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Harvard referencing system
This document provides guidance on the Harvard referencing system. It discusses what plagiarism is and why students plagiarize. It emphasizes the importance of citing sources used in assignments to acknowledge others' work, enable tracing of sources, and avoid plagiarism. The document explains in-text citations, reference lists, and how to reference various sources like books, journal articles, web pages, images, and secondary sources. Proper citing and referencing is crucial to avoiding plagiarism.
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Harvard referencing system
- 1. Harvard Referencing System Mr Patrice Seuwou School of Technology Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 2. Session objectives Copyright ©Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 3. What is plagiarism? • Use of any source of information (including electronic) without proper acknowledgement. • Quoting, summarising or paraphrasing, copying and pasting without citing source. • Citing sources you didn’t use. • Unauthorised collaboration. Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 4. Why do studentsplagiarise? • Poor study skills • Inability to find information • Poor citation skills • Lack of understanding of what constitutes plagiarism Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 5. Writing a dissertation,thesis, article, essay To support your arguments and provide ideas: • Read widely and analyse the work of others. • Use as many sources as you can (books, journals, newspapers, reports, web etc.) • Read at an appropriate academic level. • Use good quality sources. Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 6. Why should youcite other people’s work? • Acknowledge the work of other writers and researchers • Demonstrate your reading and research • Enable others to trace your sources easily and lead them on to further information • Part of the marking criteria • Provide a check against plagiarism • Meet copyright regulations Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 7. Referencing in Context Book Your Project Evidence to Acknowledge support your Sources Used Journal own ideas or Research, arguments • Briefly in your Article read and text make notes • Paraphrase and/or • In full at the Web Page • Direct Quote end Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 8. What is citingand referencing? • In your assignments you must demonstrate that you have used relevant, good quality sources by: – providing in-text citations in the body of your work AND – a reference list/bibliography at the end of your work Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 9. What’s an in-textcitation? In-text citations appear in the body of the text of your assignment and should be included whenever you quote, summarise or otherwise refer to someone else’s ideas. Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 10. What do Ineed to include? • author • year the work was published • page number(s) if applicable Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 11. What’s an in-textcitation? - Examples • According to Clegg (1985, p.543) the inter-war period was…. • Barter (2003, p.258) has shown that….. • As Evans, Jamal and Foxall (2006, p.76) point out…. • It has been suggested by Reed (2008, pp.30-31).... • Barter (2003, p.258) and Stuart (2001, p.85) note… • A number of authors including Smith (2008, pp.21-24) and Adams (2001, pp.165-166) have argued that… **p. - page number / pp. - page numbers** Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 12. What’s a referencelist? • A list of all the sources you have cited in the text of your assignment • Presented at the end of your work in alphabetical order by author/ editor • Do not list books, journals, newspapers, then websites etc. Note: a bibliography lists all of the sources you have read to help write your assignment, not just those cited in the text. Bibliography and/ or reference list? Ask your tutor! Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 13. How to Reference You need to reference in two places: • Brief details – these will go into the main body of your assignment • Full details – these will go at the end of your assignment Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 14. Referencing a book Copyright© Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 15. Referencing a printedjournal article Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 16. Referencing an electronicjournal article Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 17. Referencing a webpage Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 18. References of imagesand diagrams All externally sourced images and diagrams must be referenced • Enter the title underneath the image or diagram • Add, in brackets, the author, date of publication and page number • Where there is no author use the title of the source i.e. book, website etc. Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 19. References of imagesand diagrams Example 1 (Book/Publication): Figure 1: Risk assessment guidelines for lifting and lowering (Essentials of Health and Safety at Work 2008, 48) Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 20. References of imagesand diagrams Example 2 (Website): Figure 1: Marriages, United Kingdom, 1951 – 2007 (Office for National Statistics website 2009) Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 21. How to Reference Copyright© Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 22. Secondary referencing Copyright ©Patrice Seuwou 2013
- 23. Summary • When you use ideas from, refer to, or quote from, another person’s work you MUST acknowledge this in your work by citing and referencing • Ensure that your citations and references are complete, accurate and consistent, by keeping note of the sources you have used and where you found them • If you present work containing ideas or quotes from other authors, without acknowledging their work (even if you do so accidentally) you may be accused of plagiarism! Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
Editor's Notes
- #7 This is what your lecturers want. And this is why you need references – to demonstrate that you have done this. A plagiarised report where the material seems to be coming only from you does not fulfil the criteria needed to pass your courses. So plagarism even deliberate or unintentional will only hold you back.