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Jsp Notes

JSP provides a scripting environment for Java code to generate dynamic web page content. Key elements include directives like <jsp:include> and <jsp:forward> for page composition, scriptlets for Java code, and expressions for output. The Expression Language (EL) offers a simpler way than scriptlets to access data and call methods. JSPs are compiled into servlets, so they can use Java classes and web technologies like MVC.

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Tomcat 7 Servlet 3.0 ------------- servelet anno Synch and Aych processing* JEE 5 or JEE 6 ------------ both are same tech... MVC View:jsp Controller: servlet/ filter JSP ----- if both servelt and jsp are same the why two? ------------------------------------------- CGI and Perl Servlet ASP JSP= Java Server Pages -------- to simplify the web app development ASP.net ------ Struts ------- Velocity -------- jsp is same as servlet -------------------------- jsp should be convered in servlet. ------------------------------------ Servlet container
JSP container JSP is slow then servlet first time only ---------------------------------------- depends on container u are using* after ward speed of jsp and servlet are same. What ever we can do in servlet we can do in jsp ---------------------------------------------- Servlet and jsp ============== how to learn jsp in 1 hr ------------------------- JSP =========== Nuts and bolts of JSP -------------------- diective ----------- decide behaviour of whole page <%@ ............ %> scriptlet ------------ <% %> pure java code
no html and jsp code expresssion ------------ <%= i %> out.prinln(i); expression is an replacement (Shortcut of out.println() ) decleration ------------ <%! %> <%! int i=0;%> <% i++;%> <%=i%> to compare jsp with sevlet ---------------------------------- hit counter programs -------------------- <%! int i=0; String fun() {
ruturn "hi"; } %> <% out.println("i:"+i); out.print(fun()); %> <%=i++%> is equivalent to <% out.print(i++); %> JSP key topics ======================= Java bean in jsp EL JSTL JSP std tag liberary Custome tag Should be used in place of scriptlet --------- class MyServlet extends HttpServlet { int i=0; public void fun() {
out.print("HI"); } public void doGet(...... req,......res)thr............ { PrintWriter out=res.get........(); out.println("i:"+i); out.print("<h1>india is shining?</h1>"); out.print("hi"); fun(); } } JSP directive ============= <%@ .... %> •page defines page-specific properties such as character encoding, the content type for this pages response and whether this page should have the implicit session object. <%@ page import="foo.*" session="false" %> <%@ page language=•java• import=•java.util.Date(), java.util.Dateformate()• iserrorpage=•false•%> A page directive can use up to thirteen different attributes -------------------- •include Defines text and code that gets added into the current page at translation time <%@ include file="hi.html" %> •taglib Defines tag libraries available to the JSP
<%@ taglib tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags/cool" prefix="cool" %> what is the syn of include directive -------------------------------- a.jsp -------------------- <h1>file 1</h2> <%@ include file="b.jsp" %> b.jsp ----------- <h1>file 2</h2> <h1>india is shining!</h1> <%=new Date()%> in theory --------- we should not use include directive if content of b.jsp is changing with time. Scriptlet ========= <% %> pure java code Nothing else only pure java
<% out.println(Counter.getCount()); %> Expression ========= <%= %> <%= Counter.getCount() %> Instance Declaration ==================== <%! %> JSP Comments =========== HTML Comment <!-- HTML Comment --> JSP Comment <%-- JSP Comment --%> Understnading ================ <html> <body> <%! int count=0; %> The page count is now: <= ++count %> </body> </html> page for only that page request doGet(..........request, ........res) session===>HttpSession s=req.getSession() application==>getServletContext()
Implicit Object ==================== JspWriter out HttpServletRequest request request.setAttribute("key","foo"); String temp=request.getAttribute("key"); HttpServletResponse response HttpSession session session.setAttribute("key","foo"); String temp=session.getAttribute("key"); ServletContext application application.setAttribute("key","foo"); String temp=application.getAttribute("key"); ServletConfig config Throwable exception PageContext pageContext (not in servlet) is an handly way to access any type of scoped variable? Object page (not in servlet) Standard Actions ---------------------- Tags that affect runtime behavior of JSP and response send back to client Std action types: ----------------- <jsp:useBean> <jsp:setProperty> <jsp:getProperty>
