underlying independent, evidence-based research.
BBC's shoddy analysis about fake news spread in India
PS: Fake news is being spread, there is NO doubt about that.
But there is no easy way to arrive at the outlandish conclusions they have arrived at. Take a look :-) They start off with some "data analysis" and call it qualitative research.
This document discusses social media and the rise of fake news. It provides examples of different types of fake news and misleading information. It discusses why the spread of misinformation is problematic as it undermines trust. The document then offers some tips on how to be more skeptical of information found online and encourages people to verify news from multiple sources. It also provides several case studies of successful social media marketing campaigns, including Always' "#LikeAGirl" campaign and O2's response to an outage, highlighting best practices around building brands and responding to crises online.
The document summarizes recent escalating events between the U.S. and Iran. It notes that a U.S. strike in Iraq killed a top Iranian general, putting the U.S. in danger of Iranian retaliation. Reports indicate the U.S. now feels vulnerable and that Iran is threatening the U.S. in response. The document also mentions that President Trump has threatened to destroy Iranian cultural sites if Iran attacks, and that the U.S. will attack Iran if it makes a move first.
AMA Madison | The Social Media Academy's NCP Model and LinkedInWendy Soucie
Presentation given at the March 9, 2010 AMA Madison workshop on social media held at the American Family hadquarters in Madison WI. The topic covers applying the Social Media Academy's NCP model with LinkedIn after completing an assessment and strategy development.
The Turing test asked whether one could recognize the behavior of a human from that of a computer algorithm. Today this question has suddenly become very relevant in the context of social media, where text constraints limit the expressive power of humans, and real incentives abound to develop human-mimicking software agents called social bots. These elusive entities wildly populate social media ecosystems, often going unnoticed among the population of real people. Bots can be benign or harmful, aiming at persuading, smearing, or deceiving. Here we discuss the characteristics of modern, sophisticated social bots, and how their presence can endanger online ecosystems and our society. We then discuss current efforts aimed at detection of social bots in Twitter. Characteristics related to content, network, sentiment, and temporal patterns of activity are imitated by bots but at the same time can help discriminate synthetic behaviors from human ones, yielding signatures of engineered social tampering.
I was recently asked to put together a presentation on the fake news phenomenon for discussions with leading journalists and media institutions in a developing country, with extremely poor media literacy but strong growth around social media use, on how to both identify misleading content and also stem its flow, reach and influence.
Download the full presentation as a PowerPoint (with embedded videos) or as an Apple Keynote file, here - https://drive.google.com/open?id=0Bxbk4wYolphwcVk4bV85aEFtYXc
Brian Housand, Ph.D.
brianhousand.com
@brianhousand
In 2006, we first learned that even the brightest students were easily fooled by internet hoaxes like the Pacific Northwest Tree Octopus. While we tried to laugh this off as the folly of misguided youth, a decade later we witnessed the rise of fake news and its impact on the “post-truth” world of 2016 overrun by an ever-growing network of social media. To fight for truth, justice, and yes, even the American way, this session presents a collection of superhero-themed critical thinking activities designed to empower you and your students to conquer the evils of fake news.
This document discusses both the positives and negatives of increasing technology usage. It notes that while technology provides opportunities to share information, it can also enable safety and privacy issues if not used properly. Excessive technology use is changing how people learn, think, and form memories. It also notes that heavy technology and social media usage has been linked to negative impacts on emotions and well-being for both children and adults. Overall, the document advocates understanding technology's effects and avoiding becoming overly reliant on it at the expense of in-person interactions and mental health.
The Covid19 - Fighting Fake News Project deals with jointly fighting the menace of fake news related to Covid19 and how we, using WhatsApp as a medium, intend to propagate facts and real information to our audiences.
Our aim is to enable general public to scrutinize every news that they come across as we believe that misinformation/fake news is a bigger pandemic than Covid19.
The document discusses the escalating tensions between the U.S. and Iran. It mentions that the U.S. killed an Iranian general in Iraq, putting the U.S. in danger of retaliation from Iran. President Trump has threatened to attack Iranian cultural sites if Iran retaliates against the U.S. The document also provides links to articles about these events.
Facebook is introducing news flags to identify fake content on its platform. While this aims to limit the spread of misinformation, the approach has limitations. It is easy for activist groups to game the system by mass-flagging opposing views. Also, stories flagged as containing false information may not provide enough context about what exactly is false. Facebook could improve by helping debunking articles spread, showing more transparency in its fact-checking process, and supporting digital media literacy education for users.
