This document discusses the concept of credibility in online spaces and the ethical issues that can arise. It begins by describing a scenario where a gym receptionist, Maya, presents herself as an expert fitness trainer online and gives health and diet advice without proper credentials. While her intentions are good, her lack of transparency about her qualifications is problematic.
The document then examines how credibility is established both offline through credentials and experience, and online through the quality of one's contributions and feedback from communities. It explores the promises of online credibility, like opportunities for youth to demonstrate expertise, but also the perils, such as deception about one's identity or motives. Maya's scenario highlights tensions between offline and online conceptions of credibility. Overall, the document
Building Your Social Credibility In The Era Of Standard Of Trust Leadership. In this hyper-connected, hyper-transparent, and hyper-competitive world; it is now riskier to your business as a leader, owner, or professional not to build your social credibility on social media. This is a high-level presentation on understanding the Why and the Risks.
How to Build Massive Credibility with Your ListSean Mize
Credibility is a vital part of building trust and making sales. Here’s how you can build credibility with your subscribers while still encouraging them to buy your products.
My top 30 lessons on my 30th birthday. 1. No one owns you. 2. Tell your own narrative. 3. Know your competitive advantage. 4. Being weird is friggin’ awesome. 5. Always be planning. 6. Take short-term losses for long-term gain. 7. The world does not want to be changed. 8. You will make enemies. 9. Few things are personal. 10. Troublemakers win historical battles. 11. Tact and diplomacy should be in your toolkit. 12. Don’t always pay the cost if you’re not the boss. Knowing when to follow is essential. 13. Understand family pathologies.
14. Don’t forget whence you came. 15. Understand privilege. 16. Defy expectations daily. 17. Seek wise counsel. 18. The 48 Laws of Power rule every institution – from street-corner drugs to the halls of Harvard. 19. Forgive. I’ve wasted too much time holding grudges. 20. Take care of yourself. 21. You never know what people are struggling with. 22. Sometimes, s#*t just doesn’t work out. 23. Be ready to start over. 24. Trust your instinct.
25. Be authentic. 26. Live life on your own terms. 27. Own your mistakes. 28. Tell people you care while you can. 29. You are enough. 30. Time is your most precious resource.
Building Credibility with Audiences Through WritingTrent M Kays
These are my presentation slides for my 2012 Minnesota Blogger Conference talk on September 22, 2012.
These slides were prepared in Keynote. If you need a copy in PowerPoint, please contact me.
With an increasing number of people joining Linkedin, it is becoming an important tool in managing and developing your online credibility. Most people understand the basics to setting up the profile, but beyond that they do not understand the potential of how they can use this online networking to:
- Increase traffic to their website
- Become an online expert within your niche
- Build trust with existing & potential customers
- Build rapport with your existing network
To build a relevant and credible personal brand, you must be clear on your values. Personal brands that are credible stand the test of time. Many leaders seek to build personal brands that can influence, impact and inspire others. The first step is to be seen as credible. Learn how to build credibility here!
Building A Company - 11 Steps For Creating A Great ProductMarcus Nelson
Startup Weekend Orange County 2015 #SWOC15
In this presentation, Marcus Nelson gives some no-nonsense advice for building a great software product.
Ever notice how successful Internet entrepreneurs keep saying that you should build your site by listening to your users -- But no one ever explains how to get user feedback and how to integrate their ideas into your business.
Here are edited excerpts:
1. Build your team
Having a team has everything to do with having more ears to listen to your audience. My personality is that I’m a social butterfly. And I’m constantly looking for the next flower to pollinate, so to speak. Not everybody is going to do that.
2. Build for speed
You start with the core that people can see and say, “Yeah, that’s good. But what would make it better is putting the layers on.” As those little requests came in, we added features.
3. start with crap
Don’t be afraid to start with a less than perfect product. Don’t be afraid of having it be too simple. The idea is just to get people using the product. Customers are going to tell you how to make it better.
4. See the site with strangers
Your friends are going to try to make you feel good. They’re not going to say the hard things. So work with strangers.
5. Offer an easy way to listen to feedback
You can’t just put a feedback button on your site and hope people will come. You have to promote it. You have to tell people you’re listening.
6. Release your beta
There’s value in letting people know that it’s not a finished product that we’re stumbling through this a little bit.
7. Have everyone on the team sell
You need to start making money. And whether you’re doing it as a bootstrapped company or you’re going after venture funding, you still need cash flow.
8. Get marquee accounts
You need to be able to show recognizable companies are using our company, creates credibility.
9. Stay lean and hungry
Do whatever you have to do to save money. Make it last.
10. Be capital efficient
Keep your day job. Don’t put yourself in a pressure situation where you have to make money right off the bat.
