Peking opera is a traditional Chinese theater art form that originated in the 18th century and combines music, singing, dance, pantomime, and acrobatics. Students would train for seven years, starting from a young age, to master the skills of acting and combat. Performances feature elaborate costumes and facial makeup to distinguish characters and convey meanings like bravery or wickedness. Peking opera reflects Chinese cultural traditions through its conventions of stylized movement, music, staging, and other visual performance elements.

1. Peking Opera of China
A Report by Group I of 8 - Centrioles

2. China is known for their
traditional theater art form,
the Peking opera, or Beijing
opera which combines music,
vocal performance,
pantomime, dance, and
acrobatics.

3. It started in the late 18th century and became fully
developed and recognized by the mid-19th century.
During the Qing Dynasty court, it became
extremely popular and came to be regarded as
one of the cultural treasures of China.

4. Pupils were often handpicked at a
young age by a teacher and trained
for seven years on contract from the
child’s parents.
Daytime was spent learning the skills
of acting and combat and senior
students performed in outside
theaters in the evening.
After 1911, training took place in
more formally organized schools.
Students of these schools rose
as early as five o’ clock in the
morning exercises.

5. Characters
and Roles

6. Sheng
Peking Opera’s main role.
There are three kinds.

7. Xiaosheng
Actors are often involved with
beautiful women by virtue of
the handsome and young
image they project.

8. It is a martial character for
roles involving combat. They
are highly trained in
acrobatics and have a natural
voice when singing.
Wusheng

9. Laosheng
A dignified older role.
These characters have a
gentle and cultivated
disposition and wear
sensible costumes.

10. Dan
It refers to any female role in Peking Opera.
There are five kinds.

11. Laodan
An old woman.

12. Wudan
A martial woman.

13. Daomadan
A young female warrior.

14. Qingyi
An elite, virtuous woman.

15. Huadan
An unmarried, vivacious woman.

16. Jing
Jing is a painted face male role who
plays either primary or secondary
roles.
This type of role entails a forceful
character, which means that a
Jing actor must have a strong
voice and be able to exaggerate
gestures.
The red color denotes
loyalty and goodness,
white denotes evil, and
black denotes integrity.

17. Chou
A male clown that usually
plays secondary roles.
Chou, meaning “ugly”, reflects the
traditional belief that the clown’s
ugliness and laughter could drive
away evil spirits.

18. Visual
Performance
Elements
Peking opera performers
utilize four main skills
such as the following.

19. Song
Dance-Acting
pure dance
Speech
Combat
pantomime
other types of dances
acrobatics
fighting with all manner
of weaponry

20. A review on
Peking Opera’s Facial
Makeup Colors and
Their Meanings

21. Black
fierceness
roughness

22. Blue
loyalty
fierceness
sharpness

23. Green
impulsive
stubborness
violence

24. Purple
sophistication
cool-headedness
uprightness

25. Red
devotion
courage
bravery
loyalty uprightness

26. Reddish Purple
(Magenta)
just
nobility

27. White
craftiness
dangerousness
suspiciousness

28. Yellow
ambition
cool-headedness
fierceness

29. Xiaohualian
It is a small patch of chalk
on around the nose.
Clowns of traditional drama
who wears this special makeup
show any mean and secretive
character.

30. Aesthetic Aims and
Principal Movement
The highest aim of performers in Peking opera is to
put beauty into every motion.
The art forms, gestures, settings, music,
and character types are determine by long
help conventions.
Conventions of movement
include the following.

31. Walking in a large circle
always symbolizes travelling a
long distance.

32. A character straightening his or
her costume and headdress
symbolizes that an important
character is about to speak.

33. Pantomimic is the opening
and closing of the doors and
mounting and descending of
the stairs.

34. Staging and
Costumes

35. Stage
The stage are composed of square platforms, action on stage is
usually visible from at least three sides; stages were built above the
line of sight of the viewers, but some modern stages have been
constructed with higher audience divided into two parts by an
embroidered curtain called shoujiu.

36. Costumes
Xingtou, popularly known as Xifu, in Chinese origins of Peking opera.
Costumes can be traced back to the mid-14th century.
They enable the audience to distinguish a character’s sex and status at
first glance – if noble or humble, civilian or military, officials or private
citizens, give expressions to sharp distinctions between of good and evil
or loyal and wicked characters.

37. Costumes
Oblong wings (Chizi) attached to a gauze hat indicate a
loyal official. In contrast, a corrupt official is made to wear
a gauze hat with rhomboidal wing.

38. The play utilizes very few props, will
almost always have a table and at
least one chair, which can be turned
to convention into such diverse
objects as a city wall, a mountain, or
a bed. A whip is used to indicate a
horse, and an oar symbolizes a boat.
Props

39. They are visible to the audience on
the front part of the stage.
Musicians

40. They immediately move to the center
north upon entering the stage. All
characters enter from the east and
exist from the west.
Performers

41. End of report.
Thank you for listening!
A Report by Group I of 8 - Centrioles
B1 Agcamaran, Patrick Joseph
B2 Asence, Erick Justin
B3 Batuhan, Mark Aljo
B4 Besmonte, John Michael
B5 Borabien, Miguel Angelo
B6 Camasis, Karl Emmanuel
G1 Alvarez, Ashley Mae
G2 Atienza, Paulinne Vianca
G3 Bumanglag, Julia Shaane
G4 Carpio, Comei
G5 Coronel, Irish
G6 Deuda, Angela Camille
G7 Embile, Aleeyah Jasmine
G8 Evale, Excella
G9 Gutierrez, Urielle Rosalynne