RequestDispacher rd=request.getRequestDispacher("show.jsp"); rd.forward(req,res); <jsp:include> <jsp:forward> <jsp:plugin> <jsp:param> applet API for the Generated Servlet ============================== jspInit() -------- This method is called from the init() method and it can be overridden jspDestroy() ---------- This method is called from the servlets destroy() method and it too can be overridden _jspService() This method is called from the servlets service() method which means its runs in a separate thread for each request, the container passes the request and response object to this method. You cannot override this method. Initializing your JSP ------------------------- put this in web.xml --------------------- <web-app ...> <servlet> <servlet-name>foo</servlet-name> <jsp-file>/index.jsp</jsp-file> <init-param> <param-name>email</param-name> <param-value>rgupta.mtech@gmail.com</param-value> </init-param> </servlet>
<servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>foo</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/index.jsp</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app> now getting them in init method =============================== <%! public void jspInit() { ServletConfig sConfig = getServletConfig(); String emailAddr = sConfig.getInitParameter("email"); ServletContext ctx = getServletContext(); ctx.setAttribute("mail", emailAddr); } %> class Fun { Fun(){} } now get attributes in service method =============================== <%= "Mail Attribute is: " + application.getAttribute("mail") %>
<%= "Mail Attribute is: " + pageContext.findAttribute("mail") %> <% ServletConfig sConfig = getServletConfig(); String emailAddr = sConfig.getInitParameter("email"); out.println("<br><br>Another way to get web.xml attributes: " + emailAddr ); %> <% out.println("<br><br>Yet another way to get web.xml attributes: " + getServletConfig().getInitParameter("email") ); %> Setting scoped attributes in JSP ================================ Application ----------- in servlet ---------- getServletContext().setAttribute("foo",barObj); in jsp -------- application.setAttribute("foo",barObj); Request -------- in servlet ---------- request.setAttribute("foo",barObj); in jsp -------- request.setAttribute("foo",barObj); Session -------- in servlet ---------- request.getSession().setAttribute("foo",barObj); in jsp -------- session.setAttribute("foo",barObj);
Page ------- in servlet ---------- do not apply in jsp -------- pageContext.setAttribute("foo",barObj); Note ============ Using the pageContext to get a session-scoped attribute ------------------------------------------------------------ <%= pageContext.getAttribute("foo", PageContext.SESSION_SCOPE ) %> Using the pageContext to get an application-scoped attribute ---------------------------------------------------------------- <%= pageContext.getAttribute("mail", PageContext.APPLICATION_SCOPE) %> Using the pageContext to find an attribute when you don't know the scope ----------------------------- <%= pageContext.findAttribute("mail") %> ExceptionHandling in JSP --------------------------- Exceptionhandling.jsp -------------------------- <%@ page errorPage="errorpage.jsp" isErrorPage="false"%> <% Dog d=null; String s=null; .... .... d.toString(); %> errorpage.jsp ---------------------- <%@ page isErrorPage="true" %> This is the Error page.The following error occurs:- <br> <%= exception.toString() %>
Reuqst dispaching vs redirect ------------------------------------ login.html ========== <form action ="myLogin.jsp". <input type="text" name="name"/> <input type="password" name="pass"/> <input type="submit"/> </form> login app ------------- passing parameter with dispaching ----------------------------- <jsp:include page="/requestParams2.jsp" > <jsp:param name="sessionID" value="<%= session.getId() %>" /> </jsp:include> getting in another servlet and jsp --------------------------------------- <%@ page import="java.util.*" %> <% Enumeration parameterNames = request.getParameterNames(); while (parameterNames.hasMoreElements()) { String name = (String)parameterNames.nextElement(); out.println(name); out.println(request.getParameter(name) ); } %>