11. Sell, sell, sell
photo credits: https://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk
Building Your Social Credibility In The Era Of Standard Of Trust Leadership. In this hyper-connected, hyper-transparent, and hyper-competitive world; it is now riskier to your business as a leader, owner, or professional not to build your social credibility on social media. This is a high-level presentation on understanding the Why and the Risks.
How to Build Massive Credibility with Your ListSean Mize
Credibility is a vital part of building trust and making sales. Here’s how you can build credibility with your subscribers while still encouraging them to buy your products.
My top 30 lessons on my 30th birthday. 1. No one owns you. 2. Tell your own narrative. 3. Know your competitive advantage. 4. Being weird is friggin’ awesome. 5. Always be planning. 6. Take short-term losses for long-term gain. 7. The world does not want to be changed. 8. You will make enemies. 9. Few things are personal. 10. Troublemakers win historical battles. 11. Tact and diplomacy should be in your toolkit. 12. Don’t always pay the cost if you’re not the boss. Knowing when to follow is essential. 13. Understand family pathologies.
14. Don’t forget whence you came. 15. Understand privilege. 16. Defy expectations daily. 17. Seek wise counsel. 18. The 48 Laws of Power rule every institution – from street-corner drugs to the halls of Harvard. 19. Forgive. I’ve wasted too much time holding grudges. 20. Take care of yourself. 21. You never know what people are struggling with. 22. Sometimes, s#*t just doesn’t work out. 23. Be ready to start over. 24. Trust your instinct.
25. Be authentic. 26. Live life on your own terms. 27. Own your mistakes. 28. Tell people you care while you can. 29. You are enough. 30. Time is your most precious resource.
Building Credibility with Audiences Through WritingTrent M Kays
These are my presentation slides for my 2012 Minnesota Blogger Conference talk on September 22, 2012.
These slides were prepared in Keynote. If you need a copy in PowerPoint, please contact me.
With an increasing number of people joining Linkedin, it is becoming an important tool in managing and developing your online credibility. Most people understand the basics to setting up the profile, but beyond that they do not understand the potential of how they can use this online networking to:
- Increase traffic to their website
- Become an online expert within your niche
- Build trust with existing & potential customers
- Build rapport with your existing network
To build a relevant and credible personal brand, you must be clear on your values. Personal brands that are credible stand the test of time. Many leaders seek to build personal brands that can influence, impact and inspire others. The first step is to be seen as credible. Learn how to build credibility here!
Building A Company - 11 Steps For Creating A Great ProductMarcus Nelson
Startup Weekend Orange County 2015 #SWOC15
In this presentation, Marcus Nelson gives some no-nonsense advice for building a great software product.
Ever notice how successful Internet entrepreneurs keep saying that you should build your site by listening to your users -- But no one ever explains how to get user feedback and how to integrate their ideas into your business.
Here are edited excerpts:
1. Build your team
Having a team has everything to do with having more ears to listen to your audience. My personality is that I’m a social butterfly. And I’m constantly looking for the next flower to pollinate, so to speak. Not everybody is going to do that.
2. Build for speed
You start with the core that people can see and say, “Yeah, that’s good. But what would make it better is putting the layers on.” As those little requests came in, we added features.
3. start with crap
Don’t be afraid to start with a less than perfect product. Don’t be afraid of having it be too simple. The idea is just to get people using the product. Customers are going to tell you how to make it better.
4. See the site with strangers
Your friends are going to try to make you feel good. They’re not going to say the hard things. So work with strangers.
5. Offer an easy way to listen to feedback
You can’t just put a feedback button on your site and hope people will come. You have to promote it. You have to tell people you’re listening.
6. Release your beta
There’s value in letting people know that it’s not a finished product that we’re stumbling through this a little bit.
7. Have everyone on the team sell
You need to start making money. And whether you’re doing it as a bootstrapped company or you’re going after venture funding, you still need cash flow.
8. Get marquee accounts
You need to be able to show recognizable companies are using our company, creates credibility.
9. Stay lean and hungry
Do whatever you have to do to save money. Make it last.
10. Be capital efficient
Keep your day job. Don’t put yourself in a pressure situation where you have to make money right off the bat.
11. Sell, sell, sell
photo credits: https://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk
Learning Objective: Discover how to address generational differences to leverage each generation’s strength
Today’s workforce is comprised of four different generations: The Silent Generation, Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y. These generations are unique in the blend of the defining events that have shaped their lives, the values that they hold dear, and in the way they navigate their careers. Several studies have been conducted to provide a greater understanding into the differences and similarities of these generations. This interactive discussion will shed light on the generational divide to enable your organization to facilitate a greater interconnection across these generations and within organizations.