This document outlines an agenda for a workshop on identifying and combating fake news. It introduces the presenter and provides context on what constitutes fake news and why it exists. Specifically, it discusses completely fabricated news, manipulated news, and biased news. It then explores reasons fake news exists, such as some creators making money from ad revenue and how critical thinking diminishes when people are angry or fearful. The workshop further explains how fake news can change history, lead to violence, and widen divisions. Activities are included to examine confirmation bias and rank the credibility of news sources. Participants are directed to the presenter's library guide for ongoing tools and resources to thwart fake news.
This slideshow was presented as part of the Johnson County Community College Retirees Association (JCCCRA) session on how to spot fake news. Several steps were outlined to verify the accuracy of everything from email chain letters to websites to Facebook postings. Included in the session was information on known fake news sites, fact checking sites and key characteristics of bogusness. The session was offered on May 15, 2017 on the JCCC campus.
Ai, social media and political polarizationJim Isaak
This document summarizes a presentation about how social media and artificial intelligence may be undermining democracy. Micro-targeting of political ads using vast user data allows messages to be tailored to small groups in a way that reinforces polarization. Automated bots and fake accounts spread both real and fake messages virally. Deep learning AI will make influence techniques even more sophisticated and difficult to detect. Studies show these tools have been used to shape elections internationally and in the US. The future may include advanced deepfakes and increased digital voter suppression efforts. Recommendations for 2020 include better detection of disinformation across platforms and improved media literacy education.
This document provides an overview of a class on the psychology and spread of fake news. It discusses factors that contribute to the belief and dissemination of fake news, including low political knowledge, confirmation bias, echo chambers on social media, and incentives for politicians to reinforce beliefs. It also outlines assignments for the class, including analyzing case studies of fake news articles through essays and presentations examining the source, content, and intended effects of the stories. Groups will analyze specific fake news stories and the document lists potential topics for each group.
This document discusses social media safety issues during times of crisis. It identifies two main issues: identifying locations during emergencies and targeted threats. During the Paris attacks, the hashtag #porteouverte was used by Parisians to signal a need for shelter but became overwhelmed with messages. The document also discusses whether governments should be allowed to screen social media for immigration and security purposes, given that the San Bernardino shooter's social media posts expressing support for jihad went undiscovered. It concludes with recommendations such as developing location-based services and guidelines for government access to social media.
This document discusses social media safety issues during times of crisis. It identifies two main issues: identifying locations during emergencies and targeted threats. During the Paris attacks, the hashtag #porteouverte was used by Parisians to signal a need for shelter but became overwhelmed with messages. The document also discusses whether governments should be allowed to screen social media for immigration and notes that the San Bernardino shooter's pro-jihad social media posts were missed prior to the attacks. It concludes with recommendations such as developing location-based services and guidelines for government access to social media.
This document summarizes a lecture on using data and artificial intelligence for good. It discusses setting goals for AI, such as the United Nations' 17 sustainable development goals. It also discusses challenges around data like clickbait and how bots can generate content. Finally, it talks about how AI may impact jobs and the need to focus on augmenting rather than automating tasks.
The document discusses both the benefits and drawbacks of increasing technology usage. It notes that while technology provides access to information, it can negatively affect how people think, feel and their safety. Excessive technology usage is linked to poorer memory, focus, emotions and impulse control. Children who overuse technology show less well-being and ability to read emotions compared to lighter users. The constant connectivity provided by technology also enables new safety issues like online bullying. Moderation of technology is advised to avoid being overly reliant on it.
Handling fake news and eyewitness mediaAlastair Reid
How to debunk hoaxes effectively, deal with graphic images and understand copyright on social media – as presented at the 2016 Online News Association annual conference
Presentation to European Parliament on fake news, changes in our media environment, and what can be done to ensure news and media serve our democracies, with links to underlying independent, evidence-based research.
BBC's shoddy analysis about fake news spread in India
PS: Fake news is being spread, there is NO doubt about that.
But there is no easy way to arrive at the outlandish conclusions they have arrived at. Take a look :-) They start off with some "data analysis" and call it qualitative research.
This document discusses social media and the rise of fake news. It provides examples of different types of fake news and misleading information. It discusses why the spread of misinformation is problematic as it undermines trust. The document then offers some tips on how to be more skeptical of information found online and encourages people to verify news from multiple sources. It also provides several case studies of successful social media marketing campaigns, including Always' "#LikeAGirl" campaign and O2's response to an outage, highlighting best practices around building brands and responding to crises online.
