language features

1. Language Features
used by male and female lectures
presented by Dragon Fruit Team

2. 1. Putri Risky Handayani (210203053)
2. Indah Fazilla (210203009)
3. Annisa Oktarima (210203147)
4. Rahadatul Aisy Assyifa (210203035)
5. Rahma Yanti (210203078)
6. M. Machdum Chairul Alam (210203092)
7. Salsabila Khalisa (200203093)
8. Indana Zulfa Azzahra Nst (20003005)

3. Intensifier
Intensifiers are adverbs or adverbial phrases that
strengthen the meaning of other expressions and show
emphasis. Words that we commonly use as intensifiers
include absolutely, completely, extremely, highly, rather,
really, so, too, totally, utterly, very.
When used in lecturers, intensifiers are not typically
associated with the gender of the lecturer, but rather with
the style and emphasis of their communication

4. The examples that could be used by lecturers of any gender
that is :
1. “This is an absolutely crucial concept for your
understanding”
2. “I want to emphasize how incredibly significant this
research is”
3. “Let me stress how vitally important it is to follow these
steps”
4. “This is truly a remakable achievement in the field”
5. “I can’t overstate the profound impact of this theory”

5. Opinion
Opinion is statements that express a writer's feelings,
attitudes, or beliefs. They are neither true nor false. They
are one person's view about a topic or issue.
Female lecturer : Indirect
The common methods female lecturers may use to express
their opinions that is Encouraging discussion (Female
lecturers may ask thought-provoking questions, present
scenarios, or share their opinions to stimulate critical
thinking and student angagement)

6. Male lecturer: Direct
Male lecturers give their opinions in various ways. Here are some
common methods male lecturers may use to give their opinion :
1. Verbal Expression
Examples : "In my opinion, this theory is crucial for understanding
the concept we're discussing"
2. Incorporation into Lecture content (Male lecturers may integrate
their opinions into the lecture material itself)
3. Encouranging Discussion (They might as questions or predent
scenarios to encourage students to think crotically and form their
own opinions while sharing their own thoughts in the process)
4. Use of Examples (Male lecturers may use real-world examples or case
studies yo illustrate their opinions or viewpoints on specific issues or
concept within the subject matter)

7. Tag questions
Tag questions is which are questions added to the end of a statement
to seek agreement or confirmation, can be used by lecturers of any
gender. Here are some examples of tag questions that can be used by
lecturers:
1. “This concept is clear, isn’t it?”
2. “You understand this concept, don’t you?”
3. “We should continue with this topic, shouldn’t we?”
4. “The answer is correct, isn’t it?”
5. “This example illustrates the point well, doesn’t it?”
Lecturers may use tag questions to engage their audience, check
comprehension, or encourage participation, regardless of their
gender.

8. Politeness
Politeness is a fundamental aspect of
effective communication and is
expected of both male and female
lecturers in a professional and
academic setting. Politeness involves
using courteous and respectful
language, tone, and behavior when
interacting with students or
audiences.
1.Using polite greetings and farewells
(Female)
2. Showing respect for diverse
perspectives and backgrounds (Male and
Female)
3. Addressing students with respect and
using appropriate titles (Male and Female)
4. Encouraging questions and discussions
in a respectful manner (Female)
5. Expressing gratitude when appropriate,
such as thanking students for their
participation (Female)

9. Politeness in lectures helps create
a positive and inclusive learning
environment and fosters
effective communication between
lecturers and students,
regardless of gender.

10. Slang
Slang is informal language often used by specific groups or
generations in everyday communication. Slang can change over time.
Male lecturer
A male lecturer might avoid using slang when speaking in the classroom
to maintain professionalism.
Example: -
Female lecturer
Female lecturer also tend to avoid slang in academic contexts, as slang
is usually less formal.
Example:
-

11. Report Talk
Report talk is a speaking style that tends to focus on conveying
information, facts, or reports without expressing much personal
emotion or feelings.
Male lecturer
A male lecturer may use report talk while giving a lecture and
presenting data or research findings.
Example: “The research results indicate that…”
Female lecturer
A female lecturer can also employ report talk when delivering academic
presentations that emphasize objective information.
Example: “In this report, we will discuss the significant findings.”