At the end of this seminar, participants will:
a. Understand workplace generational differences and similarities
b. Challenge stereotypes and explore truisms for each generation
c. Identify methods to communicate and collaborate across generations
In addition to internships, mentoring has emerged as a strong response to market readiness. This presentation details how a partnership with a local business network of 3,000 business leaders led to a required, for-credit, and formal mentoring experience for business students.
Social media can be a powerful tool for storytelling but there are some ethical considerations one has to make. Privacy of those you serve, your obligation to your board, and how you brand yourself on social media are some of the many considerations you have to make. This presentation will explore some ethical dilemma' s a non-profit can face and how your can reduce risks that may come along.
About presenter:
Sean Erreger, is a licensed clinical social worker practicing in the area that also does training around best practices of social media for mental health, healthcare, and non-profits. You can find him at www.stuckonsocialwork.com
Great tips, resources, best practices and strategies for entrepreneurs, start-ups, professionals and small business owners.to plan launch and grow successful businesses.
Chormvirak photo
Chormvirak at Camma\s
Leadership and Management
Moulsem Chormvirak Photo
AEON Specialized Bank at Sunway Hotel
Trainning
Chormvirak Moulsem
ការប្រឈមនៃការចំណាកស្រុករបស់ពលករខ្មែរទៅប្រទេសថៃ - Immigration of Cambodian to ...Chormvirak Moulsem
ការប្រឈមនែការចំណាកស្រុករបស់ពលករខ្មែរទៅប្រទេសថៃ - Immigration of Cambodian to Thailand for working Research Paper - Royal University of Laws and Economics Master Degree
The 7 habits highly effective teens slide presentation for PUC studentChormvirak Moulsem
Stephen R. Covey's book, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People®, has been a top-seller for the simple reason that it ignores trends and pop psychology for proven principles of fairness, integrity, honesty, and human dignity. Celebrating its fifteenth year of helping people solve personal and professional problems, this special anniversary edition includes a new foreword and afterword written by Covey exploring the question of whether the 7 Habits are still relevant and answering some of the most common questions he has received over the past 15 years.
The Company and its subsidiaries focus on operating its business taking into account the ethics and Good Corporate Governance,
including transparency and a commitment to promoting the interests of the economics, community and the environment through
its Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policies. As part of its CSR policies, the Company and its subsidiaries organize charitable
events encouraging its employees to participate in various activities, including environmental conservation, supporting sporting
events as well as supporting religious and cultural traditions to sustainably strengthen the society and community.
Walmart Save the Day - Management of-change-presentationChormvirak Moulsem
In most countries, supermarket chains create and manage well-oiled supply chains to offer consumers lower prices and dampen inflationary trends. Inflation in India is touching decade-highs. But then it’s a fallacy that in India it is always about low price’. Companies like Tata, Birla and Reliance have all attempted to enter food-and-grocery retailing in India with mixed success. Will Wal-Mart’s supply chain work in India
Kulen Mineral Water - NOW, EVERY CAMBODIAN CAN DRINK HEALTHY, NATURAL MINERAL...Chormvirak Moulsem
In the context of my studies, I had to do a three months internship in a foreign country. So I was looking for a good internship and a good country. I’m very interested by the wine business and the wine in general. So I wanted to do my internship in this sector to learn more about the marketing tools, strategies and habits of this market. Then, I was very attracted by the Asia, not by a special place but I really wanted to discover this continent.
By my network, I knew that a French businessman has created his own company in Cambodia. A marketing company which offer to communicate for big wine’s producers all around the world. I’ve heard that at this time, the company got one head office in Singapore, one operative unit in China and a representative office in Cambodia. So it sounds very interesting for me and in May 2013, I decided to apply to get an internship in the head office of Singapore.
Unfortunately, the company was not able to offer me an internship of three months in the head office because they don’t use to offer less than 6 months internship and also because they were already full in Singapore. But after one month, the CEO, M. Olivry emails me again to offer me an internship of three months in Cambodia mainly focused on the a mineral water local brand called “Kulara Water”. So, even if it was not what I expected first, after consideration, I accepted the offer. Mainly because all I’ve heard and ridden about Cambodia was very interesting and also because the mineral water is a very interesting product and market to develop in Cambodia.
To summarize, I prepared my first trip Alone, in Asia, during Three months. I think these are the main difficulties I’ve found in my internship. First, I had to change my way of think, understand a new culture and adapt myself to this country. This, I had to do it alone, with no parents here to take care, no friends etc… And of course, it’s not holidays in a five stars hotel during three weeks, no. Three months of living in the Khmer1 lifestyle.