The document summarizes recent escalating events between the U.S. and Iran. It notes that a U.S. strike in Iraq killed a top Iranian general, putting the U.S. in danger of Iranian retaliation. Reports indicate the U.S. now feels vulnerable and that Iran is threatening the U.S. in response. The document also mentions that President Trump has threatened to destroy Iranian cultural sites if Iran attacks, and that the U.S. will attack Iran if it makes a move first.
AMA Madison | The Social Media Academy's NCP Model and LinkedInWendy Soucie
Presentation given at the March 9, 2010 AMA Madison workshop on social media held at the American Family hadquarters in Madison WI. The topic covers applying the Social Media Academy's NCP model with LinkedIn after completing an assessment and strategy development.
[Report] Social Media Buzz Analysis of Indian Election 2014 By Simplify 360Social Samosa
Simplify 360 has come up with a report Indian Election 2014 Social Media Buzz Analysis .Social media score and the favorability score in Indian Politics
Once again Simplify 360 has come up with an interesting analysis in a report – “Indian Election 2014, Social Media Buzz Analysis Report”. The report analyses and ranks top politicians and political parties based upon the social media buzz and Simplify 360 Social Index. The report analyses the social media buzz of political parties and leaders before and after Delhi Election.
The document discusses how social media and the internet have changed the political landscape and democratic processes. It outlines how politicians now embrace platforms like Facebook and YouTube to engage citizens, how citizens can use social media to discuss issues, communicate with politicians, and organize activism. Examples are given of Barack Obama's successful 2008 social media campaign and how social media was used in the UK 2010 election debates and Arab Spring uprisings to facilitate activism and drive political change.
Social media for political campaign in IndiaRavi Tondak
The document discusses the importance of social media in political campaigns. It notes that social media has become an essential tool for political parties and candidates to communicate with voters, especially youth voters. It provides statistics on user bases for platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Google+ and examines how different political parties in India, like the BJP, Congress, and AAP, utilize these and other social media platforms in their campaigns.
The document discusses a study on the role of Twitter in the 2010 Nevada Senate race between Harry Reid and Sharron Angle. It begins by providing background on Twitter and how it has been used in political campaigns. It then discusses different theories about how the internet and new technologies can impact political participation and engagement. Specifically, it examines the instrumental approach which posits that lower communication costs increase participation, and the psychological approach which argues individual motivations and attributes determine online political involvement. The document will analyze tweets from Reid and Angle's campaigns and compare them to mainstream media coverage, in order to understand how Twitter was utilized in this competitive Senate election.
This document discusses the use of Twitter during the 2008 US election campaign. It notes that Barack Obama's Twitter account became very popular and helped drive Twitter's growth. It also discusses how Twitter was used by various campaigns and politicians to engage voters, share announcements and updates, and mobilize supporters. The document concludes that candidates who engage voters on social media like Twitter have an advantage, and that political use of Twitter will likely continue increasing in importance going forward.
Here are 3 potential questions in 15 words or less about civic engagement and social media:
How can social media increase voter turnout?
What issues drive the most civic discussion online?
Can social networks organize real-world action?
Mae Khoory International DevelopmentReflection Paper 3 Dr. IPazSilviapm
Mae Khoory
International Development
Reflection Paper 3
Dr. Indrakshi Tandon
Critique the relationship between international financial institutions (i.e. the World Bank and the IMF) and developing nations, and their promotion of neoliberal economic policies.
The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund has expanded their global reach and exert a great amount of influence when dealing with foreign countries and their internal affairs. These financial institutions hold a lot of power when it comes to determining the future of a developing country (or any country whether rich or poor, that took a loan from them). A great example of how these financial institutions utilize their power is the in documentary watched in class, which exhibited the IMF and the Suharto Regime, their relations, what went wrong and the consequences suffered.
Just a brief summary of both financial institutions, the World Bank was founded at the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference (also known as the Bretton Woods Conference) in 1944. The International Monetary Fund was also founded alongside the World Bank in 1945, which was in the end of World War II. These financial institutions followed the Bretton Woods system; this system was used to control the value of money between countries. They were established in an era where the political climate was completely different than the current political climate. At the beginning, their aim was to help developing countries emerge from poverty and instability, but that slowly changed into an aggressive implementation of neoliberal economic policies that did more harm than good to the underdeveloped countries.
