Krashen's Monitor Model involves five hypotheses about second language acquisition: 1) The Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis distinguishes between acquiring a language naturally versus learning it consciously. Language is acquired, not learned. 2) The Monitor Hypothesis states that conscious learning involves self-monitoring speech but only as a "fix-it" device after the message is produced. 3) The Natural Order Hypothesis suggests that grammatical structures are acquired in a predictable sequence, regardless of the learner's first language. 4) The Input Hypothesis claims that acquisition occurs when learners receive input that is comprehensible but contains structures at the next level of difficulty. 5) The Affect

1. POWERPOINT
PRESENTATIO
N
CALIDRO, ERICKA JANE S.
BSED ENG 2A
PRINCIPLES AND THEORIES IN LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
PROF. MR. MEDURANDA, MARCO

2. KRASHE
N’S
MONITO
R
MODEL

3. The Monitor Model is a theory of
Second Language Acquisition
3
• Developed by the American linguistic
Stephen Krashen by the 1980s.
• This model has become in an influential
theory on the language teaching.

4. • The Acquisition-Learning
Hypothesis
• The Monitor Hypothesis
• The Natural Order Hypothesis
• The Input Hypothesis
• The Affective Filter
Hypothesis
Monitor Model involves five
principal hypotheses about how
a second/third language is
acquired/learned by adults:

5. What are the
differences
between
acquisition and
learning
language?
The Acquisition-Learning
Hypothesis

6. 6
The Acquisition-Learning
Hypothesis

7. 7
According to Krashen, language is acquired, not learned.
(Krashen & Terrell 1983).

8. The Monitor Hypothesis
 conscious learning is complemented by self-
monitoring and self-correction of what learner is
producing.
Three conditions must
be met:The learner must
know the rule: It
involves to have had
explicit instruction
about rule.
The learner must be
focused on
correctness: Thinking
about form without
ignoring meaning.
 The learner must have time to use the
monitor: It requires the speaker to slow

10. The Natural Order Hypothesis

11. The natural order
hypothesis is the idea
that children
learning their first
language acquire
grammatical
structures in a pre-
determined,
'natural' order, and th
at some are acquired
earlier than others.
The author suggests that we
acquire the rules or grammatical
structures of language in a
predictable order for children
and adults.

12. The Input Hypothesis
The Input hypothesis is only concerned with 'acquisition',
not 'learning'.

13. The Affective Filter Hypothesis
This filter involves affective factors such
as attitudes to language, motivation, self-
confidence and anxiety.