The Coastal Plain extends eastward from the Fall Zone to the Atlantic Ocean. Large rivers like the Potomac, Rappahannock, York, and James flow southeast across the Coastal Plain and through the Fall Zone, where the rivers cascade over resistant igneous and metamorphic rocks, to empty into the Chesapeake Bay, which then empties into the Atlantic Ocean. The topography of the Coastal Plain forms a terraced landscape that slopes down to the coast and major rivers, with scarps marking former shorelines and terraces representing emergent lands. This landscape was shaped over millions of years as sea levels rose and fell due to glacial cycles.

1. he Coastal Plain extends from the Fall Zone eastward to the Atlantic Ocean. Through
the Fall Zone, the larger streams cascade off the resistant igneous and metamorphic rocks
of the Piedmont to sea level. Large tidal rivers, the Potomac, Rappahannock, York, and
James, flow southeastward across the Coastal Plain to the Chesapeake Bay. The Bay, in
turn, empties into the Atlantic Ocean.
The topography of the Coastal Plain is a terraced landscape that stair-steps down to the
coast and to the major rivers. The risers (scarps) are former shorelines and the treads are
emergent bay and river bottoms. The higher, older plains in the western part of the
Coastal Plain are more dissected by stream erosion than the lower, younger terrace treads.
This landscape was formed over the last few million years as sea level rose and fell in
response to the repeated melting and growth of large continental glaciers and as the
Coastal Plain slowly uplifted. During the glacial maxima, much of the continental shelf
was emergent and the Susquehanna flowed through the Chesapeake lowland and across
the exposed shelf to the sea 80 km or more to the east. The Chesapeake Bay was created
about 5000 to 6000 years ago when the lower course of the Susquehanna River through
the Chesapeake lowland was flooded as meltwater from the large Pleistocene continental
glaciers raised sea level. Continuing sea level rise and shoreline erosion caused the bay to
expand its aerial extent

2. Lake Drummond
The Dismal Swamp is one of Virginia's most interesting natural
features. It is a huge wetland area in southeastern Virginia. It
provides protection and food for many types of wildlife. The
wildlife include deer, rabbits, raccoons, foxes, bobcats, and even
bears. Birds, snakes, frogs and turtles can also be found here.
Virginia's largest natural lake, Lake Drummond, is
Dismal Swamp located here.

4. In the heart of Virginia, where the Blue Ridge Mountains meet gently rolling hills
lies The Virginia Piedmont. A region rich in natural beauty, American history,
farmlands, quaint towns and inns, wineries and fine dining, the Piedmont is less
than an hour’s drive from Northern Virginia/Washington D.C., Fredericksburg or
Charlottesville.
Follow scenic roads through expanses of farmland, orchards and horse farms
bordered by centuries-old stone fences. Walk the main streets of the region’s
historic towns and villages, and explore the restaurants, from casual to elegant,
the galleries, antique shops and other stores. Sample Virginia’s award-winning
wines at the many vineyards of the region.
Relive American history as you walk the trails of Civil War battlefields, visit the
home and 2,700 acre estate of President James Madison and visit numerous
other historic sites.
Hike or horseback ride through fields and woods or bicycle along winding scenic
roads. Don your favorite hat and head to the Gold Cup races, a steeplechase or
other equestrian event. Canoe the Rappahannock and Rapidan rivers or enjoy a
leisurely afternoon of fishing on the Rose or Robinson.

5. These are pictures of the Fall Line.