Sepration of concern ------------------- no business logic should be done in jsp at any cost <jsp:useBean> <jsp:setProperty> <jsp:getProperty> Basic of jsp model ------------------- script file converted into eq servlet. no diff between servlet and jsp nut and bolts of jsp ----------------- Directive --------- include taglib*
page 13 attributes not all imp Scriptlet ------- pure java code must be avoided diff to avoide expression --------- aka of short cut for out.print() decleation ---------- <%! %> whatever u want to put in insta/static comments ------- jsp comm html comm:show in view source include directive and include action ---------------------------------------- if content is changing dynamicall always go for action scope ====== page request session application pageContext Std action --------- <jsp:useBean........./> <jsp:setProperty ............/> <jsp:getProperty ............../> How java bean internally use reflection and serl...? ------------------------------------------------ what is reflection *
============================================================================ Day-2 ============================================================================ EL:Expression Language More on java beans ------------------- <form action ="LoginServlet" method="get"> ID:<input type="text" name="id"/></br> Name:<input type="text" name="name"/></br> Pass:<input type="password" name="pass"/></br> <input type="submit"/> </form> automatic type conversion processing of bean Expression Language Introduction ( E L ) ----------------------------------- Putting java code in jsp is bad habbit then what to do? --------------- Use EL JSP 2.0 spec. EL offers a simpler way to invoke Java code but he code itself belongs somewhere else Although EL looks like Java it behaves differently, so do not try and map the same Java with EL. EL are always within curly braces and prefixed with the dollar sign. The first named variable in the expression is either an implicit object or an attribute how EL make my life easy.... ------------------------------- EL example ------------ old way don't do now --------------------
Please contact: <%= application.getAttribute("mail") %> EL way ------ please contact: ${applicationScope.mail} stop JSP from using scripting elements -------------------------------------- <web-app ...> ... <jsp-config> <jsp-property-group> <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern> <scripting-invalid>true</scripting-invalid> </jsp-property-group> </jsp-config> ... </web-app> stop using EL ------------- <%@ page isELIgnored="true" %> Note: this takes priority over the DD tag above Scriptless JSP ============= EL provide better way to accept DTO send from controller to view Some Ex: ====== Consiser Servlet (controller) code ----------------------------------- Person p = new Person(); p.setName("Paul"); request.setAttribute("person", p); RequestDispatcher view = request.getRequestDispatcher ("result.jsp");
view.forward(request, response); JSP (view) code ----------------- Person is: <%= request.getAttribute("person") %> Does it work? Correct way? -------------- <% Person p = (Person) request.getAttribute("person"); Person is: <%= p.getName() %> or Person is: <%= ((Person) request.getAttribute("person")).getName() %> Correct Way ---------- <jsp:useBean id="person" class="foo.Person" scope="request" /> Person is: <jsp:getProperty name="person" property="name" /> class Person {
private String name; .... ... ... } public class Dog { private String dogName; ..... ..... } public class Person { private String personName; private Dog dog; ..... ..... } Person has A dog ---- Dog dog=new Dog(); dog.setDogName("myDog"); Person p=new Person(); p.setPersonName("foo"); p.setDog(dog); request.setAttribute("person", p); -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ Expression Language ==================== More examples -------------- consider controller code ----------------------
adding persons dog in request attributes in an servlet ----------------------------------------------------------- foo.Person p = new foo.Person(); p.setName("Paul"); foo.Dog dog = new foo.Dog(); dog.setName("Spike"); p.setDog(dog); request.setAttribute("person", p); getting same in jsp ------------------------ using tags <%= ((Person) request.getAttribute("person")).getDog ().getName() %> using EL Dog's name is: ${person.dog.name} Some more examples -------------------- in servlet --------- String[] footballTeams = { "Liverpool", "Manchester Utd", "Arsenal", "Chelsea" } request.setAttribute("footballList", footballTeams); in jsp ---------
