This workshop, presented to International Christian School Chaplains, provided a basic understanding of various psychological problems commonly seen in students.
*Disclaimer
This is a project for a high school AP Psychology course. This is a fictionalized account of having a psychological ailment. For quesitons about this blog project or its content please email the teacher Chris Jocham: jocham@fultonschools.org
*Disclaimer
This is a project for a high school AP Psychology course. This is a fictionalized account of having a psychological ailment. For quesitons about this blog project or its content please email the teacher Chris Jocham: jocham@fultonschools.org
Suffering from Major Depressive DisorderRachelVira
This a project for a high school AP Psychology course. This is a fictionalized account of having a psychological ailment. For questions about this blog project or its content please email the teacher, Laura Astorian: laura.astorian@cobbk12.org
Hidden signs that suggest people are sufferingthepathlink
It was often overlooked with common knowledge that life is all about up’s and down. However, for those who feel generally miserable or unhappy without really knowing why. These following signs could be possible indication of suffering from depression and worth an in-depth investigation.
Managing anxiety By Ms. Jai Bapat.
Sheetal participates in school Debate competition. She prepares her speech thoroughly. On the day of debate she can’t recollect anything about her speech. She gets scared when she has to go on stage.
Reema is studying very hard for her annual exams. She prepares everything and on the day of exam when she sees her question paper she can’t recollect what she has studied in the past week and is not able to write anything in her exam.
Soham a college going teenager likes a girl in his college. But whenever he meets her he is unable to express his feelings to her. Thinking the fact that what will be her reply. He is anxious and never expresses his feelings to her.
What is common in above all the three situations? That they are scared and not able to finish their task. We can label this feeling as Anxiety
So what is Anxiety?
Anxiety is often described as a feeling of worry, fear. It’s much more than just a feeling. It encompasses feelings or emotions, thoughts and bodily sensations.
So the talk will be about How Anxiety can hamper our daily activities. Also how anxiety develops, Cognitive Behavior Therapy can help you deal with anxiety and techniques to deal with it.
For info log on to www.healthlibrary.com
Suffering from Major Depressive DisorderRachelVira
This a project for a high school AP Psychology course. This is a fictionalized account of having a psychological ailment. For questions about this blog project or its content please email the teacher, Laura Astorian: laura.astorian@cobbk12.org
Hidden signs that suggest people are sufferingthepathlink
It was often overlooked with common knowledge that life is all about up’s and down. However, for those who feel generally miserable or unhappy without really knowing why. These following signs could be possible indication of suffering from depression and worth an in-depth investigation.
Managing anxiety By Ms. Jai Bapat.
Sheetal participates in school Debate competition. She prepares her speech thoroughly. On the day of debate she can’t recollect anything about her speech. She gets scared when she has to go on stage.
Reema is studying very hard for her annual exams. She prepares everything and on the day of exam when she sees her question paper she can’t recollect what she has studied in the past week and is not able to write anything in her exam.
Soham a college going teenager likes a girl in his college. But whenever he meets her he is unable to express his feelings to her. Thinking the fact that what will be her reply. He is anxious and never expresses his feelings to her.
What is common in above all the three situations? That they are scared and not able to finish their task. We can label this feeling as Anxiety
So what is Anxiety?
Anxiety is often described as a feeling of worry, fear. It’s much more than just a feeling. It encompasses feelings or emotions, thoughts and bodily sensations.
So the talk will be about How Anxiety can hamper our daily activities. Also how anxiety develops, Cognitive Behavior Therapy can help you deal with anxiety and techniques to deal with it.
For info log on to www.healthlibrary.com
Major depressive disorder, also known as depression, is a severe medical condition that affects people's feelings, thoughts, and behaviours.Read more:https://mpmacolorado.blogspot.com/2023/03/all-about-depression.html
Symptoms and causes of anxiety disorder.Maheen Fatima
I you have an anxiety issue and you want to know to cause behind that so these notes can hlep you,
and if you want to get and appointment from psychiatrist in dubai:
follow the link in these in these notes.
We all have times when we feel down, but depression is about more than feeling sad or fed up for a few days.Depression might look like a minor health condition until you experience severe forms of it
Similar to Recognizing Psychological Problems in Those You Serve (20)
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
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- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
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- GENE THERAPY
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- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
3. Major Depressive Disorder
Depressed mood. For children and adolescents, this may be
irritable mood.