20 liters per person per day from a source within 1 kilometer of the household is deemed sufficient for adequate drinking and personal hygiene.
Rural areas lag far behind cities in access to water with more than 653 million people using an unimproved water source or ground water.
In Siem Reap, it’s estimated that 4.6 million water bottles are generated by the tourism industry alone. That’s not including local consumption. That figure is based on the average visitor stay and daily consumption, and number of visitors per year.
Fisheries provides food security to the majority of the countries population in terms of protein and essential minerals and Vitamins as rice and fish constitute the stable diet of most Cambodians.
Comparative of Judaism’s Fasting and Islamic’s Fasting. Religion is the key that we well-known as the way to teach people live in an exceptional life. When people committed to different religious traditions come together to discuss common themes, they often find their own practices and understandings enriched and enlightened. Religion plays the importance role in human’s life in the loving-kindness way and global destiny as well as animal living. In the world’s history there are 3 main monotheistic religion which existed since the first world civilization born such as Judaism, Islamic and Christianity. These three main religion seem very similar to each other because they believe in only one god, they believe their religion’s bible which mean the Judaism believe in Torah while Islamic believe in Quran and Christianity believe in The new and the old testament yet the history of the bible has shown that they came from the same resource in Israel. In addition, Fasting is one of the most ritual in these religion notably Fasting between Judaism and Islamic.
Comparative religion - Comparative of Judaism’s Fasting and Islamic’s FastingChormvirak Moulsem
Religion is the key that we well-known as the way to teach people live in an exceptional life. When people committed to different religious traditions come together to discuss common themes, they often find their own practices and understandings enriched
and enlightened. Religion plays the importance role in human’s life in the loving-kindness way and global destiny as well as animal living. In the world’s history there are 3 main monotheistic religion which existed since the first world civilization born such as Judaism, Islamic and Christianity. These three main religion seem very similar to each other because they believe in only one god, they believe their religion’s bible which mean the Judaism believe in Torah while Islamic believe in Quran and Christianity believe in The new and the old testament yet the history of the bible has shown that they came from the same resource in Israel. In addition, Fasting is one of the most ritual in these religion notably Fasting between Judaism and Islamic.
Tum teav-story-part-3-to-part - Comparative Tum Teav PresentationChormvirak Moulsem
Romeo and Juliet is a classic literature which written by William Shakespare in the Renaissance period. The story was about the love argument of a couple because of their family feud. In the story we see two character which came from the royal family and have high rank in the city like The Prince and Mercutio. Even thought, they were the kin men but Mercutio and The Prince are completely different of their appearance or attitude, character trait as well as their action in the story.
In the plot of the story, we can see that Mercutio was a young boy who is temperamental and brave. He sometimes funny and like to play a lot with his friends like Romeo. Mercutio also a helpful man who can assist as advise and never betrayed his friends. In contrast, The Prince Escalus was a mature old man who represent of the law in the story. Not like Mercutio The Prince can control his anger and can solve the problem peacefully. His work in the story was very rigorous and justice.
Interesting topics for research proposal on motivation without wasting time o...Chormvirak Moulsem
This bachelor thesis is focused on the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and
employee performance. The thesis is a literature research and thus a review by the work of others.
In earlier research on this topic conducted by Vroom (1964) was concluded that a positive
correlation between motivation and performance did not exist. However, later research proved
that it is indeed possible to motivate employees intrinsically and extrinsically to perform well. It
appears that when the organisation provides certain job characteristics, employees can be
motivated to perform well in the organisation. And it also appeared that intrinsic factors have
more effect on the relationship than extrinsic factors.
This bachelor thesis is focused on the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and
employee performance. The thesis is a literature research and thus a review by the work of others.
In earlier research on this topic conducted by Vroom (1964) was concluded that a positive
correlation between motivation and performance did not exist. However, later research proved
that it is indeed possible to motivate employees intrinsically and extrinsically to perform well. It
appears that when the organisation provides certain job characteristics, employees can be
motivated to perform well in the organisation. And it also appeared that intrinsic factors have
more effect on the relationship than extrinsic factors.
15 interesting dissertation topics on employee motivationChormvirak Moulsem
This bachelor thesis is focused on the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and
employee performance. The thesis is a literature research and thus a review by the work of others.
In earlier research on this topic conducted by Vroom (1964) was concluded that a positive
correlation between motivation and performance did not exist. However, later research proved
that it is indeed possible to motivate employees intrinsically and extrinsically to perform well. It
appears that when the organisation provides certain job characteristics, employees can be
motivated to perform well in the organisation. And it also appeared that intrinsic factors have
more effect on the relationship than extrinsic factors.
