The document discusses the Scandinavian historical roots in the Middle English romance Havelok the Dane. It argues that while traditionally viewed as derived from French sources, Havelok draws from Scandinavian history as well. The author proposes that characters such as Havelok and his father Birkabeyn were modeled after figures from 12th century Norwegian history, specifically the Birkebeiner faction involved in civil wars. The document provides historical context on Norse settlement and influence in England, particularly the Danelaw region where Havelok was composed, to support the claim of Scandinavian influence on the work.