12. Bad Words (Cursing)
Bad words or cursing refers to the use of rude, vulgar, or inappropriate language
in communication. It is often used to express dissatisfaction or negative
emotions.
Male Lecturer
A male lecturer might use curse words when frustrated with disrespectful
behavior by students in the classroom.
Example:
Female Professor
A female professor may also use curses when facing highly aggravating situations.
Example:

13. Sentimental language
Sentimental language involves using words or expressions that refer to someone’s
feelings, emotions, or sentiments. It is typically used to convey affection, care, or
empathy.
Male lecturer
A male lecturer might use sentimental language to encourage students who are
facing difficulties.
Example: “I deeply care about your progress, and I believe you can overcome this.”
Female lecturer
A female lecturer can also use sentimental language when offering support to
students in challenging situations.
Example: “I’m genuinely touched by your hard work in facing this challenge.”

14. Lexical density
Lexical density refers to the ratio of
content words (words that carry
meaning) to the total number of words
in a given text or speech.
Lexical density in lectures is not
inherently tied to the gender of the
lecturer. Lecturers of any gender can
have varying levels of lexical density
depending on the subject matter,
teaching style, and audienc
Some lectures may require a higher
lexical density, particularly in
technical or academic disciplines
where precision and clarity are
essential. In contrast, other lectures,
such as those aimed at a general
audience, may have a lower lexical
density to make the content more
accessible.

15. The use of lexical density is a matter of
communication strategy and the
specific needs of the lecture, rather
than being gender-specific. Both male
and female lecturers can adapt their
language and lexical density to
effectively convey information to
their audience.

16. Hyper correct grammar
Hypercorrect grammar refers to the use of
grammar rules and language conventions in an
overly rigid or formal manner, often resulting in
sentences that sound awkward or unnatural to
native speakers. It typically involves an excessive
adherence to rules, even when those rules don’t
apply to the specific context.
In conversations between lecturers and students,
both male and female lecturers will usually use
good and correct grammar.
Examples:
It is very important that you understand the
basic principles of this subject matter.”
“I would appreciate it if you could submit the
assignment on time.”
“I must emphasize the importance of adhering
to the established academic guidelines.”
“Please be advised that it is very important to
show unwavering dedication to your studies.”
“I would like to offer my assistance in clarifying
ambiguities in the lecture material.”
“I encourage you to utilize the various
educational resources available to you."
“I trust that you will demonstrate the utmost
professionalism in all your academic endeavors.”

17. Language and Vocabulary
(Male Lecturer)
Language :
Male lecturers often use plain and direct language to ensure clarity
and understanding among their students. This approach involves
using simple and straightforward words and explanations without
unnecessary jargon or complexity. It helps students grasp the
material more easily and effectively
Vocabulary :
Male lecturers often use plain and direct vocabulary to convey
information clearly and effectively to their students. This means
using simple words and terms that are easily understood, avoiding
unnecessary complexity or technical jargon. It helps ensure that the
material is accessible and comprehensible to a wide range of learners.

18. Language and Vocabulary
(Female Lecturer)
Language :
Female lecturers may also use extensive
apposition language to provide additional
context or details about a topic. This involves
adding descriptive phrases, examples, or
clarifications within a sentence to enhance
comprehension.
For instance, they might say, “The
mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell,
generate energy through a process called cellular
respiration.” This technique can help students
gain a deeper understanding of the subject
matter.
Vocabulary:
Female lecturers may use extensive apposition
vocabulary to provide additional context,
precision, and richness to their lectures. This
technique involves using descriptive phrases,
synonyms, or explanatory terms alongside
the main vocabulary to enhance
understanding and engagement.
Example:
“The city is big,” a lecturer might use
extensive apposition and say, “The city, a
sprawling metropolis, is home to millions of
people.” This approach can make the content
more vivid and informative for students.

19. Thank you
for your attention