After gathering information and building up a fundamental idea of both these financial institutions and their forceful implementation of neoliberal policies on developing countries; I have concluded that developing countries are the puppets of these financial institutions, and these financial institutions are the puppets of the neoliberal “regime”. Firstly, why do I say neoliberal “regime”? Let us begin by defining a regime. In politics, a regime is a form of government (or a set of rules) that shapes the procedures of a government and its relationship with the society. In this case, the regime consists of private and powerful individuals who own large and powerful corporations that permit control for their own interests in order to gain profit; they shape the procedures of the (underdeveloped) society. I am pointing out the fact that these financial institutions use neoliberal policies as a form of governing on a country.
Why do I say puppet? In regards to the developing country’s relationship with these institutions, they fell into the hands of these powerful entities in (most likely) the desperation of their need for money. After being loaned the money, the IMF and the World Bank are able to control these countries’ internal affairs because now, they have a say in how they should use that money. Wher ...
The document discusses how Donald Trump's presidential campaign has been shaped by media coverage. It argues that Trump receives disproportionately more media attention than other candidates due to his inflammatory rhetoric. While most coverage has been negative due to racist, sexist, and xenophobic comments, the attention has still helped fuel his campaign by increasing his name recognition. Social media also plays a major role, as Trump is highly active on Twitter and controversial tweets can go viral quickly. The document concludes that as long as Trump continues making offensive statements, media will continue giving him extensive coverage, aiding his campaign.
Social media has become an important tool for political campaigns by allowing them to cheaply reach and engage with voters in real-time. Barack Obama mastered the use of platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Tumblr during his successful 2008 and 2012 presidential campaigns. He used these channels to cultivate grassroots support, fundraise, advertise, and rally voters. New tools are emerging that allow campaigns to better understand voter sentiment through social media analytics and polling.
Social media has become an important tool for political campaigns by allowing them to engage voters inexpensively and in real time. Barack Obama mastered social media in his 2008 and 2012 presidential campaigns, using platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube to cultivate grassroots support, fundraise, advertise, and rally voters. Looking forward, social media will continue to evolve how politicians and the public communicate and influence the political process.
Social media has become an important tool for political campaigns by allowing them to engage voters inexpensively and in real time. Barack Obama mastered social media in his 2008 and 2012 presidential campaigns, using platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube to cultivate grassroots support, fundraise, advertise, and rally voters. Looking forward, social media will continue to evolve how politicians and the public communicate and influence the political process.
Social media has become an important tool for political campaigns by allowing them to cheaply reach and engage with voters in real-time. Barack Obama mastered social media in his 2008 and 2012 presidential campaigns, using platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube to cultivate grassroots support, fundraise, advertise, and encourage interaction with over 24 million Facebook likes and over 11 million Twitter followers. Looking forward, social media will continue to evolve how politicians and voters communicate and influence the political process.
Using Tweets for Understanding Public Opinion During U.S. Primaries and Predi...Monica Powell
Abstract
Using social media for political analysis, especially during elections, has become popular in the past few years where many researchers and media now use social media to understand the public opinion and current trends. In this paper, we investigate methods for using Twitter to analyze public opinion and to predict U.S. Presidential Primary Election results. We analyzed over 13 million tweets from February 2016 to April 2016 during the primary elections, and we looked at tweets that mentioned either Hillary Clin- ton, Bernie Sanders, Donald Trump or Ted Cruz. First, we use the methods of sentiment analysis, geospatial analysis, net- work analysis, and visualizations tools to examine public opinion on twitter. We then use the twitter data and analysis results to propose a prediction model for predicting primary election results. Our results highlight the feasibility of using social media to look at public opinion and predict election results.
64The Empire Strikes Back Social Media Uprisings and .docxevonnehoggarth79783
64
The Empire Strikes Back:
Social Media Uprisings and
the Future of Cyber Activism
by Ramtin Amin
ramtin amin is a Master in Public Policy
student at the John f. Kennedy school of
Government at Harvard University where he
concentrates in international and global
affairs. He has conducted extensive
research at the nexus of technology and
democracy and plans to pursue doctoral
work in this field upon graduating.
Neda Agha-Soltan and a few close friends
headed toward the center of Tehran, Iran,
in June 2009 to join thousands of others
in an anti-government protest following
the disputed presidential election. After
becoming stuck in traffic, Agha-Soltan
and her friends eventually decided to exit
the car to cool off. As she stepped out and
gazed at the crowd, the sound of a
gunshot rang through the air. A single
bullet was fired, and she fell to
the ground.