Favorite Team: ${footballList[0]} Worst Team: ${footballList["1"]} Note ["one"] would not work but ["10"] would <%-- using the arraylist toString() --------------------------------- All the teams: ${footballList} Another Example -------------- servlet code ---------------- java.util.Map foodMap = new java.util.HashMap(); foodMap.put("Fruit", "Banana"); foodMap.put("TakeAway", "Indian"); foodMap.put("Drink", "Larger"); foodMap.put("Dessert", "IceCream"); foodMap.put("HotDrink", "Coffee"); String[] foodTypes = {"Fruit", "TakeAway", "Drink", "Dessert", "HotDrink"} request.setAttribute("foodMap", foodMap); JSP code --------- Favorite Hot Drink is: ${foodMap.HotDrink}
Favorite Take-Away is: ${foodMap["TakeAway"]} Favorite Dessert is: ${foodMap[foodTypes[3]]} EL JSTL JSP std tag library --------------------- core formatting sql xml String functions Custom tags ----------- user defind tags. in case JSTL dont have tag to solve ur problem. then go for custom tags (Dont cook food urself if get cooked food) Ex: There may be cases when you want multiple values for one given parameter name, which is when you use paramValues ============================================================ HTML Form ----------- <html><body> <form action="TestBean.jsp"> name: <input type="text" name="name">
ID: <input type="text" name="empID"> First food: <input type="text" name="food"> Second food: <input type="text" name="food"> <input type="submit"> </form> </body></html> JSP Code ----------- Request param name is: ${param.name} <br> Request param empID is: ${param.empID} <br> <%-- you will only get the first value --> Request param food is: ${param.food} <br> First food is: ${paramValues.food[0]} <br> Second food is: ${paramValues.food[1]} <br> Here are some other parameters you can obtain, ----------------------------------------------------- host header -------- Host is: <%= request.getHeader("host•) %> Host is: ${header["host"]} Host is: $header.host} whether Request is post or get ? --------------------------------- Method is: ${pageContext.request.method}
Cookie information ----------------- Username is: ${cookie.userName.value} Context init parameter (need to configure in dd) ----------------------- email is: <%= application.getInitParameter("mainEmail") %> email is: {$initParam.mainEmail} What has been covered till now -------------------------------- directive -------- <%@ page import="java.util.*" %> declaration --------- <%! int y = 3; %> EL Expression ------------- email: ${applicationScope.mail} scriptlet --------- <% Float one = new Float(42.5); %> expression --------- <%= pageContext.getAttribute(foo") %> action --------- <jsp:include page="foo.html" /> JSTL ======= The JSTL is hugh, version 1.2 has five libraries,
four with custom tags and one with a bunch of functions for String manipulation •JSTL Core - core •JSTL fmt - formatting •JSTL XML - xml •JSTL sql - sql •JSTL function - string manipulation Hello world jstl ====================== <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <html><body> ... <c:forEach var="i" begin="1" end="10" > <c:out value="${i}" /> </c:forEach> ... </body></html> Custom tags ==================== A Custom tag is a user defined JSP language element. When a JSP page containing custom tag is translated into a Servlet, the tag is converted to operations on an object called tag handler. -------------------- The Web container then invokes those operations when the JSP page•s servlet is executed. Note: 1. Custom tags can access all the objects available in JSP pages. 2. Custom tags can modify the response generated by the calling page. 3.Custom tags can be nested.
Custom tag library consists of one or more Java classes called Tag Handlers and an XML tag library descriptor file (tag library). ---------------- -------------------------- javax.servlet.jsp.tagext. ----------------------------- A class which has to be a tag handler needs to implement <<Tag>> or<<IterationTag >> or <<BodyTag>> or it can also extend TagSupport or BodyTagSupport class. Let us create a custom tag which will does substring operation on given input. If SKIP_BODY ----------- is returned by doStartTag() then if body is present then it is not evaluated. If EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE ----------------- is returned, the body is evaluated and "passed through" to the current output.
Jsp Notes

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Jsp Notes

  • 1.
