Keynote from Dimitrios Tzovaras on "ICT for Smart Cities" in the 1st Summer School on Smart Cities and Linked Open Data (LD4SC 2015).

1. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
z
LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
1st
Summer
School
on
Smart
Ci2es
and
Linked
Open
Data
(LD4SC-­‐15)
ICT
for
Smart
Ci2es
Dr.
Dimitrios
Tzovaras
InformaBon
Technologies
InsBtute
(ITI)
Centre
for
Research
and
Technology
Hellas
(CERTH)

2. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Index
• Smart
Ci2es
are
a
Necessity
– CiBes
in
Numbers
– EU
Targets
for
Climate
and
Energy
• The
Concept
of
Smart
CiBes
• ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
CiBes
• ICT
in
the
EeB
Sector
of
Smart
CiBes
• European
FP7/Horizon
ICT
projects
• Future
Vision
2

3. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Smart
CiBes
are
a
Necessity
(1/2)
– The
percentage
of
people
over
the
age
of
60
increases
each
year
– The
number
of
people
over
the
age
of
60
is
expected
to
triple
by
2050
and
will
outnumber
children
under
15
Ci#es
in
numbers
Urban
Growth
Global
Warming
Ageing
Popula#on
– Urban
popula2ons
will
grow
by
an
es2mated
2.3
billion
over
the
next
40
years
– The
World
Health
Organiza2on
es2mates,
the
global
urban
popula2on
will
grow
approximately
1.84%
per
year
between
2015
and
2020
– Ci2es
consume
75%
of
the
world’s
energy
– Ci2es
produce
80%
of
its
greenhouse
gas
emissions
3

4. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Smart
CiBes
are
a
Necessity
(2/2)
20
%
20
%
20
%
EU
Targets
for
Climate
and
Energy
By
2020
40
%
reduc2on
in
gas
emissions
27%
increase
in
renewable
energy
30%
improvement
in
energy
efficiency
By
2030
Image
taken
from:
hZp://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energy-­‐strategy/2030-­‐energy-­‐strategy
4

5. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Index
• Smart
CiBes
are
a
Necessity
• The
Concept
of
Smart
Ci2es
– Challenges
as
New
OpportuniBes
–
Smart
CiBes
in
Europe
• ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
CiBes
• ICT
in
the
EeB
Sector
of
Smart
CiBes
• European
FP7/Horizon
ICT
projects
• Future
Vision
5

6. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
The
Concept
of
Smart
CiBes
(1/4)
Challenges
as
New
Opportuni2es
Smart
Ci2es
Defini2on
“ci%es
that
u%lise
informa%on
and
communica%on
technologies
with
the
aim
to
increase
the
life
quality
of
their
inhabitants
while
providing
sustainable
development”
(Bakici,
Almirall,
&
Wareham,
2013,
p.
137)
Solu#on
Efficient
and
innovaBve
technologies
to
meet
future
challenges
Image
taken
from:
hZps://ec.europa.eu/digital-­‐agenda/en/smart-­‐ciBes
6

7. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
The
concept
of
Smart
CiBes
(2/4)
Image
taken
from:
www.districtoffuture.eu
7

8. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
The
concept
of
Smart
CiBes
(3/4)
The
Smart
City
Concept
is
emerging
as
the
ü base
of
sustainable
growth
ü op2mal
solu2on
of
the
world’s
challenges
Fact
The
European
InnovaBon
Partnership
on
Smart
CiBes
and
CommuniBes
o Integrates
ICT,
energy
and
transport
o Establishes
strategic
partnerships
between
industry
and
European
ciBes
for
urban
systems
and
infrastructures
of
tomorrow
Image
taken
from:
hZp://ec.europa.eu/eip/smartciBes/files/eip-­‐ifc-­‐infographic.pdf
8

9. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
CiBes
Commitments
in
Energy,
Transport,
Mobility
and
ICT
The
concept
of
Smart
CiBes
(4/4)
InformaBon
Resources:
hZps://eu-­‐smartciBes.eu/
hZp://www.europarl.europa.eu/studies
The
raBo
of
Smart
CiBes
to
SmartCity
iniBaBves
across
the
EU
SmartCiBes
by
Country
Smart
Ci2es
in
Europe
9

10. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Index
• Smart
CiBes
are
a
Necessity
• The
Concept
of
Smart
CiBes
• ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
Ci2es
• ICT
in
the
EeB
Sector
of
Smart
CiBes
• European
FP7/Horizon
ICT
projects
• Future
Vision
10

11. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
• The
Europe
2020
strategy
incorporates
a
commitment
to
– promote
the
development
of
Smart
Ci2es
throughout
Europe
– invest
in
the
necessary
ICT
infrastructure
and
human
&
social
capital
development
– increase
effecBveness,
reduce
costs
and
improve
quality
of
life
through
ICT
technology
• ICT
itself
accounts
for
2%
of
all
CO2
emissions
but
a
vast
potenBal
to
help
improve
the
energy
efficiency
of
other
sectors
ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
CiBes
(1/8)
InformaBon
and
communicaBons
technology
(ICT)
is
a
key
enabler
for
smart
city
innovaBon
11

12. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
In
Smart
Ci#es
• Digital
technologies
translate
into:
–
BeZer
public
services
for
ciBzens
–
BeZer
use
of
resources
and
–
Less
impact
on
the
environment
ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
CiBes
(2/8)
Increased
Energy
Efficiency
Maximum
Interoperability
12

13. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
ICT
pivotal
role
13
ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
CiBes
(3/8)
• Broadband
Networks
ü
Access
to
Internet
and
public
services
for
maximum
connec%vity
ü Wireless
broadband
for
mobile
applica%ons,
smart
devices,
sensors,
IoT
apps
• Embedded
Systems
ü Smart
Devices
ü Sensor/Actuators
for
remote
monitoring
and
control
ü Embedded
Intelligence
(spa%al,
environmental,
etc.)

14. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
CiBes
(4/8)
• Connected
ICT
Infrastructure
ü Connec%ng
smart
devices,
sensors
and
applica%ons
for
ubiquitous
ICT
facili%es
ü Data
processing
and
op%mal
decision
making
• Data
Modelling
and
Linked
Open
Data
ü Ontologies
and
Vocabularies
for
data
processing
ü Publica%on
of
Linked
and
Seman%cally
enhanced
Data
ü Build
on
top
of
web-­‐based
Applica%ons
and
Services
ICT
pivotal
role
14

15. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
CiBes
(5/8)
• The
Internet
of
Things
(IoT)
seamlessly
incorporates
a
large
number
of
heterogeneous
end
systems
ü Open
access
to
data
for
the
development
of
digital
services
ü Urban
IoTs
uBlise
communicaBon
technologies
to
support
added-­‐
value
services
for
the
ciBzens
and
administraBon
!
a
plethora
of
machines,
devices,
sensors,
actuators,
and
other
objects
are
interconnected
to
each
other
and
to
higher-­‐level
systems
exchanging
data
15

16. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
“1.1
billion
connected
things
will
be
used
by
smart
ci%es
in
2015
rising
to
9.7
billion
by
2020
”
Gartner,
Inc.
ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
CiBes
(6/8)
Image
taken
from:
www.channelnomics.com
16

17. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Context
–
aware
sensors
and
networked
devices
Data
extracBon,processing,
storage,
and
analyBcs
at
distributed
points
Central
data
collecBon
with
integrated
and
open-­‐standard
APIs
for
building
on
open-­‐data
On
top
applicaBons
and
services
for
ciBzens
&
administraBon
Smart
City
ICT
Architecture
ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
CiBes
(7/8)
17

18. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
18
ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
CiBes
(8/8)
Main
targets
– CiBzens
– Building
sector
– Energy
sector
– Municipality
Smart
City
Layers
using
ICT
applica#ons
!
Energy
sector
is
closely
interconnected
with
the
Building
sector
at
a
city
scale
system
represen%ng
distributed
nodes
of
an
interlinked
network

19. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Index
• Smart
CiBes
are
a
Necessity
• The
Concept
of
Smart
CiBes
• ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
CiBes
• ICT
in
the
EeB
Sector
of
Smart
Ci2es
• European
FP7/Horizon
ICT
projects
• Future
Vision
19

20. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
ICT
in
the
EeB
Sector
of
Smart
CiBes
(1/2)
• Energy
efficient
(nearly
zero,
net
zero,
and
energy
posiBve
)
buildings
with
on-­‐site
renewable
energy
producBon
• Intelligent
Buildings
are
connected
with
the
energy
networks
and
are
dynamically
responsive
• BMS
&
Tools
for
managing
the
building
as
an
ac2ve
prosumer
in
the
city’s
energy
system
• Huge
amount
of
dynamic
data
derived
from
sensors,
smart
devices
etc.
are
processed
for
paZern
recogniBon
(energy
behavior,
usage
paZerns,
occupancy
etc.)
and
predicBon
R4SC
Vision
General
Aim
The
Urban
mulB-­‐domain
Intelligence
System
is
to
be
based
on
a
standardized
ontology
framework
providing
a
semanBc
interoperability
and
common
data
format
Smart
Buildings
Characteris#cs
20

21. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Requirements
• Interoperability
to
be
ensured
at
different
levels
– physical
level:
the
sensors,
actuators,
and
acquisiBon
systems
are
interconnected
– communicaBon
protocols,
data
structures
and
seman2cs
are
shared
• BEM
systems
operate
with
Standardized
Data
Models
(
e.g.
buildingSMART
IFC
standard)
•
Smart
appliances
communicate
with
open
protocols
(standards,
dicBonaries,
etc.)
ICT
in
the
EeB
Sector
of
Smart
CiBes
(2/2)
21

22. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
• Smart
CiBes
are
a
Necessity
• The
Concept
of
Smart
CiBes
• ICT
Key
Enabler
for
Smart
CiBes
• ICT
in
the
EeB
Sector
of
Smart
CiBes
• European
FP7/Horizon
ICT
projects
– ADAPT4EE
FP7
ICT
Project
– INERTIA
FP7
ICT
Project
– SWIMing
Horizon
2020
Project
• Future
Vision
Index
22

23. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Smart
Buildings
Energy
Efficiency
Applica#on-­‐Based
ICT
developments
Stakeholders
Engagement
Standardiza#on
Best
Prac#ses
Use
Cases
Evolu2on
to
the
New
Data
Ecosystem
FP7/Horizon
2020
EU
ICT
Projects
• ADAPT4EE
&
INERTIA
use
case
paradigms
for
the
uBlisaBon
and
development
of
semanBc
vocabularies
&
data
• R4SC
&
SWIMing
Community
building
projects
– IdenBfy
use
cases
– Aggregate
applicaBon
projects
results
– Deliver
best
pracBses
for
ontologies
and
datasets
towards
a
common
approach
European
FP7/Horizon
ICT
projects
23

24. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
The
ADAPT4EE
FP7
ICT
Project
24

25. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
ADAPT4EE
-­‐
Overview
Adapt4EE
aims
at
augmen2ng
the
contemporary
architectural
envelope
by
incorpora2ng
business
and
occupancy
related
informa2on
to
the
early
construcBon
products.
The
project
provides
a
holis%c
approach
to
the
design
and
evalua#on
of
the
energy
performance
of
construc%on
products
at
an
early
stage
and
prior
to
their
realiza%on..
Construction &
Design
Real Life
(Pilot Facilities)
TRAINING
Adapt4EE Enterprise
Building Data Modeling
(eeBDM)
Business
Process
Model
Occupancy
Model
SIMULATION
Monitoring – Real Life
Data Acquisition
& Analysis
Energy Performance
Evaluation & Visualization
Building
Information
Model
Designers & Engineers
Towards Energy
Efficient
Building Design
25

26. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Occupancy
and
Business
Modelling
in
Smart
Buildings
• Building
performance
analysis
highly
depends
on
occupants
behavior
• Building
Occupancy
Analysis
helps
predicBng
space
u2liza2on
and
energy
usage
with
increased
accuracy,
granularity
and
reliability
• Lack
of
models
that
fully
characterize
occupancy
behavior
with
the
Enterprise/Organiza2on
that
will
be
housed
in
the
facility/building
under
design
• Enrichment
of
exisBng
BPS
tool
with
occupancy
paZerns
&
individual
user
profiling
energy
consump#on
space
u#liza#on
Final
Aim
Predic2on
from
the
early
design
phase
26

27. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
AcBvity
Based
and
Behavioural
OM
Methodology
(1/3)
Step1.
Defini2on
of
Occupancy
Models
in
a
Building
Occupant
Behavior
Presence
&
Movement
When
What
Where
Who
Why
Organiza#on
/
Enterprise
Model
(BPM)
Building
Model
Elements
(BIM)
Space
Equip.
Env.
…
Actor
Business
Process
Assets
Step
2.
Contextual
Analysis
of
users’
dynamic
behaviour
fully
integrated
with
BIM
model
27

28. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Step
4.
User
Behavior
Models
to
semanBcally
enrich
Occupancy
Models
with
informaBon
related
to
acBviBes
performed
during
human
presence
in
building
Step
3.
Incorpora2on
of
several
domain
models
to
cope
with
BIM
and
BPM
aspects
AcBvity
Based
and
Behavioural
OM
Methodology
(2/3)
28

29. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Step
5.
Business
Process
Models
to
correlate
the
acBviBes
with
the
enterprise/organizaBon
that
will
be
“housed”
in
the
building
under
design
AcBvity
Based
and
Behavioural
OM
Methodology
(3/3)
29

30. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Business/Enterprise
Data
Models
• Enterprise
Data
Models
that
can
be
used
in
Building
Performance
Analysis
Tools
(actors,
roles,
units,
business
processes,
equipment
&semanBc
relaBons
among
them)
Business
Process
X
v
Actors
involved
v
Sequence
of
Ac%vi%es
performed
by
Actors
v
Occupants’
interacBons
with
Enterprise
Resources
v
…
DefiniBon
of
primary
business
processes
(Skeleton
AcBviBes)
30

31. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Combining
Behavioural
&
Business
Models
(1/3)
• The
combined
seman2c
model
defines
basic
interac2ons
among
the
building
(BIM),
the
enterprise
(BPM)
and
occupant’s
domain
models
• Denotes
the
loca2ons
(Space)
that
ac2vi2es
(AcBvity)
can
be
executed
by
the
occupants
(Actor)
of
the
building
under
design
• Depending
on
the
level
of
development,
the
data
schema
allows
for
rela2ng
BIM
components
(equipment,
lighBng
and
HVAC,
etc)
with
ac2vi2es
and
actors
• Fully
extendable
data
schema
that
can
incorporate
more
parameters
for
occupant
behavior
simulaBon
and
building
performance
analysis
User
AcBvity
Schedules
Data
Views
Performance
Analysis
Occupancy
Schedules
Occupancy
related
Loads
Control
Behavior
Predic2on
Seman2c
Model
31

32. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Combining
Behavioural
&
Business
Models
(2/3)
32

33. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
XML
schema
as
an
extension
to
gbXML
standard
Enterprise/Business
Model
Occupancy
Behavioural
Model
Combining
Behavioural
&
Business
Models
(3/3)
33

34. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
• OWL
Data
Schema
easily
incorporated
to
exisBng
BIM
models
standards
ADAPT4EE
Results
(1/6)
• Ontologies
and
XSD
Schemas
available
on
Web
via
ADAPT4EE
official
website
hp://www.adapt4ee.eu/adapt4ee/results/ontologies.html
34

35. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
35
ADAPT4EE
Results
(2/6)
ADAPT4EE
CIM
High
Level
View

36. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
36
ADAPT4EE
Results
(3/6)
• Measurement
Ontology

37. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
37
• Building
Ontology
• Process
Ontology
ADAPT4EE
Results
(4/6)

38. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
• Occupancy
Ontology
Allowing
semanBc
interpretaBon
of
raw
measurements
related
to
occupancy
profiles
– Support
for
reasoning
on
BIM,
BPM
and
contextualized
EVENTS
(BIM,
device/equipment)
– A
working
example
for
UNAV
pilot
site
has
been
included
for
the
usage
of
the
ontology
38
ADAPT4EE
Results
(5/6)

39. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
• StaBc
and
Dynamic
occupancy-­‐related
parameters
extracted
by
the
Building
Measurement
Framework
– Support
for
extracBng
Occupant
presence,
behavioral,
schedule
and
comfort
related
aZributes/parameters
– Enabling
correlaBon
of
BIM
and
BPM
related
parameters
ADAPT4EE
Results
(6/6)
39

40. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
ADAPT4EE
ApplicaBons
using
the
Data
Models
• Occupancy
profiling
within
Adapt4EE
– Based
on
the
analysis
of
the
foreseen
Building
Sensor
Cloud
(depth,
RFID,
temperature,
CO2
,
humidity,
lighBng,
etc)
• Usage
of
Occupancy
data
models
in
Measurement
phase
(calibraBon/training)
– AcBvity
mapping
– GeneraBon
of
behavioral
templates
for
use
in
simulaBon
framework
(Combining
both
real
measurements
and
defined
BPM
models
)
40

41. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
INERTIA
-­‐
Overview
41

42. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
INERTIA
FP7
ICT
Project
INERTIA
project
addresses
the
"structural
iner#a"
of
exis%ng
Distribu%on
Grids
by
introducing
more
ac#ve
elements
combined
with
the
necessary
control
and
distributed
coordina#on
mechanisms.
To
this
end
INERTIA
will
adopt
the
Internet
of
Things/Services
principles
to
the
Distribu%on
Grid
Control
Opera%ons.
42

43. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
• Demand
Side
Management
Framework
– IntegraBon
of
local
demand
and
generaBon
(DER)
into
the
Grid
– Local
(Building)
&
Global
(Grid)
level
mulB-­‐agent
management
• IntegraBon
of
Seman#cally
Enhanced
Distributed
Energy
Resources
(DERs)
profiles
• Service
Oriented
Middleware
for
mulB-­‐direcBonal
communicaBon
• HolisBc
Energy
Performance
Models
• Prosumer
Seman#c
Profiles
– IncorporaBng
behavior,
acBvity
flows
and
environmental
knowledge
INERTIA
-­‐
Overview
43

44. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
INERTIA
–
Pilot
Site
MulB-­‐sensorial
Network
Building
Pilot
Site
for
Data
Acquisi2on
• CERTH
(Greece)
– InstallaBon
of
the
Building
AutomaBon
System
in
a
set
of
pilot
areas
– ConsumpBon/ProducBon
DERs
• Mul2-­‐sensorial
Network
for
data
Acquisi2on
– Environmental
Measurements
– Power
ConsumpBon
– Occupancy
– User
Profiling
44

45. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
• Based
on
the
LinkSmart
Middleware
– Layer
to
integrate
a
set
of
heterogeneous
devices
and
sensors
– Device
Managers
supporBng
20
different
types
of
DERs,
sensors
and
actuators
deployed
on
7
different
networking
plarorms
– Common
approach
for
data
and
control
acBons
presentaBon
for
interoperability
• Seman2c
models
created
in
form
of
ontologies
– Containing
spaBal,
DER
and
occupancy
aspects
– Inference
mechanisms
applied
– INERTIA
semanBc
devices
to
adress
complex
models
LinkSmart
Event
Data
Model
INERTIA
–
Data
Models
45

46. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
INERTIA
Building
Ontology
(1/3)
• INERTIA
Ontology
describes
three
main
domains
addressed
in
the
building
context:
ü Loca2on
ü Devices
ü Occupants
• Refers
to
the
Energy-­‐related
BIM
model
and
correlates
Distributed
Energy
Resources
with
Sensors/Actuators
• Describes
DERs
such
as
HVACs,
Lightning
etc.
• Describes
the
WSN
with
a
wide
set
of
Sensor/Actuator
sub-­‐
classes
represenBng
the
installed
equipment.
• Applica2on-­‐based
ontology
to
cover
specific
needs
of
the
project
46

47. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
INERTIA
Building
Ontology
(2/3)
47

48. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
• RelaBons
between
each
two
levels
give
locaBon
hierarchy
• Hierarchical
dependencies
between
connected
levels
• LocaBons
mapped
to
sensors,
DERs
or
occupants.
INERTIA
Building
Ontology
(3/3)
48

49. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
INERTIA-­‐
SemanBc
rules
sample
model
• Sample
case
ü Retrieve
all
events
of
temperature
sensors
located
at
the
1st
floor
of
the
building
ü SpaBal
hierarchy
ü 4
devices,
1
smart
plug
and
3
thermometers
with
unique
IDs
49

50. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
• Occupancy
aspects
affect
the
usage
of
specific
devices
(e.g.
Office
and
Home
Appliances)
• The
occupancy
modelling
is
combined
with
occupancy
detecBon
systems,
i.e
RFID,
to
beZer
correlate
device
applied
acBons
with
human
presence
• Occupancy
Modelling
Concept
ü Each
Occupant
is
correlated
with
personal
appliances
ü Each
Occupant
is
correlated
with
a
loca%on
INERTIA
Occupancy
Ontology
50

51. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
INERTIA
Results
• OWL
Data
Schema
easily
incorporated
to
exisBng
BIM
models
standards
• INERTIA
Linked
Data
endpoint
available
for
SPARQL
quering
hp://www.iner%a-­‐linkeddata.i%.gr
• Ontologies
XSD
Schemas
and
Dataset
Instances
available
on
Web
via
INERTIA
official
website
hp://www.iner%a-­‐project.eu/iner%a/results/ontology.html
51

52. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
CollaboraBve
Efforts
for
StandardizaBon
(1/3)
ETSI,
the
European
Telecommunica%ons
Standard
Ins%tute,
standardized
the
machine-­‐to-­‐machine
(M2M)
architecture
This
architecture
describes
in
which
way
and
how
machines
interact
with
one
another
TNO
study
(January
2014
-­‐
March
2015)
for
the
EC
ü Brings
together
semanBcs
and
data
from
smart
appliances
in
buildings
and
households
ü
Smart
Appliances
reference
(SAREF)
ontology
that
can
be
used
to
match
the
data
from
different
organizaBons.
ü SAREF
ontology
fits
into
the
ETSI
M2M
architecture
52

53. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
CollaboraBve
Efforts
for
StandardizaBon
(2/3)
• CollaboraBon
with
ETSI
Board
SAP
and
DG
Connect
during
the
4th
Workshop
on
Smart
Appliances
• Main
focus
on
bringing
together
semanBcs
and
data
from
smart
appliances
in
buildings
and
households
• Output
the
Smart
Appliances
reference
(SAREF)
ontology
• INERTIA
Ontology
mapped
with
SAREF
Ontology
to
idenBfy
commonaliBes
and
future
extensions
Available
at:
hZps://sites.google.com/site/smartappliancesproject/ontologies/reference-­‐ontology
53

54. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Mapping
of
different
Device
Concepts
and
Project
Ontologies
CollaboraBve
Efforts
for
StandardizaBon
(3/3)
54

55. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
SAREF
Ontology
The
SAREF
ontology
focuses
on
the
concept
of
device
Device
class
and
its
proper#es
Building
Space
and
Building
Object
classes
55

56. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
INERTIA
Ontology
Comparison
Example
with
SAREF
Ontology
(1/4)
Light
Actuator
INERTIA
Configura2on
Requirements
SAREF
Ontology
Type
(e.g.
ON/OFF,
dimming
etc.)
• saref:
hasModel
string
• saref:hasCategory
saref:DeviceCategory
Measurement
range
Event
repor%ng
interval
• saref:Open_close_func%on
• saref:Metering
Func%on
Loca%on
of
actuator
• saref:isLocatedIn
saref:BuildingSpace
(BuildingSpace
class
contains
the
Device
and
the
space
type
FIEMSER
Ontology)
Func%ons
(ON/OFF
set
&
status
monitor,
consump%on)
• saref:hasFunc%on
saref:Open
close
Func%on
saref:On_off_func%on
saref:Sensing
Func%on
Opera%on
Status
ON/OFF
saref:
hasState
saref:state
Consump%on
value
saref:
Power
Dimming
Factor
rate
(if
applicable)
No
dimming
factor.
Possible
extension
dimming
factor
state
Light
Switch
56

57. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Visual
Representa2on
of
SAREF
Ontology
INERTIA
Ontology
Comparison
Example
with
SAREF
(2/4)
57

58. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Visual
Representa2on
of
Light
Switch
INERTIA
Ontology
Comparison
Example
with
SAREF
(3/4)
58

59. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Visual
RepresentaBon
of
Metering
Func#on
accomplished
by
Light_Switch
Visual
RepresentaBon
of
Open_Close_Func#on
accomplished
by
Light_Switch
59
INERTIA
Ontology
Comparison
Example
with
SAREF
(3/4)

60. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Proposed
Extensions
According
to
INERTIA
(1/2)
• INERTIA
Smart
Dishwasher
to
operate
as
Smart
Energy
Appliance
according
to
specific
operaBon
profiles
• Wide
variety
of
services:
from
simple
awareness
up
to
a
fully
integrated
Energy
Management
System
Proposed
Extensions
• BIM
allocaBon
of
the
Dishwasher
• The
Dishwasher
properBes
should
be
retrieved
via
GET
command
• Extra
Commands
to
be
applied;Washing
start
%me,
Phase
delay
%me
60

61. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
• HVAC
system
consisBng
of
external
(VRV
units)
and
internal
units
• BIM
allocaBon
of
both
external
and
internal
units
• External
units
correlated
with
their
internal
units
• AddiBonal
Commands
to
be
applied
INERTIA
HVAC
system
Proper2es
ConfiguraBon
parameters
Current
OperaBonal
Status
(ON/OFF)
Current
Power
ConsumpBon
Actual
Temperature
Temperature
Set
Point
User
Control
On
Off
(ACTIVE/PASSIVE)
User
Control
Temperature
Set
Point
INERTIA
Genera2on
Units
Proper2es
ConfiguraBon
Parameters
ConnecBon
status
AcBve
Power
Set
point
Current
AcBve
Power/capacity
Charging
status
Producing
or
Consuming
mode
(only
for
storage
devices)
• Genera#on/storage
devices
to
be
included
ü Photovoltaic
panels
ü BaZeries
(EVs,
PVs)
ü Power
Generators
• AddiBonal
Commands
to
be
applied
Proposed
Extensions
According
to
INERTIA
(2/2)
61

62. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
Possible
Extensions
to
be
Standardized
– Extension
of
available
subclasses
to
address
a
wider
variety
of
instances
(complex
devices,
HVAC
system,
genera#on
units)
– Parameters
such
as
Temperature,
u#liza#on
rates,
could
affect
Energy
profiles
of
other
devices
i.e.
HVAC
systems,
thermosta%c
appliances
– Extension
of
Measurement
Units
(Humidity
units,
C02
rate,
occupant
units
etc.)
for
environmental
and
occupancy
sensors
– Some
properBes
could
be
more
generic
(e.g.
saref:hasDevice)
to
address
the
concept
of
different
sensors/actuators
ahached
to
DERs
– Extension
of
available
func%ons/services
(e.g.
add
phase
delays
for
Washing
Machines)
– Occupancy
aspects
and
user
behaviour
to
device
could
be
taken
into
considera%on
62

63. LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
z
LD4SC
Summer
School
7th
-­‐
12th
June,
Cercedilla,
Spain
1st
Summer
School
on
Smart
Ci2es
and
Linked
Open
Data
(LD4SC-­‐15)
Thank
you
for
your
aZenBon!