Staff motivation - Employee motivation - A study on employees work motivation...Chormvirak Moulsem
This bachelor thesis is focused on the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and
employee performance. The thesis is a literature research and thus a review by the work of others.
In earlier research on this topic conducted by Vroom (1964) was concluded that a positive
correlation between motivation and performance did not exist. However, later research proved
that it is indeed possible to motivate employees intrinsically and extrinsically to perform well. It
appears that when the organisation provides certain job characteristics, employees can be
motivated to perform well in the organisation. And it also appeared that intrinsic factors have
more effect on the relationship than extrinsic factors.
Bachelor thesis employee motivation and performance - Staff motivation and pe...Chormvirak Moulsem
This bachelor thesis is focused on the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and
employee performance. The thesis is a literature research and thus a review by the work of others.
In earlier research on this topic conducted by Vroom (1964) was concluded that a positive
correlation between motivation and performance did not exist. However, later research proved
that it is indeed possible to motivate employees intrinsically and extrinsically to perform well. It
appears that when the organisation provides certain job characteristics, employees can be
motivated to perform well in the organisation. And it also appeared that intrinsic factors have
more effect on the relationship than extrinsic factors.
Employee motivation and performance - Staff motivation Chormvirak Moulsem
This bachelor thesis is focused on the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and
employee performance. The thesis is a literature research and thus a review by the work of others.
In earlier research on this topic conducted by Vroom (1964) was concluded that a positive
correlation between motivation and performance did not exist. However, later research proved
that it is indeed possible to motivate employees intrinsically and extrinsically to perform well. It
appears that when the organisation provides certain job characteristics, employees can be
motivated to perform well in the organisation. And it also appeared that intrinsic factors have
more effect on the relationship than extrinsic factors.
This bachelor thesis is focused on the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and
employee performance. The thesis is a literature research and thus a review by the work of others.
In earlier research on this topic conducted by Vroom (1964) was concluded that a positive
correlation between motivation and performance did not exist. However, later research proved
that it is indeed possible to motivate employees intrinsically and extrinsically to perform well. It
appears that when the organisation provides certain job characteristics, employees can be
motivated to perform well in the organisation. And it also appeared that intrinsic factors have
more effect on the relationship than extrinsic factors.
Culture - Cham People in Cambodia , Cham Culture Presentation.Chormvirak Moulsem
The Cham people in Cambodia form the largest minority in the country with about 300.000 people.
They are mostly concentrated along the Mekong and Tonle Sap River in Cambodia.
The Cham people were originally a people of an ancient kingdom from the Kingdom of Champa.
Cham people who follow Islam we call Muslims, and Khmer people who follows Islam we call Khmer-Islam.
CHAM:
Syncretic Islamic
Communities
in Vietnam
and Cambodia
January 20 – March 28, 2010
East-West Center Gallery, Honolulu, Hawai‘i
The Cham of Vietnam and Cambodia
are one of the most fascinating
communities in Southeast Asia today.
The Cham, descendents of the
Kingdom of Champa that once ruled
much of southern Vietnam developed
a vibrant civilization. Their achievements
were manifest in the building
of unique Cham temples (bimong)
that can still be found scattered
throughout the southern Vietnam.
Originally a Hindu empire, themajority
of Cham people converted to various
forms of Islam over
the centuries. Both
Hinduism and Islam
greatly influenced
Cham political,
religious, and
cultural life.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
3. CHAPTER CONTENTS
3 Ethical Fault Lines in the New Digital Media
3.1 Identity
3.2 Privacy
3.3 Ownership & Authorship
3.4 Credibility
3.4.1 Expertise & Credibility in Online Fora
3.4.2 Credibility, Offline & Online
3.4.3 The Promises of Online Credibility
3.4.4 The Perils of Online Credibility
3.4.5 The Ethics of Online Credibility
3.5 Participation
4. 3.4 Credibility
3.4.1 Expertise & Credibility in Online Fora
• Maya is a 24-year-old receptionist at the local gym,
where all employees receive basic training in
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency
treatment for injuries.
• Maya observes the trainers in the gym closely and
notes the kinds of workouts that they suggest for their
clients.
• She has been interested in fitness and health since
an early age and keeps up on the latest exercise and
diet information by reading magazines and visiting
GetTrim.com, a social networking site about healthy
living where experts and nonexperts interact. (Carrie
James et al., 2009, p. 57)
5. Expertise & Credibility in Online Fora
• Maya notices that some participants on
GetTrim.com report difficulties improving their
health, and she feels sure that she can help
them.
• She posts that she is a state-certified trainer
and an expert in health and fitness and is
available to share her knowledge with the
community.