    Tomcat 7 Servlet 3.0 ------------- servelet anno Synch and Aych processing* JEE 5 or JEE 6 ------------ both are same tech... MVC View:jsp Controller: servlet/ filter JSP ----- if both servelt and jsp are same the why two? ------------------------------------------- CGI and Perl Servlet ASP JSP= Java Server Pages -------- to simplify the web app development ASP.net ------ Struts ------- Velocity -------- jsp is same as servlet -------------------------- jsp should be convered in servlet. ------------------------------------ Servlet container
  • 2.
    JSP container JSP isslow then servlet first time only ---------------------------------------- depends on container u are using* after ward speed of jsp and servlet are same. What ever we can do in servlet we can do in jsp ---------------------------------------------- Servlet and jsp ============== how to learn jsp in 1 hr ------------------------- JSP =========== Nuts and bolts of JSP -------------------- diective ----------- decide behaviour of whole page <%@ ............ %> scriptlet ------------ <% %> pure java code
  • 3.
    no html and jsp code expresssion ------------ <%= i %> out.prinln(i); expression is an replacement (Shortcut of out.println() ) decleration ------------ <%! %> <%! int i=0;%> <% i++;%> <%=i%> to compare jsp with sevlet ---------------------------------- hit counter programs -------------------- <%! int i=0; String fun() {
  • 4.
    ruturn "hi"; } %> <% out.println("i:"+i); out.print(fun()); %> <%=i++%> is equivalent to <% out.print(i++); %> JSP key topics ======================= Java bean in jsp EL JSTL JSP std tag liberary Custome tag Should be used in place of scriptlet --------- class MyServlet extends HttpServlet { int i=0; public void fun() {
  • 5.
    out.print("HI"); } public void doGet(...... req,......res)thr............ { PrintWriter out=res.get........(); out.println("i:"+i); out.print("<h1>india is shining?</h1>"); out.print("hi"); fun(); } } JSP directive ============= <%@ .... %> •page defines page-specific properties such as character encoding, the content type for this pages response and whether this page should have the implicit session object. <%@ page import="foo.*" session="false" %> <%@ page language=•java• import=•java.util.Date(), java.util.Dateformate()• iserrorpage=•false•%> A page directive can use up to thirteen different attributes -------------------- •include Defines text and code that gets added into the current page at translation time <%@ include file="hi.html" %> •taglib Defines tag libraries available to the JSP
  • 6.
    <%@ taglib tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags/cool"prefix="cool" %> what is the syn of include directive -------------------------------- a.jsp -------------------- <h1>file 1</h2> <%@ include file="b.jsp" %> b.jsp ----------- <h1>file 2</h2> <h1>india is shining!</h1> <%=new Date()%> in theory --------- we should not use include directive if content of b.jsp is changing with time. Scriptlet ========= <% %> pure java code Nothing else only pure java
  • 7.
    <% out.println(Counter.getCount()); %> Expression ========= <%= %> <%= Counter.getCount() %> Instance Declaration ==================== <%! %> JSP Comments =========== HTML Comment <!-- HTML Comment --> JSP Comment <%-- JSP Comment --%> Understnading ================ <html> <body> <%! int count=0; %> The page count is now: <= ++count %> </body> </html> page for only that page request doGet(..........request, ........res) session===>HttpSession s=req.getSession() application==>getServletContext()
  • 8.
    Implicit Object ==================== JspWriter out HttpServletRequest request request.setAttribute("key","foo"); String temp=request.getAttribute("key"); HttpServletResponse response HttpSession session session.setAttribute("key","foo"); String temp=session.getAttribute("key"); ServletContext application application.setAttribute("key","foo"); String temp=application.getAttribute("key"); ServletConfig config Throwable exception PageContext pageContext (not in servlet) is an handly way to access any type of scoped variable? Object page (not in servlet) Standard Actions ---------------------- Tags that affect runtime behavior of JSP and response send back to client Std action types: ----------------- <jsp:useBean> <jsp:setProperty> <jsp:getProperty>
  • 9.