Bystanders captured her last moments
on a cell phone, and within hours the
grainy, low-resolution footage was
uploaded to the Internet and soon spread
virally across the globe. With links to
the video posted on YouTube, Facebook,
and Twitter, the amateur clip eventually
harnessed the attention of the mainstream
media, grabbing headlines on CNN and
in the New York Times.
Agha-Soltan’s death became a symbol for
the Iranian anti-government movement,
and online social media amplified that
symbol for the rest of the world to see.
TRADITIONAL POWER CIRCUMVENTED
The image of Agha-Soltan’s death was not
one that Iran’s government wanted the
world to see. In a country notorious for
its media censorship, the emergence of
online social networking sites and cell
phone cameras now allows citizens to
bypass state-censored media instantly and
transmit a message or video clip to
countless others at little or no cost. Digital
media has enabled average citizens,
including the two bystanders at the scene
of Agha-Soltan’s death, to provoke
outrage and motivate millions of people
to their feet at the touch of a button. Such
a level of power was previously limited to
just a small number of people within a
governing regime or those leading an
opposition group.
But this phenomenon is not unique
to Iran. Around the world, social
networking sites like YouTube and
Facebook are becoming unlikely leaders
of political power, as citizens circumvent
single political or religious leaders to
become champions of their
own campaigns.
DIGITAL ACTIVISM IN ACTION
Digital activism, also known as cyber
activism or e-activism, describes how
citizens can use digital tools to effect
social and political change. These digital
tools range from mobile phones and
digital cameras to Web 2.0 social
networking sites like YouTube, Facebook,
and Twitter.
65harvard kennedy school review | volume 10 | 2009–2010
unlikely leaders
activism became recognized as a source of
political power.
NOT WITHOUT LIMITATIONS
The Burmese and Moldovan cases also
demonstrate tha.
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The impact of Social Media on politics and on democratic participation continues to divide opinion. The following report on the use of social media within politics includes the first comprehensive review of the use of social media by Irish political parties, politicians and government bodies.
The “Social Media in Politics” report looks at how use of Social Media is impacting politicians and political engagement, both here in Ireland and internationally.
It includes:
• The tactics used by President Obama and other world leaders and governments to engage with their peoples on Social Media
• A detailed analysis on use of Social Media by Irish political parties, politicians, state departments and bodies
• Examples and case studies of the positive and negative consequences of democratic participation on Social Media
John Twohig, Managing Partner of The Ahain Group, said “Our analysis indicates that many Irish political parties and their leadership are yet to develop an overarching strategy (or party line) when it comes to their Social Media presence, and, as a result, individual members are more often left to their own devices.”
For more information, contact The Ahain Group:
Email: info@ahaingroup.com
Social media is changing the world by allowing real-time communication across borders. It has helped raise funds for disaster relief in Haiti and spread awareness of political protests in Iran and other countries. However, some governments seek to restrict or monitor social media use over concerns about control and surveillance. While controversies exist, social media also enables new connections and opportunities for exposure. The future of social media globally remains uncertain, but participation continues to grow in all regions.
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Language of Politics on Twitter - 01 Political
1. Language of Politics on Twitter
Summer School in AI
American University Beirut
June 16, 2015
Yelena Mejova
@yelenamm
Social Computing Group
Qatar Computing Research Institute, HBKU
5. Buzz online equals money online.
Money online equals money off-line.
Money off-line equals GOTV [get out the vote],
which equals votes.
This is a very close-knit, tied-together thing.
Vincent Harris
Ron Paul’s chief digital strategist
2015
6. You used to be able to just interact
with your five or 10 talking heads
who went and did the TV shows, and
now you’ve got an infinite number of
social-media content creators.
And how do you herd the cats?
Vincent Harris
Ron Paul’s chief digital strategist
2015
7. Elections
“the crowning of the
Internet as the king of all
political media”
“the beginning of the
Internet presidency”
bloggeruniversity.wordpress.com
- on Obama's 2008 victory
Mitch Wagner, InformationWeek
8. When counting only fundraising that was
initially generated by digital efforts,
including email, social media, mobile and
the website, the [Obama] 2012 campaign
raised $504 million, up from $403 million in
2008
9. Transparency
“Instantaneous tweeting of shady
government practices -- and the resulting
uproar -- means that public bodies are
more responsive than ever”.
- Wesley Donehue, CNN
10.
11.