• A few users seek out Maya’s advice on
various exercise and nutrition matters and
begin her suggested regimes. (Carrie James
et al., 2009, p. 57)
6. Expertise & Credibility in Online Fora
• Within a few weeks, users are posting their
positive results and encouraging others to
contact Maya.
• Soon, Maya is giving advice to many
GetTrim.com users on a wide range of issues.
• Josh, who is one of the master trainers at the
gym, decides to advertise his services as a
personal trainer on GetTrim.com.
• He notices that many users are talking about
Maya’s advice, so he checks out her profile.
(Carrie James et al., 2009, pp. 57-58)
7. Expertise & Credibility in Online Fora
• To his surprise, he discovers that she is the
gym receptionist and claims to be a state-
certified expert.
• Josh confronts Maya in the online community
forum about her lack of credentials.
• Maya does not respond to Josh’s comments.
• Josh then makes a complaint to t6he site
administrators, who close Maya’s account
due to the breach of the site’s rule about
truthful representation. (Carrie James et al.,
2009, p. 58)
8. Expertise & Credibility in Online Fora
• This triggers a heated exchange among Maya’s
satisfied clients, members of the community who
are genuinely certified, and those who are
outraged by her deception.
• Questions raised: What role do offline
credentials play in online credibility?
• Can deception about credentials harm the
cohesion of online communities?
• Why might someone misrepresent her/his
expertise online?
• What harm can be done and to whom? (Carrie
James et al., 2009, p. 58)
9. 3.4.2 Credibility, Offline & Online
• We consider 2 faces of credibility here—the
ways in which young people establish their
own credibility and young people’s capacities
for assessing the credibility of others.
• Although the ability to evaluate others’
credibility is important and can have ethical
implications, our principal concerns here are
the judgments and actions of young people
that affect their own credibility. (Carrie James
et al., 2009, p. 58)
10. Credibility, Offline & Online
• How do young people decide to present
themselves—their credentials, skills, and
motivations—to various others in various
contexts?
• For our purposes here, credibility is about
being accurate and authentic when
representing one’s competence and
motivations.
• Offline credibility is typically conveyed through
credentials, which are achieved through
education, certification, on-the-job training, and a
reputation for competence. (Carrie James et al.,
2009, pp. 58-59)
11. Credibility, Offline & Online
• Credentials take time to accrue but, when
achieved, reliably signal competence (Carrie
James et al., 2009, p. 59).
• But credibility is also determined by the integrity
of a person’s interests and motivations.
• A highly qualified and esteemed medical doctor
who is touting a new drug may not be deemed
credible if s/he is discovered to hold stock in the
drug company.
• Her motivations can be called into question: Is
s/he promoting the drug because in her
professional opinion it is effective or because
s/he has a stake in the company’s profits? (ibid.)
12. Credibility, Offline & Online
• Motivations can be difficult to discern, but they
are an important aspect of credibility.
• In the vignette, Maya seems to have good
intentions: She wants to share her knowledge to
help others.
• However, she does not have the requisite
qualifications to work as a trainer or to
publish an article in a reputable health
magazine.
• She has not yet established her credibility in the
offline health and fitness world.
[Prerequisite](Carrie James et al., 2009, p. 59)
13. Credibility, Offline & Online
• Credibility is relatively easy to define with
respect to working adults.
• But what does credibility look like among young
people who have not yet completed their
education or entered the workforce?
• Youth signal their credibility in their everyday
activities in various ways.
• In school, a young person demonstrates
competence and good intentions by completing
her/his work diligently and competently and by
achieving good grades without cutting corners.
(Carrie James et al., 2009, p. 59)
14. Credibility, Offline & Online
• At home, s/he shows credibility by competently
carrying out her/his chores and following (most
of) her/his parents’ rules.
• With her/his friends, s/he keeps trusted secrets,
provides support, and follows through on her
commitments.
• In her/his community, s/he volunteers at various
events for the sake of the community.
• Across these contexts, credibility is achieved
through a track record of fulfilling obligations
competently and with clear and good intentions.
(Carrie James et al., 2009, pp. 59-60)
15. Credibility, Offline & Online
• Certain qualities of the new media,
particularly the absence of visual cues,
affects how credibility is signaled and
assessed online.
• The new media’s hallmark “Low barriers to
participation” (Jenkins et al. 2006) mean that
people with diverse backgrounds,
competencies, and motivations—experts and
nonexperts, honest persons and poseurs
alike—can have a voice in a variety of online
spaces. (Carrie James et al., 2009, p. 60)
16. Credibility, Offline & Online
• Depending on the context, verifying the credibility of
participants can be important.
• When medical advice is dispensed, e.g.,
presenting competence in a truthful way is
critical.