    RequestDispacher rd=request.getRequestDispacher("show.jsp"); rd.forward(req,res); <jsp:include> <jsp:forward> <jsp:plugin> <jsp:param> applet API for the Generated Servlet ============================== jspInit() -------- This method is called from the init() method and it can be overridden jspDestroy() ---------- This method is called from the servlets destroy() method and it too can be overridden _jspService() This method is called from the servlets service() method which means its runs in a separate thread for each request, the container passes the request and response object to this method. You cannot override this method. Initializing your JSP ------------------------- put this in web.xml --------------------- <web-app ...> <servlet> <servlet-name>foo</servlet-name> <jsp-file>/index.jsp</jsp-file> <init-param> <param-name>email</param-name> <param-value>rgupta.mtech@gmail.com</param-value> </init-param> </servlet>
  • 10.
    <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>foo</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/index.jsp</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app> now getting them in init method =============================== <%! public void jspInit() { ServletConfig sConfig = getServletConfig(); String emailAddr = sConfig.getInitParameter("email"); ServletContext ctx = getServletContext(); ctx.setAttribute("mail", emailAddr); } %> class Fun { Fun(){} } now get attributes in service method =============================== <%= "Mail Attribute is: " + application.getAttribute("mail") %>
  • 11.
    <%= "Mail Attributeis: " + pageContext.findAttribute("mail") %> <% ServletConfig sConfig = getServletConfig(); String emailAddr = sConfig.getInitParameter("email"); out.println("<br><br>Another way to get web.xml attributes: " + emailAddr ); %> <% out.println("<br><br>Yet another way to get web.xml attributes: " + getServletConfig().getInitParameter("email") ); %> Setting scoped attributes in JSP ================================ Application ----------- in servlet ---------- getServletContext().setAttribute("foo",barObj); in jsp -------- application.setAttribute("foo",barObj); Request -------- in servlet ---------- request.setAttribute("foo",barObj); in jsp -------- request.setAttribute("foo",barObj); Session -------- in servlet ---------- request.getSession().setAttribute("foo",barObj); in jsp -------- session.setAttribute("foo",barObj);
  • 12.
    Page ------- in servlet ---------- do not apply in jsp -------- pageContext.setAttribute("foo",barObj); Note ============ Using the pageContext to get a session-scoped attribute ------------------------------------------------------------ <%= pageContext.getAttribute("foo", PageContext.SESSION_SCOPE ) %> Using the pageContext to get an application-scoped attribute ---------------------------------------------------------------- <%= pageContext.getAttribute("mail", PageContext.APPLICATION_SCOPE) %> Using the pageContext to find an attribute when you don't know the scope ----------------------------- <%= pageContext.findAttribute("mail") %> ExceptionHandling in JSP --------------------------- Exceptionhandling.jsp -------------------------- <%@ page errorPage="errorpage.jsp" isErrorPage="false"%> <% Dog d=null; String s=null; .... .... d.toString(); %> errorpage.jsp ---------------------- <%@ page isErrorPage="true" %> This is the Error page.The following error occurs:- <br> <%= exception.toString() %>
  • 13.
    Reuqst dispaching vsredirect ------------------------------------ login.html ========== <form action ="myLogin.jsp". <input type="text" name="name"/> <input type="password" name="pass"/> <input type="submit"/> </form> login app ------------- passing parameter with dispaching ----------------------------- <jsp:include page="/requestParams2.jsp" > <jsp:param name="sessionID" value="<%= session.getId() %>" /> </jsp:include> getting in another servlet and jsp --------------------------------------- <%@ page import="java.util.*" %> <% Enumeration parameterNames = request.getParameterNames(); while (parameterNames.hasMoreElements()) { String name = (String)parameterNames.nextElement(); out.println(name); out.println(request.getParameter(name) ); } %>
  • 14.
