Language acquisition is the process by which humans develop the ability to understand and use language. There have been several theories that attempted to explain this process, including Skinner's theory of reinforcement and Chomsky's theory of universal grammar. Contemporary research has led to hypotheses such as the acquisition-learning distinction, the natural order hypothesis, the monitor hypothesis, the input hypothesis, and the affective filter hypothesis. Language acquisition occurs in stages from babbling to one-word utterances to telegraphic speech and finally fluency. First and second language acquisition follow similar stages but second language acquisition takes longer to progress through the stages.

1. GUADALUPE APONTE AYALA
JOSE HUGO OCAMPO REA
MARIBEL BARRIOS PAREJA
MARIANA G.L

2. Is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to
perceive and comprehend language.

3. EARLY THEORIES: Skinner -1957
UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR: Noam Chomsky-1965
CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH

4. 1) THE ACQUISITION-LEARNING DISTINCTION
States that language acquirers are not
usually aware of the fact that they are
acquiring language.

5. 2) THE NATURAL ORDER HYPOTHESIS
States that individuals tend to acquire certain grammatical
morphemes, or functions words, earlier than others.

6. 3) THE MONITOR HYPOTHESIS
• States that a second language performer can use conscious rules
only when three conditions are met:
-TIME
-FOCUS ON FORM
-KNOW THE RULE

7. 4) THE INPUT HYPOTHESIS
• states that learners progress in their knowledge of a language
when they comprehend language input that is slightly more
advanced than their current level.

8. 5) THE AFFECTIVE FILTER HYPOTHESIS
• states that learners' ability to acquire language is constrained if
they are experiencing negative emotions such as fear or
embarrassment.
1.- MOTIVATION: +
2.-SELF-CONFIDENCE: +
3.-ANXIETY: -

9. WOLFANG KLEIN: Three kinds of language acquisition
Language acquisition (1st)
 Second language acquisition (2nd)
Reacquisition
The “sensitive period” of language acquisition in which human infants
have the ability to learn any language.

10. FIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE
BABBLING PREPRODUCTION
This stage is self explanatory in which
a child begins to make random sounds
with their vocal cords.
During this stage, the individual has
minimal comprehension of the
language and cannot make sense of
words, neither in understanding nor
speaking.
FIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE
ONE-WORD EARLY PRODUCTION
A child can begin to utter recognizable
words or at least phonemes that
resemble words or simple phrases.
During this period, the individual
begins to grasp simple concepts in the
foreign language and has the ability to
produce simple, one or two phrases.

11. FIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE
TWO-WORD SPEECH EMERGENCE
The child begins to develop more
complex phrases with multiple
words which form a more complete
thought than in the previous one.
The individual can construct simple
phrases and communicate basic
ideas. The individual
comprehension improves greatly
but production is still low.
FIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE
TELEGRAPHIC INTERMEDIATE FLUENCY
The child’s ability to form complete
sentences emerges. Their words
have more of a purpose rather than
simply identifying objects and
people like in the previous stages
The individual is able to form
complete thoughts and sentences.
Their grammatical errors reduce and
they make more of a conscious
effort to speak correctly.

12. FIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE
FINAL STAGE FINAL STAGE
The child can verbally produce
completely sentences , thoughts,
and ideas.
The individual can verbally produce
completely sentences , thoughts,
and ideas.