12. Mobilization
“This exercise of power has produced a
template for political action on a massive scale
fueled by social media.”
on PIPA and SOPA
Vivek Wadhwa, Washington Post
13.
14.
15.
16. Attention
Twitter is used to publicize protests that are already going
on -- and bring the world's attention to the acts of
violence committed by the regime.
There has, indeed, been a lot of criticism of the lack of
Iran-related coverage on CNN; Twitter users have even
organized an entire campaign to deal with this called
#cnnfail. I think they have been successful: CNN
executives/reporters eventually had to answer
questions about it.
on Iranian election
Evgeny Morozov, June 17, 2009
blogger for Foreign Policy
19. Can Twitter Tell Us What We're Feeling?
- Mashable
http://mashable.com/2012/04/17/twitter-feeling/
What does the Twitterverse think of Warren Buffett’s secretary?
- Washington Post
http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/post/mention-machine-what-does-the-twitterverse-
think-of-warren-buffetts-secretary/2011/09/30/gIQAnlWtAL_blog.html?wpisrc=nl_pmpolitics
Twitter Indicator Could Trump Polls for 2012 Election Measurement
- Mashable
http://mashable.com/2012/01/03/washington-post-twitter-elections/
Don't Bet On Social Media Picking Super Tuesday Winners
- ReadWriteWeb
http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/dont_bet_on_social_media_picking_super_tuesday_win.php
Twitter Cannot Predict Elections Either
- Technology Review
http://www.technologyreview.com/view/427807/twitter-cannot-predict-elections-either/
Twitter, Politics Don't Mix: Social Media Sites Not A Popular Source For
Political Info: Pew
- Huffington Post
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/07/twitter-politics-campaign-news-pew_n_1260057.html
19
20. questions
what do people really think about
issues/politicians?
who are the opinion leaders?
how will people vote?
how does traditional media affect people’s political
views?
what is traditional media missing/ignoring?
how can media or politicians sway political opinion?
21. next
twitter data:
what is it? how to get it?
how to process it?
NOW
If you don’t have one, get a Twitter account
or sit by somebody who has one
Now it is possible to quickly mobilize huge amounts of people for a cause. In early 2012 two bills were coming up for a vote in US which would allow law enforcement shut down internet domains which were deemed to be infringing on copyrights. But a massive online protest forced 40 members of congress to change their mind, and the bills did not pass.
protest and blackout of some of the major websites like Wikipedia, petitions organized by big players like Google, and phone calls and emails made via Craigslist
http://www.informationweek.com/news/government/212000815
http://edition.cnn.com/2012/04/24/opinion/donehue-social-media-politics/index.html
http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/on-innovations/social-medias-role-in-politics/2012/01/25/gIQAQvZgdQ_story.html#
Digital age has changed politics drastically.
Political figures must keep a public profile, and communicate with their constituents through email, twitter, facebook, etc.
It is now more difficult for government to conduct shady activities, with platforms for whistle blowing and for anonymously discussing our governments.
Now it is possible to quickly mobilize huge amounts of people for a cause. In early 2012 two bills were coming up for a vote in US which would allow law enforcement shut down internet domains which were deemed to be infringing on copyrights. But a massive online protest forced 40 members of congress to change their mind, and the bills did not pass.
protest and blackout of some of the major websites like Wikipedia, petitions organized by big players like Google, and phone calls and emails made via Craigslist
http://www.informationweek.com/news/government/212000815
http://edition.cnn.com/2012/04/24/opinion/donehue-social-media-politics/index.html
http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/on-innovations/social-medias-role-in-politics/2012/01/25/gIQAQvZgdQ_story.html#
SOPA/PIPA
Now it is possible to quickly mobilize huge amounts of people for a cause. In early 2012 two bills were coming up for a vote in US which would allow law enforcement shut down internet domains which were deemed to be infringing on copyrights. But a massive online protest forced 40 members of congress to change their mind, and the bills did not pass.
protest and blackout of some of the major websites like Wikipedia, petitions organized by big players like Google, and phone calls and emails made via Craigslist
http://www.informationweek.com/news/government/212000815
http://edition.cnn.com/2012/04/24/opinion/donehue-social-media-politics/index.html
http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/on-innovations/social-medias-role-in-politics/2012/01/25/gIQAQvZgdQ_story.html#
Both news media and the research community are full of stories praising social media as a political forum and skepticism as to whether we can get any clear political signal from it.
As a student dabbling both in sentiment analysis and interested in politics, this new trend has caught my attention. In particular,