• Credibility may be less (or at least differently)
important in spaces explicitly designed for fantasy
play, such as Second Life.
• Other key qualities of the new media that bear on
how credibility is conveyed include the potential for
anonymity, the asynchronous nature of
communication online, the relative absence of
mechanisms for accountability structures or authority
figures and mentors, and the ephemeral (short time
or term) nature of ties in many online communities.
(Carrie James et al., 2009, p. 60)
17. Credibility, Offline & Online
• Signaling credibility is at once easier and more
difficult online when traditional means for
conveying competence and motivations are
unavailable.
• A young person can join innumerable online
communities where credibility will be judged by
the quality of her/his participation, including
her/his conduct and creations.
• S/he can contribute to Wikipedia, become a guild
master in World of Warcraft, post an amateur
music video on YouTube, join and lead a political
discussion group on Gather.com, or start a blog
about reproductive rights.
18. Credibility, Offline & Online
• Feedback from the community helps
determine her/his credibility in these spaces.
• Maya joined an online community to share
her knowledge and gained positive feedback
and increasing requests for advice.
• In the online health and fitness world, she
gained credibility through the quality of her
contributions and their presumably positive
impact on people’s lives.
19. 3.4.3 The Promises of Online Credibility
• Online conceptions of credibility can hold distinct
promises for young people and the online
communities in which they participate.
• Youth can be empowered by opportunities to
demonstrate expertise.
• Provided access to the Internet, anyone can
participate in public online communities.
• Online communities can be “affinity spaces” (Gee
2004) where diverse participants collaborate
around a shared purpose or interest with little
concern for differences in age, gender, ethnicity,
and other status markers. (Carrie James et al.,
2009, p. 61)
20. The Promises of Online Credibility
• People are not barred from entry simply
because they lack formal training and
credentials.
• Young people can act as experts due to their
competence alone.
• Dialoguing and cocreating on an equal
playing field with adults, young people can
experience “collegial pedagogy” (Chavez and
Soep 2005).
• As noted above, Brian Stelter started his
TVNewser blog as an undergraduate and
now attracts a massive audience, including
top news media executives (Carrie James et
21. The Promises of Online Credibility
• In short, fewer restrictions exist online about
what counts as knowledge and who qualifies
as a expert (Carrie James et al., 2009, p. 62).
• The openness of the new media permits young
people to explore different domains and outlets
for their skills without the costs and time that are
associated with training and education.
• Blogging and game modding can be considered
quasi-internships or apprenticeships that prepare
youth to enter fields such as journalism and
engineering, which they may have not
considered before they began their online
activities.
22. The Promises of Online Credibility
• Opportunities to interact and perhaps cocreate
with individuals with greater knowledge and
expertise may help engender subject-matter
expertise, facilitate skill development, and nurture
key interpersonal skills including teamwork.
• From an early age, the new media can offer
youth opportunities to try out new roles that may
prepare them to become adept professional,
collaborators, and citizens.
• In turn, domain such as journalism, software
engineering, game design, and civil society can
benefit from the present and future contributions
of many young cocreators.
23. The Promises of Online Credibility
• Online knowledge communities such as
Wikipedia demonstrate these reciprocal benefits:
young people feel empowered by the opportunity
to contribute, and diverse contributors facilitate
good knowledge building.
• Ideally, such experiences help engender in youth
a broader perspective, a feeling of efficacy, and a
sense of responsibility.
• The broad definitions of expertise and credibility
that exist online can thus yield positive social
outcomes for individuals, communities, and
society as a whole.
24. 3.4.4 The Perils of Online Credibility
• Although the distinct ways in which credibility
is granted online can be beneficial, they also
provide numerous occasions for misdeeds,
including opportunities for deception and
misrepresentation of one’s identity,
competence, and motivations.
• The relative absence of online visual cues
and visible accountability structures allow
various forms of deception to flourish, making
it difficult to ascertain the credibility of
participants’ claims.
25. The Perils of Online Credibility
• A person can readily post someone else’s
work as her/his own, pay for someone to
advance her/him in a game, misrepresent
herself/himself as a professional, or join a
voluntary community with the hidden intention
to disrupt it or to promote disguised
commercial interests.
• Certain qualities of new media thus make
assessments of credibility qualitatively
different and arguably more difficult than in
offline situations.
26. The Perils of Online Credibility
• Online, young people might feel tempted to
misrepresent their identities (who they are,
how old they are, where they are, or what
they do) and their backgrounds (what they
have done and what their skills and
capabilities are) because identity verification
is difficult.
• Online cues that signals one’s credibility can
be unreliable and misleading.
• Maya falsely stated in her profile that she was
state certified, and she did not need to
provide evidence to support her claim.
