The document discusses computers and their components. It defines computers as electronic devices that process data and provides definitions and examples of computer hardware components like the CPU, memory, input/output devices, and storage devices. It also discusses the history of computers from the abacus to modern machines and describes different types of computers like PCs, servers, and smartphones. The core functions of a computer like processing, storage, and communication are explained along with system software and common applications.

1. Knowing about Computer
Dr.A.Bharathi Lakshmi
Head and Assistant Professor of IT

2. Content
 What is Computer?
 Why Computer?
 History
 Types of Computers
 Parts of Computer
 Buttons and Ports of Computer
 Core of a Computer
 Components
 System Software

3. Definition
 machine which can do many tasks
 It was invented to do speedy and accurate calculations.
 Currently it is also used for other purposes.
 Electronic Device that receives data, process data,
stores the output data that is result.
 Collection of electronic circuits which can be on or off
(open or closed).

4. Benefits
 Error free calculations
 Speed
 Flexibility
 Storage
 Consistency and repetition

5. History
 Abacus
 Punched cards
 Difference Engine
 Mark 1
 Eniac
 Univac

6. Abacus

7. PunchedCard

8. Difference
Engine

9. Mark1

10. Eniac
Electronic Numeric Integrator and Computer

11. Univac

12. History
 First Generation - Vacuum Tubes
 Second Generation - Transistors
 Third Generation - IC(Integrated Chip)
 Fourth Generation - Microprocessor
 Fifth Generation - Artificial Intelligence

13. FirstGeneration
 1940’s – 1956’s
 First Computer
 Designed to perform specific task
 Vacuum tubes and Magnetic Drums
 Performance will be slow

14. Second
Generation
 1956 – 1963
 Transistors invented by Bell Telephone Laboratories
 Components are similar as current technology

15. Third
Generation
 1964 - 1971
 Differs in size
 OS has been introduced
 Transistors to Integrated Circuits and from punch card
to electronic computer systems

16. Fourth
Generation
 1971-present
 Differs in size
 OS has been introduced
 Transistors to Integrated Circuits and from punch card
to electronic computer systems

17. FifthGeneration
 Present and Beyond
 In the act of advanced research and tested out in the
laboratories
 Will be under Artificial Intelligence (AI)

18. Typesof
Computer
 Personal Computer
 Desktop
 Laptop
 Tablet
 Servers
 Smartphones

19. Partsof
Computer
 Computer Case
 Monitor
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 Mechanical
 Optical
 Trackball
 Touchpad

20. Buttonsand
Portsofa
Computer
 Front of a Computer Case
 Back of a Computer Case
 Peripherals can be connected through Ports
 Input Devices
 Output Devices

21. FrontView

22. RearView

23. InputDevices
 Hardware that allows user to communicate with
computer
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 Joystick
 Light pen
 Pointing Stick
 Touchpad
 Touch Screen
 Bar Code Reader
 Scanner
 Microphone

24. Joystick

25. LightPen

26. PointingStick

27. TouchScreen

28. BarcodeReader

29. Scanner

30. Microphone

31. OutputDevices
 Hardware that allows computer to communicate with
user
 Monitor
 Speakers
 Printers
 Modem

32. Monitors

33. Speakers

34. Printers

35. Modem

36. StorageDevices
 Hardware that allows you to store or retrieve
information
 Hard Disk Drive
 Floppy Disk
 Zip Disk
 Optical Disk
 Compact Disk (CD)
 Digital Versatile Disk (DVD)

37. HardDiskDrive

38. FloppyDisk

39. ZIPDisk

40. CD

41. DVD

42. Coreofa
Computer
 Central Processing Unit
 The Microprocessor
 Performs task depending on the instruction it receives
from software
 Primary Section
 Arithmetic and Logic Unit
 Control Unit
 Memory

43. Microprocessor

44. Arithmeticand
Logicunit
 Performs Arithmetic and Logical Operations
 Arithmetic Operations
 Addition
 Subtraction
 Multiplication
 Division
 Logical Operations
 Comparisons

45. ControlUnit
 Boss and coordinates all the activities of a computer
 Uses programming instructions
 Controls flow of information through the processors
 Communication between computer and human will be
done by programs

46. Memory
 Found on the motherboard
 Types of Memory
 Short Term – Random Access Memory
 Long Term – Read Only Memory

47. Component
 People
 Procedure
 Hardware
 Software
 Data
 Communication

48. PrimarySection

49. People
 Oblivious Component
 Input should be given by the person

50. Procedure
 How to perform the task
 Procedure has to be done by the person
 Has to perform correct procedure
 Procedures for computer system comes in manual
known as Documentation

51. Hardware
 Tangible, physical equipment
 Seen and touched
 Computer Case
 Monitor
 Keyboard and Mouse
 Disk Drive
 Speakers

52. Software
 Intangible set of instructions
 Tell the computer what to do
 Programs or software programs
 Types of software
 Application
 System Software
 Operating System

53. Application
Software

54. System
Software

55. Data
 Raw Material
 Processed by the computer
 And provide as Information
 Stored on Drive or Hard Disk
 Data is organized as
 Bits
 Bytes
 Fields
 Record
 databases

56. Communication
 Transmission of text, numeric, voice or video from one
computer to another system
 Modems, Cables, Ports – Communication Devices
 One way of communication is Network

57. Network
 Computers that are connected to other computers
 Share information to hardware
 Type of Network
 Local Area Network
 Wide Area Network

58. LocalArea
Network
 Connected together in a close location
 The data and software will be stored on a central
computer known as servers

59. WideArea
Network
 Connecting multiple local area networks

60. System
Software
 Operating System
 Utility Programs
 Graphical User Interface (GUI)
 Application Software
 Business
 Spreadsheet
 Database
 Word Processing
 Communications
 Graphics and Multimedia
 Education and References
 Entertainment and Leisure
 Integrated Programs