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How to reference right
This document discusses plagiarism and how to avoid it in academic work. It defines plagiarism as passing off someone else's work as your own. The types of plagiarism include copy-paste plagiarism, switching around words, using another's ideas without credit, and self-plagiarism. To avoid plagiarism, you should cite all sources using styles like APA or MLA and create reference lists. When paraphrasing, you should change the wording and sentence structure. Common knowledge does not need to be cited. The document provides examples of properly citing different source types and using software tools to easily create reference lists.
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How to reference right
- 1. Get ready foruniversity study “Learning to give credit where credit is due.” |Avoiding Plagiarism | |Academic citation and referencing basics| By Megna Kalvani Department of Media and Communications Manipal University, Dubai Updated September 2011
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- 3. What is Plagiarism? Plagiarismis the act of fraud as it involves „copying‟, „borrowing‟ or „stealing‟ someone else‟s work and passing it off as your own.
- 4. Types of Plagiarism "Copy & Paste Plagiarism” “Word Switch “Style Plagiarism” Plagiarism” “Potluck “Labor of Plagiarism” Laziness” “Self-Stealing”
- 5. What happens whenyou plagiarize? You get a big fat ZERO
- 6. Ways to avoidPlagiarism? Cite your sources Foot/end notes 12. Don Kennedy, "New Climate News," Science, volume 290 (November 10, 2000), 1091. In-text citation Ward (2003) categorizes the journalistic process into four stages (Refer Journalism Online pg.18) Ward (2003) categorizes the journalistic process into four stages (pg.18) Citing websites Carnes, Mark C. "Setting Students’ Minds on Fire." The Chronicle of Higher Education, March 6, 2011. Online. Available:http://chronicle.com/article/Setting- Students-Minds-on/126592/. March 14, 2011. Paraphase!
- 7. Paraphasing Examples ofparaphrasing: Blah blah blah blah blah. Although the materials were originally developed for a comparatively small user group, many others have also found them useful. (Smith, 2008). Blah blah blah blah blah blah blah. Blah blah blah blah blah. According to Smith (2008), although the materials were originally developed for a comparatively small user group, many others have also found them useful. Blah, blah blah, blah blah blah. According to Smith (2008) … Smith (2008) reported … Research by Smith (2008) suggests … A recent study demonstrated …… (Smith & Jones 2008)
- 8. What‟s the differencebetween biblio‟s and reference lists? A Reference list Bibliography Contains all the items Contains all the sources you have referred to you have read but not directly and cited within cited within your text. your text. (Usually this is background reading).
- 9. How to referencein the text?
- 10. What details shouldthe reference list include? What details a reference list should include? Book Author, Date, Title, Where published, Publisher. Chapter in a book Author, Date, Chapter title, Book title, Editor, Page range, Where published, Publisher. Journal article Author, Date, Article title, Journal title, Volume number, Page range. Internet reference Author, Date published (if available), Article title, Publication title (if available), Web address, Date accessed.
- 11. How to easilycreate a reference list? ON MICROSOFT WORD
- 12. Styles accepted Chicago Example: Duiker, William. J. Contemporary World History. 5th. Cengage Learning, 2009. APA Example: Duiker, W. J. (2009). Contemporary World History (5th ed.). Cengage Learning. MLA Example: Duiker, William. J. Contemporary World History. 5th. Cengage Learning, 2009.
- 13. Visual Communication Designs Ripping them off, imitating and getting inspired Animations -Characters -Inspired by characters Music
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- 18. Advertising Slogans Adlayouts and designs
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- 22. Television Scripts (characters,plots) Music
- 25. What not toreference? Common Knowledge Your Own Ideas
- 26. Be waryof cutting and pasting - you risk committing plagiarism by accident. Referencing tips Take notes in your own words. (This also helps you learn). Note down all your references as you read, and organise them as you go along. Make sure your citations match up with the reference list at the end. Follow standard conventions, and ensure your references are: Complete Consistent Correct } The 3 C’s Always check the referencing guidelines for your assignments.