A significantly reduced level of interest or pleasure in most or
all activities.
A considerable loss or gain of weight (e.g., 5% or more change
of weight in a month when not dieting). This may also be an
increase or decrease in appetite. For children, they may not gain
an expected amount of weight.
Difficulty falling or staying asleep (insomnia), or sleeping more
than usual (hypersomnia).
Behavior that is agitated or slowed down. Others should be
able to observe this.
4. Major Depressive Symptoms (Cont.)
Feeling fatigued, or diminished energy.
Thoughts of worthlessness or extreme guilt (not about
being ill).
Ability to think, concentrate, or make decisions is
reduced.
Frequent thoughts of death or suicide (with or without
a specific plan), or attempt of suicide.
5. Dysthymic Disorder
A. A person has depressed mood for most the time almost
every day for at least two years. Children and adolescents may
have irritable mood, and the time frame is at least one year.
B. While depressed, a person experiences at least two of the
following symptoms:
Either overeating or lack of appetite.
Sleeping to much or having difficulty sleeping.
Fatigue, lack of energy.
Poor self-esteem.
Difficulty with concentration or decision making.
Feeling hopeless.
C. A person has not been free of the symptoms during the two-
year time period (one-year for children and adolescents).
6. Bipolar Disorder
There are two types of bipolar disorder:
Bipolar I Disorder is diagnosed when a person has had at least
one manic or mixed episode, often along with a major
depressive episode. It affects equal numbers of men and
women in approximately 0.4% to 1.6% of the population.
Bipolar II Disorder is diagnosed when a person has had a major
depressive episode along with at least one hypomanic episode.
It affects more women than men in about 0.5% of the
population.
10-15% of persons with Bipolar Disorder will die from suicide.
For 90%, the condition is recurrent.
7. Bipolar Disorder
A. A person experiences a current or recent episode that is manic,
hypomanic, mixed, or depressed.
To be a manic episode, for at least one week a person's mood must be
out of the ordinary and continuously heightened, exaggerated, or
irritable.
At least three of the following seven symptoms have been significant
and enduring. If the mood is only irritable, then four symptoms are
required.
Self-esteem is excessive or grandiose.
The need for sleep is greatly reduced.
Talks much more than usual.
Thoughts and ideas are continuous and without a pattern or focus.
Easily distracted by unimportant things.
8. Bipolar Disorder
An increase in purposeful activity or productivity, or behaving
and feeling agitated.
Reckless participation in enjoyable activities that create a high
risk for negative consequences (e.g., extensive spending sprees,
sexual promiscuity).
The persons' symptoms do not indicate a mixed episode.
9. Seasonal Affective Disorder
A. A person has experienced a regular pattern of depressive
episodes that begin at specific time of the year (e.g., fall or
winter), and which are not related to specific yearly stressors
such as school/college or seasonal unemployment.
B. The depression also ends or changes at a specific time of the
year (e.g., spring).
C. The pattern has occurred for the most recent two years with
no other symptoms outside of the pattern.
D. A person has had more seasonal depressions than non-
seasonal depressions in his/her lifetime.
10. Anxiety Disorders
Fight or Flight ResponseFight or Flight Response
Created for SurvivalCreated for Survival
Heart races and pounds
Short, Shallow Breath
Muscles Tense
Sweat More
Eyes Dilate
Eyes Dilate
Hands get Colder
Increased Blood Sugar
Digestion Shuts Down
Immune System Shuts Down
Brain Blood Shift
11. Impact of Anxiety on the Body
Muscular Headaches
Migraine Headaches
Fatigue
Tremor
Insomnia
Digestive Problems
Increased Startle Response
Appetite Changes
Increased Perspiration
Other Physical Illnesses
12. Impact of Anxiety on the Mind
Increased worry
Increased irritability
Poor judgment
Increased sensitivity
Taking things more personally
Depression
Feeling overwhelmed
Difficulty making decisions
Negative Thinking
15. Panic Disorder
Difficulty breathing
Sweating
Chest pain or discomfort
Unsteadiness, dizziness or faintness
Feelings of unreality or detachment
Trembling or shaking
Tingling or numbness
Nausea or abdominal distress
16. Panic Disorder (cont.)
Palpitations or tachycardia
Choking or smothering sensations
Hot flashes or cold chills
Fear of Dying
Fear of going crazy or losing control
Fear of being embarrassed
Can be with or without agoraphobia.
