A Slide of Computer Graphics

1. CSE 4103: Computer Graphics
Introduction
MD. KHALID SYFULLAH
LECTURER, DEPARTMENT OF CSE, BAUST
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2. Graphics
What is graphics?
Pictorial representation of data
 Can be visual images or designs on some surface, such as a wall, canvas,
screen, paper, or even a stone!
Examples
• Drawings
• Line graphs
• Diagrams
• Numbers
• Maps
• And many more……
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3. Computer Graphics
So what is Computer Graphics?
Simply, Images that are generated by a computer are called computer
graphics.
The term computer graphics has been used in a broad sense to describe
almost everything on computers that is not text or sound.
Computer graphics usually refers the Image data created by a computer
specifically with help from specialized graphical hardware and software
Formal Definition
Computer Graphics is the process of creation and manipulation of synthetic
images and animations using the aid of computer.
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4. Synthetic Image vs Real Image
Real Image
 Obtained by an imaging device such as a camera, which converts the light from a scene to
pixel values
 Due to the image formation process that obeys the laws of physics, real images are rich,
complex and often noisy and textured
Synthetic Image
 A synthetic image is obtained by pure computation
 It is generated by modelling the real world and simulating the laws of physics by us
Current technology has the abilities to generate such synthetic images that will be impossible
to be separated from a real image.
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5. Synthetic Image vs Real Image
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6. Computer Graphics Scopes
Imaging
 Representing 2D images
Modeling
 Representing 3D objects
Rendering
 Constructing 2D images from 3D models
Animation
 Simulating changes over time
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7. Computer Graphics - Applications
Computer Aided Design
 Structural design – design of buildings, bridges, car, aircraft, many more
 Electrical circuit, mechanical design
 Integration of computing and display resources
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8. Computer Graphics - Applications
Computer Art
 Creation of fine and commercial art which include animation packages, paint packages etc.
 Provide facilities for designing object shapes and specifying object motion, cartoon drawing,
paintings, logo design and many more
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9. Computer Graphics - Applications
Medical Visualization
◦ Tools for visualizing diagnosis
◦ Drive issues of precision and correctness
◦ Focus on presentation and interpretation of data
◦ Construction of models from acquired data
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10. Computer Graphics - Applications
Scientific Data Visualization
 It is superb tool for presenting complex scientific data in a way that can be easily grasped
 Complex graphs, complex relationship among different variables can be generated easily
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11. Computer Graphics - Applications
Education and Training
 Computer generated model can aid easy understanding (education).
 Low cost and very effective
 Various simulator can be used for practice / training session for aircraft pilot, heavy equipment
operators.
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12. Computer Graphics - Applications
Entertainment:
 Highly used in movie industry and game industry.
 Used for creating motion pictures , music video, television shows, cartoon animation films.
 In the game industry where focus and interactivity are the key players, computer graphics helps in
providing such features in the efficient way.
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13. Computer Graphics - Applications
Computer Vision and Image processing
 Improving Picture quality
 Machine perception of visual info
Process control
 The ability to monitor and adjust a process to give a desired output
Cartography
 The art and science of graphically representing a geographical area, usually on a flat surface such as a
map or chart
GUI
 Graphical User Interface
And many more……
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14. Why Study Computer Graphics?
We all have used computer graphics, now we’ll know the theory and
mathematics behind it.
Graphics is interesting
 Involves simulation, AI, algorithms, architecture
It’ll help to develop necessary skills to understand the fundamentals of
interactive computer graphics, creating content for virtual and augmented
reality, and working with animation software
It will also help to understand how video games and computer simulations are
created
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15. What We’ll Learn from this course?
Graphics hardware
 Input Devices: Mouse, Keyboard, Touchpad etc.
 Output Devices: Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), Raster Scan Displays, Random Scan Displays, Color
Monitor, Plasma Panel, LCD, LED monitors
Scan Conversion
 The process of representing continuous graphics object as a collection of discrete pixels
Curves and surfaces
 Different types of curves and surfaces in graphics system
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16. What We’ll Learn from this course?
Graphics pipeline
 Graphics pipelining means the process of dividing graphics execution process into different
stages
• Application Stage
• Geometry Stage
• Rasterization Stage
Application Stage
 Entirely done in software by the CPU
 Read Data by user’s input (by mouse, keyboard, touchpad or other)
 In response to the user’s input, the application stage change the view or scene
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17. What We’ll Learn from this course?
Geometry Stage
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18. What We’ll Learn from this course?
Rasterization Stage
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19. What We’ll Learn from this course?
We’ll learn every steps of graphics pipeline in details
We’ll also learn
Fractals
Ray tracing
Light models
Color models
Graphics programming
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20. Instructions
Computer graphics is actually a very fun subject, but the concepts
must be learned very clearly.
It is a mathematical subject, so regular practice is essential.
The concepts of matrix multiplication and basic trigonometry must
be thoroughly understood.
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21. References
Computer Graphics
 Donald Hearn, M Pauline Baker
 Pearson Education
Theory and Problems of Computer Graphics
 R. Plastock, Zhigang Xiang
 (Schaum’s Outline Series) McGraw Hill
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22. Thank You
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