    Sepration of concern ------------------- nobusiness logic should be done in jsp at any cost <jsp:useBean> <jsp:setProperty> <jsp:getProperty> Basic of jsp model ------------------- script file converted into eq servlet. no diff between servlet and jsp nut and bolts of jsp ----------------- Directive --------- include taglib*
  • 15.
    page 13 attributes not all imp Scriptlet ------- pure java code must be avoided diff to avoide expression --------- aka of short cut for out.print() decleation ---------- <%! %> whatever u want to put in insta/static comments ------- jsp comm html comm:show in view source include directive and include action ---------------------------------------- if content is changing dynamicall always go for action scope ====== page request session application pageContext Std action --------- <jsp:useBean........./> <jsp:setProperty ............/> <jsp:getProperty ............../> How java bean internally use reflection and serl...? ------------------------------------------------ what is reflection *
  • 16.
    ============================================================================ Day-2 ============================================================================ EL:Expression Language More onjava beans ------------------- <form action ="LoginServlet" method="get"> ID:<input type="text" name="id"/></br> Name:<input type="text" name="name"/></br> Pass:<input type="password" name="pass"/></br> <input type="submit"/> </form> automatic type conversion processing of bean Expression Language Introduction ( E L ) ----------------------------------- Putting java code in jsp is bad habbit then what to do? --------------- Use EL JSP 2.0 spec. EL offers a simpler way to invoke Java code but he code itself belongs somewhere else Although EL looks like Java it behaves differently, so do not try and map the same Java with EL. EL are always within curly braces and prefixed with the dollar sign. The first named variable in the expression is either an implicit object or an attribute how EL make my life easy.... ------------------------------- EL example ------------ old way don't do now --------------------
  • 17.
    Please contact: <%=application.getAttribute("mail") %> EL way ------ please contact: ${applicationScope.mail} stop JSP from using scripting elements -------------------------------------- <web-app ...> ... <jsp-config> <jsp-property-group> <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern> <scripting-invalid>true</scripting-invalid> </jsp-property-group> </jsp-config> ... </web-app> stop using EL ------------- <%@ page isELIgnored="true" %> Note: this takes priority over the DD tag above Scriptless JSP ============= EL provide better way to accept DTO send from controller to view Some Ex: ====== Consiser Servlet (controller) code ----------------------------------- Person p = new Person(); p.setName("Paul"); request.setAttribute("person", p); RequestDispatcher view = request.getRequestDispatcher ("result.jsp");
  • 18.
    view.forward(request, response); JSP (view)code ----------------- Person is: <%= request.getAttribute("person") %> Does it work? Correct way? -------------- <% Person p = (Person) request.getAttribute("person"); Person is: <%= p.getName() %> or Person is: <%= ((Person) request.getAttribute("person")).getName() %> Correct Way ---------- <jsp:useBean id="person" class="foo.Person" scope="request" /> Person is: <jsp:getProperty name="person" property="name" /> class Person {
  • 19.
    private String name; .... ... ... } public class Dog { private String dogName; ..... ..... } public class Person { private String personName; private Dog dog; ..... ..... } Person has A dog ---- Dog dog=new Dog(); dog.setDogName("myDog"); Person p=new Person(); p.setPersonName("foo"); p.setDog(dog); request.setAttribute("person", p); -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ Expression Language ==================== More examples -------------- consider controller code ----------------------
  • 20.
    adding persons dogin request attributes in an servlet ----------------------------------------------------------- foo.Person p = new foo.Person(); p.setName("Paul"); foo.Dog dog = new foo.Dog(); dog.setName("Spike"); p.setDog(dog); request.setAttribute("person", p); getting same in jsp ------------------------ using tags <%= ((Person) request.getAttribute("person")).getDog ().getName() %> using EL Dog's name is: ${person.dog.name} Some more examples -------------------- in servlet --------- String[] footballTeams = { "Liverpool", "Manchester Utd", "Arsenal", "Chelsea" } request.setAttribute("footballList", footballTeams); in jsp ---------
  • 21.