27. The Perils of Online Credibility
• Such misrepresentations also occur offline and
can go unnoticed for decades, but accountability
online may be even rarer.
• The forms of identity experimentation that are
encouraged in certain online spaces can
contribute to an attitude that fictional identities
are permitted in all kinds of online communities.
• This attitude can be problematic in spaces where
one’s offline identity, competence, and
motivations genuinely matter—as on WebMD,
where consumers expect to find articles about
breast cancer treatments that are written by
Board-certified physicians and researchers.
28. The Perils of Online Credibility
• Credentials often serve valuable purposes in
online spaces; they can reduce risks by
providing security through a process of
vetting (thorough examination).
• Children, and even some teens, may not yet
be equipped developmentally to differentiate
between contexts in which identity play is
acceptable and expected and those in which
offline credentials need to be presented.
• Maya’s story highlights the potential
disconnect and tensions between offline and
online credibility.
29. The Perils of Online Credibility
• Offline, she was barred from helping gym
members because she lacks credentials.
• Online, participation in GetTrim.com did not
require explicit credentials: Maya could freely
dispense advice and be judged by the quality of
her contributions.
• Yet at the same time, offline understandings of
credibility affected Maya’s online conduct.
• Well aware of the certificate requirements of the
gym, Maya believed that it was necessary to
appear credentialed for GetTrim.com users to
heed her advice, and offline it was easy for her to
misrepresent herself.
30. The Perils of Online Credibility
• Being transparent about the extent and limits of
one’s expertise therefore becomes critically
important online.
• Motives and goals are hard to ascertain online
due to the ability to be anonymous, the
superficially of some online relationships, and
transient membership in some online
communities.
• Maya’s motives seem to be harmless.
• She wants to help others by sharing her
knowledge with the community; her intention was
not to give false or dangerous information.
31. The Perils of Online Credibility
• However, others might have more sinister
motives.
• A corporate representative could post an
anonymous testimonial about a potentially
dangerous weight-loss supplement on
GetTrim.com, and visitors to the site would have
no way to verify the validity of such claims.
• With few accountability structures in place online,
everyone is responsible for her/his self-
representation.
• In this, the support and guidance of adult
mentors could be beneficial to young people.
32. The Perils of Online Credibility
• However, the gulfs that exist between the
average adult’s understanding of the new
media and the ways that young people
engage with it may virtually preclude good
mentoring.
• If the new digital media’s savviest (having
practical knowledge) participants cannot find
a way to manage credibility themselves, the
broader peril is that external parties will
regulate their participation—imposing
restrictive rules, erecting barriers to access in
many online spaces, and stifling participatory
culture.
33. The Perils of Online Credibility
• A further peril that is associated with online credibility
is that young people may begin to undervalue
credentials and miss opportunities to gain valuable
but less readily acquirable skills.
• If everyone can participate and pose as expert,
formal training and education may seem
unnecessary.
• As more and more readers compliment her on the
advice that she gives, Maya may begin to feel that
she is as capable as the trainers in her gym and does
not need to take classes and gain legitimate
qualifications (Carrie James et al., 2009, p. 65).
• Positive feedback from GetTrim.com users may lead
her to overestimate her competencies and believe
that credentials are irrelevant (ibid.).
34. The Perils of Online Credibility
• Furthermore, as Maya’s clients begin asking
for advice on a broader range of issues
outside of her knowledge base, she may feel
compelled or entitled to respond.
• Overextending her areas of expertise, she
risks giving harmful advice.
• She also risks doing irreparable harm to
herself.
• After her deception is revealed to the digital
public, it may haunt her for the indefinite
future. (Carrie James et al., 2009, p. 65)
35. 3.4.5 The Ethics of Online Credibility
• Participatory cultures offer youth
unparalleled opportunities to develop and
demonstrate knowledge and skills, assume
roles as leaders and experts, and thus earn
credibility at a relatively early age (Carrie
James et al., 2009, p. 65)
• At the same time, the relative absence of
accountability structures permits deception
(ibid.).
• The desire to participate in certain online spheres
and the perception from the offline world that
credentials matter might lead young people to
misrepresent their qualifications.
36. The Ethics of Online Credibility
• Even if well-intended, deception of this kind
can pose risks to both deceivers and
deceived (Carrie James et al., 2009, p. 66).
• Genuine credibility is built on truthfulness
and transparency about competence (and
its limits) and motives (ibid.).
• Young people who understand and fulfill
the responsibilities that are implied when
credibility is granted to them are more
likely to retain and nurture it online and off
(ibid.).
37. The Ethics of Online Credibility
“Ability gets you to the top
but credibility keeps you up
there.”