17. Typical Situations Avoided by
Agoraphobics
Driving
Public transport
Waiting in lines
Crowds
Stores
Restaurants
Theaters
Going a long distance from home
Long walks
18. Typical Situations Avoided by
Agoraphobics (Cont.)
Wide, open spaces
Closed in spaces
Boats
Staying at home alone
Auditoriums
Elevators
Escalators
19. Prevalence
3-6 percent of the general population.
Or 7 to 12 million people
Single panic attack = over 30% or population
All socioeconomic levels, professions and
types of persons. Reported more in females.
23. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Exposed to a traumatic event
Distressing recollections
Distressing dreams
Flashbacks
Distress at exposure to “reminding” events
Efforts to avoid reminders of the event
Inability to recall aspects of the event
24. PTSD (Cont.)
Diminished interest in normal activities
Detachment or estrangement from others
Restricted range of affect
Sense of foreshortened future
Insomnia
Irritability/anger outbursts
Difficulty concentrating
Hypervigilance
Exaggerated startle response
Treatment-CBT, Meds, EMDR
25. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Excessive anxiety and worry
Difficulty controlling worry
Restlessness, keyed up or on edge
Being easily fatigued
Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank
Irritability
Muscle tension
Sleep disturbance
Anxiety not focused as in Panic, Phobia or OCD
Treatment-Relaxation training, CBT, Medications
26. Phobias
Marked and persistent fears that are excessive and
unreasonable
Exposure evokes an immediate anxiety response.
Person recognizes that the fear is unreasonable.
Interferes significantly with the person’s normal
routine.
Treatment-Tranquilizers, Systematic Sensitization
27. Social Phobia
Marked and persistent of one or more social or
performance situations in which the person is
exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible
scrutiny by others.
Humiliating or embarrassing
Social or performance situations are avoided.
Treatment- SSRI, Cognitive Therapy, Exposure
28. Eating Disorders
• Anorexia
• Extreme weight loss
• Thin appearance
• Fatigue
• Dizziness or fainting
• Hair that thins, breaks or falls out
• Intolerance of cold
• Refusal to eat
• Denial of hunger
• Fear of gaining weight
• Preoccupation with food
29. Eating Disorders
Bulimia
Regularly self-induce vomiting or misuse of laxatives,
diuretics or enemas after bingeing.
Also may use other methods to rid self of calories such as
fasting, strict diet or excessive exercise. Still binges.
Disappears to bathroom immediately after a meal.
Preoccupation with food.
30. Attention Deficit Disorder
Hyperactive/Impulsive Type
Often fidgets with or taps hands or feet, or squirms in seat.
Often leaves seat in situations when remaining seated is expected
Running or climbing in situations where it is inappropriate
Blurting out answers before hearing the whole question
Talking excessively
Interrupting or intruding on others
Having difficulty waiting in line or taking turns
Unable to play or engage in leisure activities quietly
Feeling very restless, as if “driven by a motor”, or talk excessively.
31. Attention Deficit Disorder
Inattentive Type
Not giving close attention to details or making careless mistakes in schoolwork, work, or
other activities
Often has difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities
Often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly
Often has trouble organizing tasks and activities, often skipping from one uncompleted
activity to another
Becomes easily distracted by irrelevant stimuli, like sights and sounds (or unrelated
thoughts)
Fails to pay attention to instructions and makes careless mistakes, not finishing work,
chores or duties
Loses or forgets things needed for a task, like pencils, books, assignments or tools
Avoids, dislikes or is reluctant to engage in things that take a lot of mental effort for a
long period of time
Is often forgetful in daily activities
32. Conversion Disorder
80+% of Diagnosed Conversion Disorders were
eventually found to be a physical diagnosis.
Disorders often misdiagnosed as Conversion
Disorder:
a. Multiple Sclerosis
b. Lupus
c. Stroke
d. Parkinson's