The document outlines José Rizal's contributions to the propaganda movement advocating for reforms against Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines, highlighting key goals such as legal equality and civil freedoms. It discusses the formation of 'La Solidaridad,' a newspaper that voiced the movement's aims and prominent figures involved. Despite their efforts, the movement ultimately failed to achieve its objectives due to internal conflicts, lack of funds, and the colonial government's resistance.

1. This section provides a summary of Rizal’s contributions to
the Propaganda Movement that called for reforms from the
Spanish colonial government in the Philippines. In particular,
this section explains the principle of assimilation as
advocated by the Propaganda Movement led by La
Solidaridad.

2. Upon his arrival in Europe, Rizal linked up to his fellow
Filipinos and they established a number of
organizations to strengthen their identity as simple
collective group of Filipinos embarking on the Paris
Exposition of 1899.

3. Specifically, the Propagandists aims were the following:
1. Reinstate the former representation of the Philippines in the Cortes Generales or Spanish
Parliament.
2. Secularize the clergy (i.e. use secular or diocesan priest rather than clergy from a religious
order).
3. Legalize Spanish and Filipino equality.
4. Reestablish Spanish citizenship for Filipinos.
5. Reestablish the Philippines as a province of Spain.
6. Abolish polo y servicios (labor service) and the bandala (forced sale of local products to the
government).
7. Guarantee basic civil freedoms.
8. Provide equal opportunity for Filipinos and Spanish to enter government service.

4. • José Alejandrino
• José María Basa
• Ariston Limpingco Bautista
• Anastacio Carpio
• Dominador Gómez
• Graciano López Jaena, publisher of La Solidaridad
• Marcelo H. del Pilar - the editor and co-publisher of the La Solidaridad and wrote under the name
"Plaridel"
• Eduardo de Lete
• Francisco Tongio Liongson
• Antonio Novicio Luna - wrote for La Solidaridad under the name "Taga-Ilog"
• Juan Luna - painter and sculptor
• Miguel Moran
• José María Panganiban - wrote for La Solidaridad under the name "Jomapa"
• Pedro Paterno - served as prime minister of the first Philippine Republic
• Mariano Ponce - wrote for La Solidaridad under the name "Tikbalang"
• Antonio María Regidor y Jurado
• Isabelo de los Reyes
• Dr. Jose Rizal - author of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, wrote for La Solidaridad under the
name "Laon Laan"
• Teodoro Sandiko
• Valentín Ventura
• Máximo Viola

5. • In February 17, 1872, Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto Zamora
(Gomburza), all Filipino priest, was executed by the Spanish colonizers on charges of
subversion.
• The charges against Fathers Gomez, Burgos and Zamora was their alleged complicity
in the uprising of workers at the Cavite Naval Yard. The death of Gomburza awakened
strong feelings of anger and resentment among the Filipinos.
• They questioned Spanish authorities and demanded reforms. The martyrdom of the
three priests apparently helped to inspire the organization of the Propaganda Movement,
which aimed to seek reforms and inform Spain of the abuses of its colonial government.
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6. In 1888 Filipino expatriate
journalist Graciano López
Jaena founded the
newspaper La Solidaridad in
Barcelona. Throughout its
course, La Solidaridad urged
reforms in both religion and
government in the Philippines,
and it served as the voice of
what became known as the
Propaganda Movement.
three leading figures of the
Propaganda Movement
Graciano Lopez-Jaena
Jose P. Rizal
Marcelo H. Del Pilar

7. the essay rationally countered
the accusations by Spaniards
that Filipinos were indolent lazy.
aims to make fun of the Christian values
that Spaniards implemented and contradict
what they say from what they actually doing.
He uses Filipino language to call actions
among Filipinos.
a satirical short novel written
by Lopez-Jaena about an
unflattering portrait of a
provincial friar.
a satire written by Marcelo H Del
Pilar criticizing the Spanish
government that controlled the
Philippines at the time. Originally
published in the newspaper
“Diariong Tagalog,” the piece
mocks Spanish friars in particular.

8. In order to help achieve
its goals, the Propaganda
Movement put up its own
newspaper, called La
Solidaridad.
The Soli, as the
reformists fondly called
their official organ,
came out once every
two weeks.
The first issue saw print
was published on
November 15, 1895.
The Solidaridad’s first
editor was Graciano
Lopez Jaena. Marcelo
H. del Pilar took over
in October 1889.

9. The propaganda movement did not succeed in its pursuit of reforms.
The colonial government did not agree to any of its demands. Spain
itself was undergoing a lot of internal problems all that time, which
could explain why the mother country failed to heed the Filipino’s
petitions.
The friars, on the other hand, were at the height of their power and
displayed even more arrogance in flaunting their influence. They had
neither the time nor the desire to listen to the voice of the people.

10. Many of the reformists showed a deep love for their country, although they still
failed to maintain a united front. Because most of them belonged to the upper
middle class, they had to exercise caution in order to safeguard their wealth and
other private interests.
Personal differences and petty quarrels, apart from the lack of funds, were also a
hindrance to the movements success. Lastly, no other strong and charismatic
leader emerged from the group aside from Jose Rizal.

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