- 27. References and FurtherReading: Types of Plagiarism Taken From: Barnbaum, C. “Plagiarism: A Student's Guide to Recognizing It and Avoiding It.” Valdosta State University. http://www.valdosta.edu/~cbarnbau/personal/teaching_MISC/plagiarism.htm Liles, Jeffrey A. and Michael E. Rozalski. “It's a Matter of Style: A Style Manual Workshops for Preventing Plagiarism.” College & Undergraduate Libraries, 11 (2), 2004, p. 91-101. Definitions and Referencing principles: www.plagiarism.org www2.napier.ac.uk www.collegeboard.com More examples: Just Creative Designs. 2008. http://justcreativedesign.com/2008/02/20/graphic-design-plagiarism-rip-offs/
Editor's Notes
- #4 The Merriam-Webster Online dictionary defines ‘Plagiarize’: “-to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own-to use (another's production) without crediting the source-to commit literary theft-to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source.”Many people think of plagiarism as copying another's work, or borrowing someone else's original ideas. But terms like "copying" and "borrowing" can disguise the seriousness of this literary offense.Information could include or range from web pages, books, songs, television shows, email messages, interviews, articles, artworks or any other medium. Plagiarism.org highlights that whenever students paraphrase, summarize, or take words, phrases, or sentences from another person's work, it is necessary to indicate the source of the information within your paper using an internal citation. It is not enough to just list the source in a bibliography at the end of your paper. Failing to properly quote, cite or acknowledge someone else's words or ideas with an internal citation is plagiarism.
- #5 “Copy & Paste Plagiarism""Any time you lift a sentence or significant phrase intact from a source, you must use quotations marks and reference the source.""Word Switch Plagiarism""If you take a sentence from a source and change around a few words, it is still plagiarism. If you want to quote a sentence, then you need to put it in quotation marks and cite the author and article. But quoting Source articles should only be done if what the quote says is particularly useful in the point you are trying to make in what you are writing." In many cases, paraphrasing and then citing the original sources is a better option."The Self-Stealer"The writer "borrows" generously from his or her previous work, violating policies concerning the expectation of originality adopted by most academic institutions."Style Plagiarism" "When you follow a Source Article sentence-by-sentence or paragraph-by-paragraph, it is plagiarism, even though none of your sentences are exactly like those in the source article or even in the same order. What you are copying in this case is the author's reasoning style."Although the writer has retained the essential content of the source, he or she has altered the paper's appearance slightly by changing key words and phrases."The Potluck Paper"The writer tries to disguise plagiarism by copying from several different sources, tweaking the sentences to make them fit together while retaining most of the original phrasing."The Labor of Laziness"The writer takes the time to paraphrase most of the paper from other sources and make it all fit together, instead of spending the same effort on original work.
- #6 How do we know you’re plagiarizing?We are all media professionals, we just know. Not to mention the number of softwares we can scan your assignments with.
- #7 The basic principle
- #8 Examples of paraphrasingBlah blahblahblahblah. Although the materials were originally developed for a comparatively small user group, many others have also found them useful. (Smith, 2008). Blah blahblahblahblahblahblah.Blah blahblahblahblah. According to Smith (2008), although the materials were originally developed for a comparatively small user group, many others have also found them useful. Blah, blah blah, blah blahblah.Notice the way paraphrased information is integrated into the flow of the main text.
- #9 Students are often only asked for a reference list. In some cases however, no distinction is made between the two.
- #26 Common KnowledgeYou don't have to give credit for a fact stated in your own words, such as information that is common knowledge:For examples: “Hey Jude” is a song by the Beatles, an acclaimed English rock band.George Washington was the first president.Plato spent most of his life in Athens.Maine has a lower yearly average temperature than Florida.However you need to cite statements that do not emit common knowledge:Examples: Civilizations that were aware of geese usually considered them intermediaries between heaven and earth (Toussaint-Samat 352).The Chinese fishing industry produces 800,000 tons of fish annually (Toussaint-Samat 328).The first international coffee syndicate was based in Germany (Toussaint-Samat 590).Your Own IdeasYou also don't have to give a citation for facts or ideas that you yourself have established. Make the origin of your material clear:“After conducting a survey of sophomore engineering majors, I found that 72 percent cite the potential for high salaries after graduation as an important factor in their choice of major.”