    Favorite Team: ${footballList[0]} WorstTeam: ${footballList["1"]} Note ["one"] would not work but ["10"] would <%-- using the arraylist toString() --------------------------------- All the teams: ${footballList} Another Example -------------- servlet code ---------------- java.util.Map foodMap = new java.util.HashMap(); foodMap.put("Fruit", "Banana"); foodMap.put("TakeAway", "Indian"); foodMap.put("Drink", "Larger"); foodMap.put("Dessert", "IceCream"); foodMap.put("HotDrink", "Coffee"); String[] foodTypes = {"Fruit", "TakeAway", "Drink", "Dessert", "HotDrink"} request.setAttribute("foodMap", foodMap); JSP code --------- Favorite Hot Drink is: ${foodMap.HotDrink}
  • 22.
    Favorite Take-Away is:${foodMap["TakeAway"]} Favorite Dessert is: ${foodMap[foodTypes[3]]} EL JSTL JSP std tag library --------------------- core formatting sql xml String functions Custom tags ----------- user defind tags. in case JSTL dont have tag to solve ur problem. then go for custom tags (Dont cook food urself if get cooked food) Ex: There may be cases when you want multiple values for one given parameter name, which is when you use paramValues ============================================================ HTML Form ----------- <html><body> <form action="TestBean.jsp"> name: <input type="text" name="name">
  • 23.
    ID: <input type="text"name="empID"> First food: <input type="text" name="food"> Second food: <input type="text" name="food"> <input type="submit"> </form> </body></html> JSP Code ----------- Request param name is: ${param.name} <br> Request param empID is: ${param.empID} <br> <%-- you will only get the first value --> Request param food is: ${param.food} <br> First food is: ${paramValues.food[0]} <br> Second food is: ${paramValues.food[1]} <br> Here are some other parameters you can obtain, ----------------------------------------------------- host header -------- Host is: <%= request.getHeader("host•) %> Host is: ${header["host"]} Host is: $header.host} whether Request is post or get ? --------------------------------- Method is: ${pageContext.request.method}
  • 24.
    Cookie information ----------------- Username is: ${cookie.userName.value} Context init parameter (need to configure in dd) ----------------------- email is: <%= application.getInitParameter("mainEmail") %> email is: {$initParam.mainEmail} What has been covered till now -------------------------------- directive -------- <%@ page import="java.util.*" %> declaration --------- <%! int y = 3; %> EL Expression ------------- email: ${applicationScope.mail} scriptlet --------- <% Float one = new Float(42.5); %> expression --------- <%= pageContext.getAttribute(foo") %> action --------- <jsp:include page="foo.html" /> JSTL ======= The JSTL is hugh, version 1.2 has five libraries,
  • 25.
    four with customtags and one with a bunch of functions for String manipulation •JSTL Core - core •JSTL fmt - formatting •JSTL XML - xml •JSTL sql - sql •JSTL function - string manipulation Hello world jstl ====================== <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <html><body> ... <c:forEach var="i" begin="1" end="10" > <c:out value="${i}" /> </c:forEach> ... </body></html> Custom tags ==================== A Custom tag is a user defined JSP language element. When a JSP page containing custom tag is translated into a Servlet, the tag is converted to operations on an object called tag handler. -------------------- The Web container then invokes those operations when the JSP page•s servlet is executed. Note: 1. Custom tags can access all the objects available in JSP pages. 2. Custom tags can modify the response generated by the calling page. 3.Custom tags can be nested.
  • 26.
    Custom tag libraryconsists of one or more Java classes called Tag Handlers and an XML tag library descriptor file (tag library). ---------------- -------------------------- javax.servlet.jsp.tagext. ----------------------------- A class which has to be a tag handler needs to implement <<Tag>> or<<IterationTag >> or <<BodyTag>> or it can also extend TagSupport or BodyTagSupport class. Let us create a custom tag which will does substring operation on given input. If SKIP_BODY ----------- is returned by doStartTag() then if body is present then it is not evaluated. If EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE ----------------- is returned, the body is evaluated and "passed through" to the current output.